Apache Indian Reservation

The Apaches, like most Native Americans, have no written history other than that written by white men. But the story of the Apaches did not begin in the American Southwest but in the northwestern corner of North America, the western Subarctic region of Alaska and Canada. The Apache Indians belong to the southern branch of the Athabascan group, whose languages constitute a large family, with speakers in Alaska, western Canada, and American Southwest. The fact that the Apaches originated in the western mountainous Subarctic region makes their nomadic behavior after the arrival in the American Southwest more comprehensible; the tribes of the Southwest were highly mobile and moved from place to place depending on availability of food. They

8. What happened to the Apaches who agreed to settle on reservations? What incentives were

In 1885, the United States government found themselves facing a dilemma in the American Southwest. Years of raiding by some members of the Chiricahua Apache under the leadership of the famed leader Geronimo finally reached its climax and subsequent conclusion. Geronimo and his band of Apache warriors surrendered, and they were promptly incarcerated at Fort Bowie, Arizona. Consequently, the United States Government faced a dilemma on how best to manage the incarcerated Apaches and how to ensure that the Apache would never again be able to raid settlements in the American Southwest. The government’s response to this dilemma was severe. They decided to use the children of all of the Apache, whether those parents supported Geronimo or not, as leverage to ensure that the Chiricahua Apache would never again resume the war raids typical of Geronimo.

When the settlers invaded the Indian’s homeland, they weren’t happy about it. They were very angry. Some were forced out of their homeland, and others decided to stay because they were afraid to leave. The people who stayed were put into reservations. Reservations still exist today; it is land that is reserved for Indians under a treaty or an agreement. The Indians didn’t want to be put into reservations, but they had no other option but to agree with the government. I looked into the reservations and they still exist today. The Indian Country Today states that there is a housing crisis in Indian country. Despite the Indian Housing Authority's (IHAs) recent efforts, the need for adequate housing on reservations remains acute. I think that it is horrible what they’re going through after all of these years, you would think that they’re living conditions would have gotten better, but sadly it hasn’t improved.

The Navajo Indian is the largest tribe in North America, how did their culture develop over time and where are they today in regards to modern times?

During the end of the nineteenth century, the United States had formed policies which reduced land allotted to Native Americans. By enforcing these laws as well as Anglo-American ideals, the United States compromised indigenous people’s culture and ability to thrive in its society.

“The Navajo reservation begins over there”. He pointed to the east. “The Pueblo boundaries are over there”. He looked below us to the south, where the narrow trail seemed to come from. “The Texans have their ranches over there, starting with that valley, the Concho Valley. The Mexicans run some cattle over there too” (Silko 765).

When first considering the Navajo-Hopi land dispute as a topic of research, I anticipated a relatively light research paper discussing the local skirmishes between the two tribes. However, my research has yielded innumerable volumes of facts, figures and varying viewpoints on a struggle that has dominated the two tribes for over 100 years. The story is an ever-changing one, evolving from local conflict to forcible relocation to big business interests. The incredible breadth of the dispute's history makes it impossible to objectively cover the entire progression from all viewpoints. I will therefore focus on current issues - and their historical causes - facing the two tribes as they mutually approach

The purpose of the San Carlos Apache Tribe (Tribe) Integrated Resource Management Plan (IRMP) is to define the long-term direction for managing the Tribe’s resources. This IRMP includes a vision of the future landscape of the reservation based on a desire to restore ecosystem function to resemble pre-reservation conditions as closely as possible. The IRMP directs all natural resource managers on the reservation, tribal, non-tribal and within the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), to work together with tribal leaders, tribal members and all other federal agencies, local entities or businesses to achieve desired future landscape conditions on the reservation.

wasn't that big and nice. The land is actually in bad conditions when we got there and it still is now. The U.S. soldiers told us that this will be our new home and we had to stay here. If we left, then we might have been prosecuted and worst of all killed. They also said that this is a reservation and by law we had to stay here for now. I went toward the U.S. soldiers and ask, them what was a reservation? They said it was an area of land given by the government for Native Americans to occupy.My face was turning red, I was enraged because we were told to move away from our terrain and to adjust our lives to be on a reservation. We are humans, just like them, meaning we should be treated the same as them and not be set aside like if we something meaningless. In the reservations, we couldn't survive with these kinds of conditions because we need it to hunt buffaloes. buffaloes are our main source that provided almost everything needed to survive. Buffalo provided us with food, tools, weapons, and clothing. It wasn't possible for us to hunt buffalo in reservations because buffaloes, where it usually found in reservations or near reservations.Most Native Americans and I were crying because we lost our spirits a fight. We lost our spirit to fight because the United States troops and the government took our land that was rightly ours, most Native Americans died during the trails of tears. They made us move to a horrible place with the worst conditions that mankind could have imagined.The conditions of the houses on the reservation had the same conditions of a reservation overall. The houses in the reservations are tenements because the houses were poorly built. The ceilings of the houses were poorly built because it seemed that it was going to fall down in view of the fact that the rain made the ceiling fall apart. In the circumscribed land, there wasn’t a multitudinous quantity of stores. The stores

For many Native Americans like Chief Laduke say, “This is a place the creator gave us. This is the only place in the word that is ours.” Native Americans are the true lovers of nature and have an indefinite love for their land. Native Americans have announced that the Dakota Access Pipeline disrespects their culture and their lost loved ones. “The tribe has even sued Army Corps of Engineers for permitting a project that violated the National Historic Preservation Act(NHPA) and the National Environmental Preservation Act(NEPA)” says TIME. This event proves that the pipeline is unjustified and is legally against Native American rights when destroying sacred land. The “National Geographic Channel” also states, “Many tribes members are concerned about burial grounds being disturbed during construction because bulldozers have already removed topsoil on ground that members consider sacred.” The importance of sacred land to Native Americans is significant. Moreso, there is already damage being done before the actual construction. Therefore, it cannot be determined the damage that will be done during the installment of the pipeline. “Those echoes from the land have a power that draws people, allowing them to connect with their roots.” (CNN.com) The importance of land goes in hand with the importance to tradition. Areas that were once having tribal ceremonies in 1713 such as the sundance are currently still used

omitting many prehistoric ‘roads’... in the years since, these places have been ravaged by wholesale oil and gas development” (Thompson). The government needs to protect the whole landscape, not just large swaths of land because by omitting the areas with Native American potsherds and cornfields, it allows oil and gas drilling businesses to destroy these priceless artifacts. Also, it is important that the government does not shrink these large landscapes for oil and gas development because monumental lands such as Bears Ears is sacred to the Native Americans, “Navajo Nation say the entire landscape figures into their story of creation, calling it “our holy land” (Steinmetz 35). These lands are not only sacred to the Native Americans, but also a symbol of their heritage, “‘we don’t want the land to be destroyed... it’s like saying let’s shrink Mount Rushmore’... says James Adakai, a member of the Navajo Nation” (Steinmetz 33). Mount Rushmore is a huge symbol of the American heritage, so for Mr. Adakai to compare Bears Ears to such a significant American Monument demonstrates how important it is that the government protects these lands for the Native American

There are six tribes what make up the apache group: The Chiricahua, Jicarillo, Lipan, Mescalero, Western Apache, and Kiowa.

The historical mistreatment of people of color is one of the largest, yet insufficiently discussed, blotches on the tapestry that is this country's history. While the enslavement of African peoples remains arguably the most well known humans rights violation committed in the United States, the displacement and virtual genocide of Native Americans is an equally detrimental and influential event. The Bureau of American Ethnology estimates the total Native land loss to be somewhere near 1.5 billion acres, and the group currently makes up just over 1 percent of the nation's population. As a consolation prize for the theft of their land, the United States government designated multi acre land plots as reservations to be managed by tribes. These

The Navajo and Hopi tribes have long lived in an area by the region known as the four corners. Uranium, oil, gas, and coal all very valuable resources can be found under the grounds where these tribes have lived. When the “white men” realized this, they passed a law forcing the relocation of the Indians. In the film, Broken Road, Florio and Mudd (1985) the narrator stated, “The government spent 500 million dollars to partition the land between the Navajo and Hopi tribes. 8,000 Indians were herded from fort Defiance to Fort Sumner, across the New Mexico border. During this trip, many would die and the ones who survived found themselves in an internment camp”. This lasted until “the tax payers realized they were paying over one million a year to keep these camps going”(Florio and Mudd, 1985). After they realized this, the Indians were released. These people were released with only two sheep and little compensation (Florio and Mudd, 1985).