Aneurysm : A Focal Dilation Of An Infected Arterial Wall

An AAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm) is defined as enlargement of at least 3 cm of the abdominal aorta. The majority of abdominal aortic aneurysms begins below the renal arteries and ends above the iliac arteries. The exact cause of (AAAs) is unknown. However, it is thought to be due to a degenerative process of the abdominal aorta caused by atherosclerosis. Artherosclerosis represents a response to vessel wall injury caused by inflammation, genetically regulated defects in collagen and fibrillin, increased protease activity within the arterial wall, and mechanical factors (Stoelting p. 143).

The aorta is the largest artery in the body and is the blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. It widens and balloons the portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel. A thoracic aortic aneurysm occurs in the part of the body's largest artery (the aorta) that passes through the chest. Depending on its location and size, it may rupture or dissect (tear), causing life-threatening internal bleeding. When detected in time, a thoracic aortic aneurysm can often be repaired with surgery or other less invasive techniques.

Solitaire AB stent is sometimes used in the coiling of small intracranial aneurysms that have ruptured. With the advances in Neuroradiology techniques, the diagnosis of small aneurysms has been improving. According to “Jifang Zhang, Donghai Wang and Xingang” (2015) in a study titled “Solitaire AB stent-assisted coiling embolization of the treatment of ruptured very small intracranial aneurysms” (page 1) a study was performed at the Qilu

2. Zak, Radovan, ed. Growth of the Heart in Health and Disease. Raven Pr, 1984.

In the preantibiotic era, syphilitic thoracic aortic aneurysms, fibrosing mediastinitis, and other complications of untreated infection were frequent causes of the SVC syndrome. In the postantibiotic era, malignancy became the most common cause, accounting for 90 percent of cases. More recently, the incidence of SVC syndrome due to

“It’s not stress that kills us, it is our reaction to it.” That is a famed quote from Hans Selye, a famous Hungarian endocrinologist, that relates to moments when a life is in a physician’s hands. One wrong move of a doctor and a patient could die. Learning to overcome fears and concentrate on the task at hand is the most needed skill for a surgeon, a brain surgeon to be exact. Focusing on the central nervous system I can fix the abnormalities and diseases of the brain. One of the highest pressure surgeries neurosurgeons perform are the clipping of aneurysms.

Necropsy studies of patients with right-sided infective endocarditis and of opiate addicts have shown that vegetation was ten times more common in the tricuspid valve than in the pulmonary valve. The involved valves were nearly always anatomically normal before the onset of the cardiac infection.the survival of patients with congenital heart disease has increased the number and age of the population susceptible to infective endocarditis. Formerly, the patients most susceptible to infective endocarditis were those with tetralogy of Fallot, patent ductus arteriosus and ventricular septal defect. Congenital and acquired valve deformities play an important role in the pathogenesis of the infection and are responsible for the increase of infective endocarditis in adults [3]. Vegetations usually develop on the low-pressure side of the defect with endocardial trauma, and downstream from the site of the lesions.In patients with patent ductus arteriosus, the vegetations first develop at the pulmonary end of

The two most significant weakness related to the lack of specificity in etiological origin of the endocarditis, and an expanded discussion in relevance of results. The researchers explained that due to gathering their data from hospitals there was often a lack in specificity of microorganism identification in the codes submitted. More importantly, the researchers largely discussed the limitations in their study, rather than discussing the uses and significance of the article. While it is good to identify possible sources of error, the researchers overly focused on this, decreasing the confidence for readers in their

There are many viruses that are connected to myocarditis including; the common cold, herpes simplex, and hepatitis B & C. The next potential cause is bacteria. There are a few commonly known bacteria that are linked to myocarditis, a few of which include: streptococcus and staphylococcus. Another potential cause of myocarditis is parasites. Some of these parasites are transmitted by insects. This cause is more prevalent in Central and South America but it can occur in travellers. The final potential cause is fungi. In people with weakened immune systems, yeast infections, molds, and other fungi can cause myocarditis. In addition to these causes, there are some behaviors that could also spur myocarditis along. These include: medications, illegal drugs, radiation, chemical, and lupus. There are many symptoms that could help identify myocarditis, including (but not limited to): fatigue, shortness of breath, arrhythmias, chest pain, body aches, headaches, fever, or a sore

Brain aneurysms are caused by weak blood vessels that balloon and fill with blood which can fatally rupture. Once an aneurysm has ruptured, emergency surgery is needed to prevent the patient from suffering a subarachnoid hemorrhage, a fatal type of stroke. The insertion of a detachable embolic coil can prevent rupturing of aneurysms and the need for emergency surgery. A technical study was conducted which used an experimental model constructed in the necks of swine to simulate a specific type of brain aneurysm (1). A combination of stents and Guglielmi Detachable Coils were then inserted to inhibit the fatal bleeding into the brain. This research concluded that the Guglielmi Detachable embolic coil is a high impact device because it can

The main source for pumping blood through every single artery in the human body is the aorta. The aorta arises from the left ventricle of the heart and extends through the entire abdomen where it then bifurcates into the common iliac arteries. Over time, the arterial walls become weak and widen. As the pressure of blood pumping continues through the aorta, the weakened area starts to have an outpouching known as an aneurysm. “An aneurysm is an abnormal widening of an artery with an increase of greater than 1.5 times the normal diameter” (Medifocus, 2014, p. 19). The normal size of an aneurysm ranges from 1.4 cm to 3.0 cm. A diameter greater than 3 cm is considered to be an abnormal

An aneurysm is a focal dilation or outpouching of a blood vessel, although it can also occur in one of the cardiac chambers and it is more common in arteries rather than in veins. It is justified if the localized dilation is above 50% of the normal lumen (Attenberg, 2011). The expect diameter is based on gender, age and other factors, such as body size (Johnston, 1991). A true aneurysm is defined by a weakening of the vessel wall and involves the three layers of an artery: tunica intima, media and adventitia. The Laplace’s law is a formula that relates some key factors about the hemodynamics and according to that, the wall tension required to withstand a certain internal fluid pressure is directly proportional to the vessel radius and inversely

Weaknesses in blood vessel walls may develop an abnormal widening. This “ballooning” is called an aneurysm. Some defects in arteries are congenital, others develop without a clear reason at various stages of life. Surgeons have repaired aneurysms in the brain, lower extremities, intestines, the heart

Septicemia can lead to venous thrombosis especially when the blood work-up reveals anerorobic organism. There have been a recent reported case which suggests that septicemia could have led to OVT after blood cultures from samples taken from the patient were positive for F. necrophorum. Antibiotics have resulted in reduction in the incidence of Lemierre's syndrome over the past 50 years, but it is said to have increased recently because of the increased prescription of NSAIDS without suitable antibiotic

Coronary artery infection is brought on by the steady development of plaque (made of fat, cholesterol, and different substances) within dividers of the coronary supply routes. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart. After some time, the plaque stores develop sufficiently huge to limit the arteries inside channels, diminishing blood stream to the heart muscle. On the off chance that the plaque gets to be precarious and breaks, blood coagulation can shape at the crack site and piece blood stream, bringing about a heart