Application Of Low Power Integrated Intelligent Sensors

A Delta Sigma modulator converts an analog input signal to a Delta Sigma modulated digital bit-stream. A first-order Delta Sigma modulator consists of an analog integrator, a one-bit ADC, and a one-bit digital to analog converter (DAC), as shown in Fig. 2. In the Delta Sigma modulator circuit, the analog input port and the digital output port can use either dual power supplies or a single power supply. To avoid confusion, we use P and N to represent the polarity of the output digital signals. P means a digital positive value “true", while N means a digital negative value “false". We use numbers to represent digital or analog levels. For example, −1 and +1 represent the dual power supply level VSS and VDD, respectively. 0 means analog ground, which is 0 volts in a dual power system.

The typical daily cost for single in patients in hospitals was over $1,700 in 2013, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation [10]. Remote monitoring products such as the BodyGuardian provide the healthcare advantages such as the option to move patients to their home and retain monitoring of their status by doctors and nurses. A paper [11] proposes an original, IoT-aware, smart architecture for automatic monitoring and tracking of patients, personnel, and biomedical devices within medical

Gate Diffusion Input (GDI) logic is a low power Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) design technique which was introduced as an alternative to CMOS logic design. This technique is a two transistor implementation of complex logic functions; Logic functions can be designed with fewer gates. GDI provides in cell swing restoration when operated in certain conditions and use of restoration buffers. Digital circuits designed using GDI logic will have less power consumption occupy a minimum area, gate count and delay in the circuit is reduced. Because of fewer gates, there is less design complexity.GDI cell is as shown in the below figure 2.1

This technological advancement facilitates the potential use of a \ac{WHTD} as a solution to relieve the burden on the health care system. The \ac{WHTD} refers to the devices which are capable of monitoring the physiological signs (e.g., heart activity, \ac{ECG}, \ac{EMG}, blood pressure, body temperature, oxygen saturation, etc.) of the human body and its surrounding environment (e.g., light, humidity, temperature, etc.) using a number of sensors located on or/and in the human body using \ac{BAN} \cite{movassaghi2014wireless,bangash2014survey,jovanov2011body}. This has been employed in various applications, such as military and sports training, \ac{HCI}, entertainment (interactive gaming), home and office automation, environmental monitoring, and \ac{VR}. It has also shown a tremendous potential as a personal healthcare system, which can provide services such as remote patient and elderly people monitoring, activity monitoring, rehabilitation, and disability assistance services as these devices can monitor health status seamlessly in real-time without disturbing users daily life. Consequently, major \ac{ICT} companies are introducing various wearable devices and services with Personalised Health Data management systems. Apple iWatch with HealthKit, Samsung Galaxy fit and Samsung Digital Health, and Google Fit are some of the

This author believes by moving the healthcare from hospitals and healthcare centers to the people home can potentially open up new opportunities to continuously monitor and adjust treatment and prevention plans accordingly. Healthcare cost is enormous and continually increasing, by integrating IoT to daily life of people, healthcare providers can detect and monitor the health of people in real-time and apply better preventive methods to reduce health risk factors and consequently the cost of care. The IoT can help people to manage their own life better by knowing their health status in real-time and adjust their lifestyle habits accordingly. The Patient with chronic disease like type I diabetes can continuously monitor their blood glucose level

There are no shortage of predictions about how the Internet of Things (IoT) is going to revolutionize healthcare by lowering costs and improving quality by giving better treatment and diagnosis to patients, ensure productivity and communication within medical facilities, and minimalize the margin of medical errors. We have only seen a glimpse of what healthcare IoT can offer, but what we do know is that it has the potential to increase patient accountability for their own health and wellness and decrease waste by providing supplemental information allowing healthcare providers to provide more personalized, targeted medicine.

The increasing ageing population leads the great healthcare expenditure, and it will overload the national health care system. Especially, the lack of the number of carer is one of the biggest issues in here due to ageing care needs a one-on-one treatment with 24 hours monitoring. As one of the solutions, unsupervised personal health care system has been raised using the wearable health tracking devices (WHTD) and the personal treatment devices (PTD). WHTDs are initially designed designed for simple physical activity monitoring during exercise. Its potential ability to monitor user's status without disturbing their daily life has made the WHTD as an ideal personal health monitoring tool. The current stage of the WHTD can capture essential vital

Have you ever been in the emergency room, or even in the hospital period for a procedure being in or outpatient care? One of the first things they want to do is get measurements and reading on your bodily functions. They start hooking you up to all kinds of machines and technological instruments to gather the information that they desire. Wouldn't it be great if it was all combined into one device?

The body temperature is measured by using the temperature sensor LM35.The body temperature of a person will depend on gender, food, recent activity and in women the stage of menstrual cycle. For a healthy adult the normal body temperature can range from 97.8 degrees Fahrenheit (36.5 degrees Celsius) to 99 degrees Fahrenheit (37.2 degrees Celsius).Wearable health monitoring systems (WHMSs) represent the new generation of healthcare by providing real time unobtrusive monitoring of patient’s physiological parameters through the deployment of several on body and even intra body biosensors. Although several technological issues regarding WHMS still need to be resolved in order to become more applicable in real life scenarios, it is expected that

Coincident with the increase of healthcare expenditure is the technological revolution in wearable technology, bio sensors, and wireless communication. This technological advancement lead to interest in a new type of network architecture, generally known as body sensor network (BSN) or body area network (BAN), as the solution to relief the burden on the clinical system.

Intellihuman is an innovative and fascinating new solution which emphasizes on providing real time patient data, locality and monitoring range of vital statistics and subsequently relaying this information with a health care facility such as a hospital or clinic. In sense, intellihuman is the perfect collaboration of medical technology and Information Technology, providing the users with the best of both worlds. Intellihuman should be considers a giant leap involving these two fields as it is integral in the development of patient care over time utilizing every possible smart devices at our disposal.

The healthcare field is revolutionizing and always finding ways to make processes quick, effective, and conveniently accessible. An aspect of this revolution includes the use of diagnostic wearables. Wearables are positively impacting healthcare with the use of modern medicine and biotechnology, and healthcare professionals and patients are using them more readily. Being able to receive comprehensive real-time health information on one’s smartphone or smart watch allows patients to be able to track their health on a daily basis. These diagnostic devices are non-invasive and can transmit health information to physicians within seconds at any given time. These devices especially benefit senior citizens or patients living alone with chronic

Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) combine sensing, signal processing, decision capability, and wireless networking capability in a compact, low power system. Compact geometry and low cost allows WINS to be embedded and distributed at a small fraction of the cost of conventional wire line sensor and actuator systems. On a local, wide-area scale, battlefield situational awareness will provide personnel health monitoring and enhance security and efficiency. Also,

Design event based sensor architecture for low power integrated sensors and characterize the sensor performance in terms of its power and physical size.

Proc. of the Second Intl. Conf. on Advances in Computer, Electronics and Electrical Engineering -- CEEE 2013 Copyright © Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors. All rights reserved.