In Aristotle's "Justifying Slavery" and Seneca's "On Master and Slave," the two authors express their opposing sentiments on the principles of slavery. While Aristotle describes slavery as predestined inferiority, evidenced greatly by physical attributes, Seneca emphasizes the importance of "philosophical" freedom as opposed to physical freedom. (p. 58). The authors' contrasting views are disclosed in their judgments on the morality of slavery, the degree of freedom all people possess at birth, and the balance of equality between a slave and his master.
In "Justifying Slavery," Aristotle, "who was well aware of moral issues," (p. 53). does not suggest in his writing that he recognizes slavery as immoral. Seneca, however, in "On
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Seneca's piece provides reassurance that not all masters advocated indifference to the deserved humanity of slaves and the mistreatment of those who they erroneously considered inferior or unworthy of human rights.
As a result of these contrasting opinions on the morality of slavery, Aristotle and Seneca also differ in their understanding of the amount of freedom possessed at birth. While Aristotle believes some are born as slaves and others as rulers, Seneca pronounces that we are all "fellow-slaves... Fortune has equal rights over slaves and free men alike." (p. 59). Seneca's account exhibits the perception that all people inherently possess the same freedoms and rights. It is unnatural to repress or deny a person of these ingrained liberties, labeling them as a slave and consequently stifling their deserved rights and opportunities to exercise and apply these rights in their future. Although Seneca does not renounce the system of slavery entirely, "On Master and Slave" provides a basis for the eventual abolition of slavery and unmerited usurpation of freedom.
In addition to being granted an equal amount of freedom at birth, Seneca, in contrast to Aristotle, also affirms that this equality should exist in the relationship between a servant and his master. In "Justifying Slavery," Aristotle compares slaves to domestic animals, and he proposes that both slaves and animals are depended upon only for the fundamentals of life. Seneca, however,
In attempt to give slaves equal rights to the common American man, activists argued that “thay (they; slaves) have in Common with all other men a Natural and Unaliable (inalienable) Right to that freedom which the Grat Parent of the Unavers hath Bestowed equalley on all menkind and which they have Never forfuted by any Compact or agreement.” The slaves feel violated because they look just like the average white American citizen and are not given guaranteed rights that white citizens have.
Frederick Douglass was a gifted speaker. He wanted to convince a crowd of hundreds that were gathered together to celebrate Independence Day not only about the hypocrisy of slavery, but also to essentially “sting the conscience of America (Braswell).” When Douglass was asked to speak on Independence Day, there were still more than 3.5 million African Americans enslaved (Braswell). Throughout his life, Douglass advocated equal justice and rights for African Americans. That brings us to the first theme, which is inequality. In our past readings, this has been a prevalent theme. For example, in A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, we saw slavery with the peasants and the inequality within the aristocracy. In Benito Cereno, we were able to see slavery with African Americans. In this reading, however, we get to see first hand someone calling out the American people and voicing that slavery should be eliminated. In our past readings we have seen many forms of “heroes.” My question for the
Although slavery is no longer an issue in the modern era, it was an important predicament from 1776 to 1852. This conflict split America in half, those for slavery and those opposed to slavery. As time passed, the opposition to slavery grew tremendously. Starting with America’s Declaration of Independence where it states “we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” Starting with the creation of America, there have been those opposed to slavery, holding the Declaration of Independence as a weapon against it specifically because “all men are created equal.”
In other words, those who obtained liberty for property, were able to obtain their own slaves, which completely goes against equality and freedom for all. This concept is self-contradictory with both liberty and slaves. The African-American slaves later “recognized both hypocrisy and opportunity in the ideology of freedom”. This extended concept of liberty for
Slaves suffered within a system characterized by undernourishment, overwork, harsh punishment, ill health, and despair. The purpose of this paper is to address the significant problems slavery caused the world in which talk of rights and liberties were increasingly popularized. Slavery divested lives of many African Americans who were sold into enslavement for many years.
Starting from a slave’s birth, this cruel process leads to a continuous cycle of abuse, neglect, and inhumane treatment. To some extent, slave holders succeed because they keep most slaves so concerned with survival that they have no time or energy to consider freedom. This is particularly true for plantation slaves where the conditions of slave life are the most difficult and challenging. However, slave holders fail to realize the damage they inadvertently inflict on themselves by upholding slavery and enforcing these austere laws and attitudes.
Prompt: Douglass maintains that slavery dehumanized both the slave and the slaveholder. Quoting specific passages in the Narrative support this thesis with examples.
The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave details the progression of a slave to a man, and thus, the formation of his identity. The narrative functions as a persuasive essay, written in the hopes that it would successfully lead to “hastening the glad day of deliverance to the millions of [his] brethren in bonds” (Douglass 331). As an institution, slavery endeavored to reduce the men, women, and children “in bonds” to a state less than human. The slave identity, according to the institution of slavery, was not to be that of a rational, self forming, equal human being, but rather, a human animal whose purpose is to work and obey the whims of their “master.” For these reasons, Douglass articulates a distinction
The notion that the enslavement of African Americans can be justified is inherently false. While societal practices in America favored towards slavery, ultimately, inner moral codes argued that, no matter how one tried to prove it, slavery was inherently dehumanizing and immoral. Three circumstances that prove that slavery was unjustifiable are the opposing views present in the Bible, Desiree’s Baby, and the conflicting views in “Don’t You Remember Me Massa” and The Autobiography of Frederick Douglass.
For Edmund S. Morgan American slavery and American freedom go together hand in hand. Morgan argues that many historians seem to ignore writing about the early development of American freedom simply because it was shaped by the rise of slavery. It seems ironic that while one group of people is trying to break the mold and become liberated, that same group is making others confined and shattering their respectability. The aspects of liberty, race, and slavery are closely intertwined in the essay, 'Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox.'
In the essay, “Slaves”, Seneca voices his thoughts on slavery and the relationships between slaves and their masters as a philosopher, and does this without being explicitly persuasive, but instead by explaining his opinions with reason. One of the points that he makes is that it is better to have your slaves respect you by treating them with compassion and courtesy rather than ruling over them with forceful power, and he supports this idea by saying that by doing the latter, you turn your slaves into your enemies and, that if respect and love can satisfy a god, it should also be able to satisfy a master. Seneca also offers some interesting ideas on power and perception in his essay when he says that many of the slaves
Franklin, John Hope (2010-01-20). From Slavery to Freedom (Page 85). McGraw-Hill Higher Education -A. Kindle Edition.
Adding onto the point where slaves were put on the market like things, slaves were also discriminated due to their previous nationality. Both of these actions illustrate inhuman behaviour by the Ancient Romans. In addition to buying and selling slaves, there is one more option which tops off these poor choices. In Ancient Rome, one was also able to rent a slave. This is renting a human being. Renting tools or horses was ordinary but renting another person just exemplifies how Romans treated slaves as things, rather than people.
The free person has the ability to pursue their own telos economically, but the slave can only be a slave, subjugated to a master. As a result of this economic inequality, the political equality of the slave is undermined as they cannot be a citizen within the polis.
One of the main character of M. T.’s Anderson’s book, Octavian, when he himself was still inside the womb of his mother, Princess Cassiopeia, he already unknowingly became a property when his mother agreed that her child, the unborn Octavian himself, will be raise accordingly under Mr. Gitney’s, terms of care (Anderson 33). Growing up, he never questioned freedom because he did not know what freedom meant. In his memory, he recalled, “I was raised in a gaunt house… around the orchard and gardens stood a wall of some height, designed… to keep us all from slipping away and running from freedom; though that, of course, I did not yet understand” (Anderson 3). Little did he know, he is a prisoner inside of a property he is being taken care of. Just the outside of the property, is his freedom, however, he cannot get out of the house since his freedom is being kept away from him. Granting no access to his freedom without permission to do as he pleases. Even when someone does not know the word freedom itself, no one should be cast out from their freedom. Everyone is born free considering the statement of the United States constitution, “That all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness”. With Octavian’s condition, it can be similarly situated with animals in farms. Schlosser and Wilson stated that, “Tyson supplies its