Anthocyanins Research Paper

The extracts and polyphenols suppressed cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, modulated signaling transduction, inhibited cell invasion, and prevented angiogenesis and metastasis in animal models related to multiple types of cancer such as liver, bladder, prostate, intestine, colon, pancreas, and mammary gland in more than one hundred publications (Yang & Wang, 2010; de Moura et al., 2013). Green tea has been studied expansively for its cancer prevention effects which are believed to be associated with green tea polyphenols known as "catechins (-)-epigallocatchin-3gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), and (-)-epigallocatechin (EC)...they each have a level of antioxidants and are strong metal ion chelators, which prevent the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)" (Yang & Wang, 2010, p. 931; Ziech et al., 2012). Further research has revealed that high concentration levels are necessary to accomplish this, and adding other agents such as Atrovastatin, a drug used to lower cholesterol, increase success (Yang & Wang, 2010). EGCG has demonstrated the most success because it "serves an antioxidant, or pro-oxidant, and

Also, as powerful antioxidants, anthocyanins can stabilize and protect capillaries and blood vessels from damage caused due to the effects of free radicals, stimulate collagen production (which is beneficial for the skin), improve circulation and lower the cholesterol.

Mulberry and blueberry are examples of the berries species that contain high antioxidants and low in calories. These berries may contribute in minimizing and preventing the risk of diabetes due to the presence of high amounts of phenolic compound and flavonoids such as anthocyanin. It may exhibit neuroprotective and anticancer activity (Wang Y, Xiang L, Wang C, Tang C, He X, 2013). The reaction of the antioxidants in berries related to the reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of macromolecular oxidation in fruits that high in phenolic compound (Larson, 1988). The anthocyanin content also have other health-related function such as anticancer, antiaging and antiobesity. However, the research regarding these functions still in progress and some of the research still needs a further improvement. The rich content of poplyphenol in berries helps in reducing the oxidation and producing the insulin to reduce the blood glucose

Did you know that diets rich in anti-oxidants have been shown to prevent disease, inflammation and improve immune systems in studies dating back to the 1960’s!

Quercetin is a natural flavonoid in many foods, including apples, cranberries, blueberries, and onions. Quercetin may have many beneficial biological properties like, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective. There is also considerable interest in quercetin’s potential

Examples can include strawberries, red cabbage, pears, and pomegranate. These pigments found in Anthocyanin are soluble in water and colored. Furthermore, factors affecting Anthocyanin include structure, pH, temperature, and light intensity. Additionally, the structure of Anthocyanin in food is relying on its form to absorb color. First, when consuming Anthocyanin it displays that there is many ways of human health to have benefits from Anthocyanin. Findings show that it helps individuals in diet and health by cancer protection, improvement in vision, antidiabetic, and inflammatory effects, supplementary for source of vitamins. An example, of a good use of an Anthocyanin is red wine. Co-pigments are like accessory pigments, such as carotenoids that carry the color of orange. The co-pigments in this form are used to stabilize during lactic fermentation and stabilize color to

Your body is in a constant battle against infection, diseases and the formation of free radicals. However, there's a secret weapon that can help you fight against these things: antioxidants! Antioxidants are elements such as vitamins A, C and E that counteract the damage caused by free radicals and help protect your healthy cells. Free radicals are the molecules that contain unpaired electrons, which make them highly reactive. In this form, they can cause damage by attacking healthy cells, and when these cells grow weakened, you become more vulnerable to disease.

In vitro enzyme-inhibitory assay-guided fractionation of Polygonum hyrcanicum extract resulted in the purification of 13 phenolic compounds as the active constituents. Based on NMR data, the purified compounds of Polygonum hyrcanicum were identified as quercetin (1) [17], myricetin (2) [17], N-trans-caffeoyl-tyramine (3) [18], quercetin 3-O-α-L-(3",5"-diacetyl-arabinofuranoside) (4) [19], quercetin 3-O-α-L-(3"-acetyl-arabinofuranoside) (5) [20], myricetin 3-O-α-L-(3",5"-diacetyl-arabinofuranoside) (6) [21], (+) catechin (7) [22], (-) gallocatechin (8) [22], myricetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (9) [23], myricetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (myricitrin) (10) [23], quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (11) [24], myricetin 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside

The particular "Mack Daddy" detoxifier, is equally any shielding along with a cleaning substance which includes shown to inhibit most cancers increase in individuals. Even Nationwide Most cancers Commence offers identified chlorophylls capability to benefit cancer malignancy mobile cure.

(Mango) leaves are a rich source of phenolic compounds. Mangiferin, obtained from the leaves and bark of the tree, is a xanthone with wide range of pharmacological effects: antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiatherosclerotic, antiallergenic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory among many others. [15] Bioactivity of Mangiferin is attributed to its ability to decrease localized O2 concentration and generation of mangiferin phenoxy radicals and metal-ligand complexes with iron, that prevent the formation of OH¯ radicals and oxo-ferryl groups that cause tissue damage. It also helps in maintaining the oxidant-antioxidant balance necessary for normal cellular function. [16]

Anthocyanidines (Figure 4, delphinidin) another natural compound has been discovered to be a competitive inhibitor of Glo1. It's capabilities to interact with zinc atom by its OH, make ionic-pi interactions with aromatic amino acids in the active site by its positive charge and make hydrogen bound with basic amino acids at the mouth of the active site by its terminal hydroxyl groups gave her the competitive inhibition characteristic.

Anthraquinone is a pulping catalyst that cycles between its insoluble oxidized form and its soluble reduced form. Kaye, A. (1999). The first step in the sequence is the reaction of AQ with the reducing group of a carbohydrate. This stabilizes the carbohydrate against the "peeling reaction," (KemAQ, n.d, para. 2) (the systematic removal of the sugar units at the reducing end of the cellulose or hemicellulose) and produces anthrohydroquinone (AHQ), which can participate, again in the redox cycle (oxidation reduction). (KemAQ, n.d, para. 2) Therefore, AQ/AHQ improves yield by stabilizing the carbohydrates and delignification. Kaye, A. (1999). Significantly, these additives are changing the digester control systems into a better quality control

Aside from antioxidant activity, these molecules provide the following beneficial effects such as Anti-viral, Anti-cancer, Anti-inflammatory, and

Normal and functional glutathionine derives its antioxidant properties from the thiol group that occurs in the cystein within it. This group can be readily reduced or oxidized.

Chocolate has two groups of antioxidants called flavonoids and polyphenols. Antioxidants fight against free radicals in the body. Free radicals are unbalanced compounds created by the natural cellular processes in the body and from environmental toxins. Antioxidants are compounds including vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals that neutralize free radicals and protect the body from their damage. The substances in antioxidants counteract with the damaging normal effects of the body’s process of oxidization. Research shows that antioxidants help in preventing the development of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, stroke, Alzheimer’s, rheumatoid arthritis, and cataracts.