Annotated Bibliography Research

The importance of conserving the initial attraction that gave people a reason to visit the area is critical to its identity. Whether it is a run-down factory or abandoned home, the fact that a structure plays a meaningful role in supporting individuals in their times of hardship gives its standing a more compelling value. Nonetheless, the alternative means to improve a community would be to repurpose neglected buildings, by merely restoring them and giving them back to the community, where everybody could use them. An instance of spaces given back to a neighborhood is the use of urban farms in run-down Chicago neighborhoods. The purpose of an urban farm is to allow the community to work collaboratively and produce agriculture, which is also beneficial in providing a source of food for those in need. Additionally, the urban farms serve the purpose of allowing youths to voluntarily keep themselves busy planting fruits and vegetables, while also avoiding the violence that takes place on the

Research questions. There is little doubt that unsafe, abandoned structures and vacant lots trigger expenditures by municipalities, either directly or indirectly, and result in lost revenue. However, less certainty exists about the relationship between crime rates and the conditions of neighborhoods as expressed by abandoned buildings and vacant lots. The research questions are: (1) Do abandoned properties actually attract criminals and contribute to social

Study Title: What are the difficulties first generation non-traditional Hispanic/Latina woman face to achieve a higher education?

1)F.Scott Christopher and Tiffani S. Kisler(2012)surveyed mental health issues faced by women who experienced intimate partner violence.339 college women were surveyed and analysis showed that verbal aggression and minor and major physical violence overlapped.Experiences of sexual assault and minor physical violence also co-occurred.Women who experienced verbal and physical abuse but not sexual violence showed symptoms of hostility,anxiety,and depression and those who experienced sexual abuse displayed signs of depression.

Dettmers, J. M., Goddard, C. I., & Smith, K. D. (November 01, 2012). Management of Alewife Using Pacific Salmon in the Great Lakes: Whether to Manage for Economics or the Ecosystem?. Fisheries, 37, 11, 495-501.

Dixon Jr., Herbert B. 2018. “Is Hacking the New Normal?”. Judges’ Journal 57, no. 1: 36-37. Academic Search Complete, Ebscohost (accessed February 4, 2018).

Mytton, O. T., Clarke, D., & Rayner, M. (2012). Taxing unhealthy food and drinks to improve

In the research article “Urinary bisphenol A concentrations and implantation failure among women undergoing in vitro fertilization” written by Shelley Ehrlich, Paige L. Williams, Stacey A. Missmer, Jodi A. Flaws, Katharine F. Berry, Antonia M. Calafat, Xiaoyun Ye, John C. Petrozza, Diane Wright, and Russ Hauser, shows a study done in the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), BPA was found to be in more than 90% of urine samples which were obtained from a descriptive sample of U.S residents (3). During the past decades, infertility rates have increased and one of the most impacted areas is the U.S. Some of the most important determinants of reduced fertility are failed implantation, which is thought to account for 50-75% of preclinical pregnancy loss in humans (3). Implantation is regulated by a synchronized interaction hormonal signal, making it weak to

Urban planners and community actors must prioritize the agency of individuals and capitalize on existing social capital in order to achieve well-being for all members of a community. Today, some projects exhibit such community conscious practices that have seemingly positive effects on the community. The East Lake community in Atlanta, Georgia began large scale revitalization of a neighborhood previously known as “Little Vietnam,” due to obscene rates of violence and gang activity (East Lake Foundation). The community suffered from many common ailments of poverty-stricken neighborhoods: high crime rates, poor education systems, and lack of access to jobs. Under the leadership of a few key actors and the dedicated work of the East Lake Foundation,

"Getting the Facts: Same-Sex Marriage." Family Research Institute. Family Research Institute, 2012. Web. 02 Apr. 2012.

The United States and its population pride themselves on setting the trend. Whether it’s the newest clothing line, the best recording artist, or a slightly more important issue, Americans pride themselves in setting the pace on issues for the rest of the world. One issue that has caught our attention is the term “urban greening”. This is defined as taking an urban area and making it more “green” by adding parks, building green roofs on apartments, or closing power plants and other harmful industrial areas to create a more environmentally safe area (Brasuell, 2014). When a low-income area, with many undesirable environmental qualities, starts becoming greener, it causes a negative effect on that population (Regan, n.d). While their housing is now better, the neighborhood becomes increasingly desirable, causing a spike in cost of living and other expenses. Now that the rent has increased, the original tenants cannot afford the new prices, and they are forced to move out. This process is called “environmental gentrification”. This term has sparked numerous debates due to it’s two polar opposite sides. While environmental justice strives to provide equal development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws and quality, these qualities are what makes low-income areas desirable. Imagine a low-income area in New York City, where a neighborhood is next to several production plants and is not near any

Such a model ought to be applied to blighted neighborhoods throughout America. In a city like Flint where municipal services are greatly constricted by a weak tax base, it is notable that many of the Genesee County Land Bank's programs aim to address blight at little cost, often relying on citizens' dedication to preserving their own neighborhoods to function. For example, homeowners adjacent to abandoned land bank-owned lots have the option of purchasing these lots for a small fee plus the foreclosure year's property taxes. By rebranding vacant lots as useful property, some of the stigma of blight is eliminated. The negative effects of empty lots on crime and property values can be mitigated when invested citizens own and maintain these lots. For those citizens who do not want the extra tax burden of buying side lots, the Adopt-A-Lot program encourages people to take care of nearby abandoned properties on a volunteer basis, achieving a similar effect.

Walkability directly correlates to perceived neighborhood disorder. When residents of a neighborhood perceive their neighborhood as being unsafe, they are reluctant to walk in that neighborhood. Lack of time outside leads to alienation from nature. Neighborhood walkability promotes outside activities, which in turns promotes healthy lifestyles among humans and a relationship with the non-human world. The relationships can be mutually beneficial and can be easily achieved by increased walkability. By reducing neighborhood disorder, people will have the opportunity to experience more activities outside and therefore can feel more attached to the nature around them. Forming relationships with nature is the first step in alleviating

Community gardens have been becoming more popular throughout the years because they provide fresh produce to the population of close neighborhoods. They are able to give the less fortunate access to healthy foods, and able to donate produce to food pantries. There have been studies that research how communities’ gardens have impacted local neighborhoods and communities. Because of the previous studies, a random sample of neighborhoods, and communities will be taken from selected random community gardens in Richmond, Virginia to assess their garden and see which aspect of it really influenced the benefits the most. They will be given a questionnaire, and to compare their health and crime rate before and after a community garden existed in their area. It is expected that communities that have more active participants have better health, and in areas where there is community gardens, there is much more less crime.

The results of the survey provide new data in regard to the greenspace needs and preferences of urban populations in the inner city of Brisbane, particularly in regard to the needs and preferences associated with urban communities of increased density and diversity. Similar to Gobster’s study (2002), which found both similarities and differences in regard to the preferences of different ethnic groups toward greenspace needs, the results of this study show both similarities and differences specifically in regard to those who live in low density dwelling types, versus those who live in high density dwelling types. As shown in Table ? in Appendix ?, there were many similarities found between the targeted groups of low-density and