Application Of Non Nursing Theories

Everyone wants a sustainable well-functioning health system (Marshall, 2011 qdt Porter-O’Grady, 2016 et al p 325). When nursing and other healthcare managers (nurse leaders) focus on increasing connections, diversity, and interactions they increase information flow and promote creative adaptation referred to as self-organization. Complexity science builds on the rich tradition in nursing that views patients and nursing care from a systems perspective (Porter-O’Grady, 2016 et al p 324 and Holden

Nursing theories are a great framework in nursing practice and assists in the positive impact in patient care. According to Kuhrik, Laub, Kuhrik, & Atwater (2011), there are thoughts that in the future nursing will embark on some challenges especially oncology, due to the fact of an aging population among the elderly. The authors believe that the theoretical framework enhances the practice of nursing and aides in staff retention, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. However, due to the need to stay abreast on current cancer treatment modalities and continued education, the daily enthusiasm needed to care for the terminally ill can often times be physically and emotionally draining. Thus, the concern for veteran nurses retaining their positions and newly graduated nurses having proper training is crucial in providing optimal patient care and providing patient safety at the same time (Kuhrik et al, p. 114). In the world of nursing, burnout is an ongoing issue that nurses face due to the physical and emotional demands they deal with on a daily basis, which causes the turnover rate to increase (Henry, 2014; Edmonds, Lockwood, Bezjak & Nyhof-Young, 2012). The use of Neuman’s System Model Theory when properly employed as it views the holistic approach to care can also address the concerns of nurse burnout, not only among oncology nurses but nursing in general. This assignment will include the following: concerns of nurse burnout in

Chaos theory engages with the certain physical systems, which are extremely sensitive to the changes in initial conditions. The equations describing a system are highly interdependent. Therefore, even a small change in the system can result in a large effect on the later condition of the system. Since it is impossible to measure all the initial parameters exactly, the trajectory of the system’s operation is inherently indeterminate. That is, this theory is represented by the interdependence among constituents of a system and the uncertainty of the possible conditions of its stages of development. In the highly complex interrelatedness and indeterminacy, this cosmos evolves as a self-organizing creation through “the interplay of chance and law.” In that sense, as Ilya Prigogine and Stuart Kauffman hold, our cosmos is in the continuous process of the emergence of complexity and order in nonlinear systems at the edge of chaos. The dissipations and emergences of complexity and order in nonlinear systems go on and on in this cosmos. “Every beginning is a beginning-again.”

The nursing profession entails core values and commonalities that link those in the profession. A comprehensive study of the literature identifies key components of the profession as the provision of technical care, defending the vulnerable, taking care of the ill, as well as establishing systems for the delivery of care. Different models have been developed which describes and guides the nursing profession. The two nursing theories: the Theory of Nursing as Caring by Boykin and Schoenhofer and the Transition Theory of Afaf Ibrahim Meleis are constructive theories and serviceable in the nursing field. This paper gives an analysis of two nursing theories, comparing and contrasting their values.

The universal portion of Orem’s theory consists of the self care that a patient needs to meet their physiologic and psychosocial need. The developmental portion of the theory covers the care when coping through developmental stages, and the health deviation, which cover the care a patient need when theory health has

Consequently, one nursing theory does not fit every individual’s need. However, while nursing theories encompass many different beliefs, policies, and procedures, nurses can choose from many theories and can utilize some, all, or none of the concepts of each theory.

The nursing profession has progressed greatly since it roots with Florence Nightingale, moving from reliance upon total medical direction for providing basic care and “the first duty of the nurse it that of obedience-absolute fidelity to his orders, even if the necessity of the prescribed measures is not apparent, you have no responsibility beyond that of faithfully carrying out the directions received” (Jennifer C. Telford), into an autonomous practice with its own nursing theory practices, models, and interventions.

I interviewed three people in my life that I know do not have a lot of knowledge on nursing but I was genuinely surprised to learn how little they know. My mother has been through nursing school and is an RN, so I assumed Brian and Olivia, my stepfather and sister, would at least have some basic knowledge. When asked her perspective on what nurses do my sister answered, “Nurses save people’s lives. They give patient’s their shots and medicines. They have to work with the doctors to make them better” (Garee, O., 2016, Personal Communication). I attempted to get her to elaborate and she said that was all she knew. My stepfather had an even simpler answer, “[Nurses] help the sick” (Garee, B., 2016,

Nursing has made a tremendous push towards being a profession during the past century. Many in the health care academia not only see nursing as an academic discipline, but also an equal colleague. This transformation is due to nursing progressing towards theory-based practice. "A nursing theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions or propositions derived from nursing models or from other disciplines and project a purposive, systematic view of phenomena by designing specific inter-relationships among concepts for the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and /or prescribing" (Ameen & Mutha). Theory based-practice has made nursing meaningful. Experts in the field developed, tried, and tested nursing

The activities include physical and occupational therapy, nutrition counseling, and case management ("Community Health Nursing," 2013).

One nursing theory that has influenced my values and goals as a nurse is Jean Watsons Theory of human caring: Transpersonal Caring as the Fulcrum. Watson believed every person needs an interconnection with others and caring promotes this need. Through caring, a nurse can help the patient have balance and harmony of mind, body, and soul (Cherry & Jacob, 2014).

In the profession of Nursing, we are faced with different challenges daily. Some of the most common problem that we faced today are patient workloads, unit dynamics, new interns, difficult family members, and patient safety. I believe the most significant difficulty nurses faces today is the nurse-patient ratio. In New York, we currently do not have a legislation that sets the number of patients assigned to a nurse. The ratio is set by the administrators and nursing managers of different units. In California on the other hand; legislation has been passed in 1999 and revised on 2008 that sets the cap of nurse-patient ratio in a Medical Surgical Floor at 1:5 (Kasprak, 2004). Currently in my unit, the nurse-patient ration ranges between 1:6 to 1:8, ratios that render care that is not safe for the patient and nurses; which can result to negative patient outcomes. Meeting the needs of each patient in a 1:6 ratio is both difficult and unfair for the patient, it makes me feel that I am ignoring patients need. The Transitions Theory by Afaf Meleis which is a middle range theory and Human Needs Theory by Abraham Maslow a which is a Humanistic Theory both supports the need for regulation of Nurse-Patient ratio in New York.

The empirical pattern of knowing encompasses “the science of nursing,” (Creasia, 2011). This draws upon scientific ideas that have been established, and seeks to apply them to practice or refine them by discovering more. For instance, nursing theory is deeply seeded in the science of nursing. Florence Nightingale, a renowned nurse and nursing theorist, placed a large emphasis on change within the patient’s environment to promote healing (Creasia, 2011). This can be applied in any nursing practice, whether it means providing for fresh air, cleanliness of the patient, or enough food to meet energy needs (Creasia, 2011). Knowing the importance of these and many other factors defines the parameters of empirics within nursing.

Upon completing my undergraduate studies and beginning my nursing career, I was quick to follow a very empirical based philosophy of nursing. I often chose objective over subjective findings (McEwen, 2014, p. 11) to mark my next move in patient care. I was focused on lab values and ventilator settings, and less focused on my overall perception of the patient and his or her illness. As I have developed as a practicing nurse, my views, and consequently my actions, have shifted to represent a more interpretive view of nursing.

PART 1 What is nursing theory? How does nursing theory differ from theories of other disciplines? How does nursing theory relate to nursing practice?