Education and Health Promotion for Hispanic Children with Asthma
Asthma is a one of the most common chronic health conditions that affects children. In the United States, approximately seven million children have asthma, and the estimated cost of caring for children with poorly controlled asthma is over 50 million dollars annually (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016). In the State of Connecticut, there are approximately, 86,000 children diagnosed with asthma. A majority of children diagnosed with asthma in Connecticut, live in densely populated urban cities, live below the poverty level, and are of Hispanic descent. Hispanic children are more likely to have poorly controlled asthma, with higher emergency room (ED) visits.
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There are many factors that affect one’s ability to accept the concept of health promotion and wellness. There are social factors such as income, education, ethnicity, age, beliefs, family, location in a community, and politics that influence health. These social determinants of health impacts health outcomes for all age groups within a community. There is a strong correlation between living in an urban area, under the poverty level, and having the diagnosis of a chronic disease (Kumar & Preetha, …show more content…
Hispanic children from low income families, living in urban cities have the highest prevalence of asthma and demonstrate the worst outcomes. Barriers to effective education for the Hispanic population is language and cultural differences. Effective education for Hispanic children involves the entire family. Care givers need to understand what asthma is and strategies to manage symptoms. The provision of an AAP can reduce asthma symptoms and exacerbation by clearly stating the plan of care for the child (Hill, Graham, & Divgi, 2011). Despite an increased focus on appropriate asthma medication and self-management there is a rise in childhood asthma. The focus for health promotion globally, nationally, and locally needs to focus on best-practice asthma education for providers, evaluation of environmental triggers, and understanding of cultural differences (Alicea-Alvarez et al.,
The choice of the qualitative research as the domain of the study and of IDI and FGDs as its methods are considered appropriate, as the authors set out to explore the dimension surrounding the quantitative finding that more Puerto Rican children experience asthma than any other major ethnic groups in the country. One of the reasons for choosing qualitative research is because it will provide not only authentic and valid information, but also insights and ideas into asthma management, as experienced by the children, parents, and the families as a whole. It is through the
Healthy People 2020 (HP) has set a goal to “promote respiratory health through better prevention, detection, treatment, and education efforts.” One focus is to reduce asthma deaths among children and adults under age 35 years (Healthy People 2000, 2017). HP also recognizes that asthma has many components that can be classified as either genetic or environmental. They are working to both to improve the quality of life for those who suffer from asthma as to reduce the strain ill place on societal recourses. Assessing living situations for environmental triggers is one evidence based practice that can be initialized and then to make modifications that immediately impact the health of an asthma sufferer. Secondly, making sure medical supervision
This results in Hispanics Americans living in very tightly-knit segregated urban communities, in older housing, and lack access to healthcare that can contribute to asthma exacerbation (Bhan et al., 2015). In the State of Connecticut there is a program called, Putting on AIRS or Asthma Indoor Risk Strategies. This program designed to assess environmental risk in the homes for asthmatic children and families. The hope is to reduce the frequency of asthma-related events by identifying environmental triggers. A public health nurse experienced in asthma management, conducts asthma education in the home. There is also an assessment for environmental asthma triggers in the home such as roach infestation or mold. The program follows participants over a six-month time frame, and has been shown to significantly improve outcomes for asthmatics (Nepaul et al.,
Asthma is a respiratory disease that many people deal with every single day. “According to World Health Organization, approximately 180,000 people die from asthma each year.” (Jardins and Burton 187) Most people never think of asthma as a life threatening disease, but it can be crucial. As the number of people with asthma increases, the more likely you are to come in contact with someone who has been diagnosed with this disease. Asthma is a severe breathing problem that has many complications that is dealt with daily like shortness of breath, chronic cough, tightness of the chest and shortness of breath, my main focus is childhood asthma, allergic asthma, and medication to treat asthma.
Since asthma exacerbations in adolescence can lead to emergency room visits, hospitalizations, missed school and diminished health status, there was an evident need for effective asthma management for this population (Quaranta et al., 2014). Unfortunately, these rural adolescents with asthma, and their families, had difficulty determining when their asthma was poorly controlled; and unless the asthma symptoms were disruptive to family life, there was often little motivation for these individuals to seek medical care, thus increasing the risk of poor outcomes (Quaranta et al., 2014, p. 99). According
By age group (in years), those of the ages 18-24 have the highest prevalence of asthma which is 13.3% and ages 45-54 have the second highest prevalence of asthma that is 11.3%. Those of the ages 25-34 have a 9.8% prevalence of asthma. The ages 35-44 have a 9.7%, the ages 65-74 have a 9.6%, the ages 55-64 have a 9.4%, and lastly the ages 75 and older have an 8.2% prevalence of asthma. For gender, females have a higher prevalence of asthma (12.5%) than males (7.7%). By race/ethnicity, those who are black have the highest prevalence of asthma which is 11.8%, individuals that are defined as other than white, black, or Hispanic have the second highest prevalence which is 11.6%, Hispanics have a 11.5% prevalence, and white individuals have a 9.9% prevalence of asthma. Based on household income, those who make less than $20K per year have the highest prevalence of asthma, however; there is no trend of high to low asthma prevalence based on income. With an income of $20K per year, the asthma prevalence is 11.3%, and with an income of $35K it is a 6.6%. However, after $35K the asthma prevalence percentage begins to ride. A household income making $50K per year has a 7.4% asthma prevalence, and an income of >$75K has an 8.8%. After the >$75K there is no further information on higher incomes. Additionally, individuals who suffer from a disability
It is important to research environmental risk factors that influence asthma in low income neighborhoods to find possible ways to prevent asthma. The study “Urban Asthma and the Neighborhood Environment in New York City” proves that there is a positive correlation between neighborhoods and asthma hospitalizations.2 Children in lower income neighborhoods are more likely to be hospitalized due to asthma. Those living in lower income neighborhoods also tend to be minorities, which implies that African Americans and Latinos are more susceptible to asthma.2 Moreover, minorities are more likely to be living in public housing. The study explains that 11% of all housing units in Harlem is broken down and not suitable for living which proves that there is a positive correlation between the population of minorities and living in run-down housing and asthma related hospitalization.2
The impacts of climate on Hispanic health are further inflamed by challenges to better healthcare and medical resources. According to the US Department of Health and Human Services of Minority Health, Hispanic adults are 30% more likely to be admitted to the hospital for asthma than non-white Hispanics. Additionally, minority children are less likely than white children to be prescribed or take recommended treatments to control their asthma, and are less likely to attend outpatient appointments. Among racial and ethnic groups, Hispanics account for the largest share of the uninsured, including 12.6 million adults and nearly 3 million children as of 2011, according to The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
Communities are sometimes largely unaware that social factors rather than medical ones, such as income, and employment status, shape our health. Our health is also determined by the health and social services we receive, and our ability to attain high education levels, food and safe housing, among other factors.
Young Hispanic children experience multiple disparities in health status, insurance coverage, barriers to healthcare access and the quality of health care received. There have been multiple studies that have researched racial/ethnic disparities among adults, however few studies have examined the racial/ethnic disparities in the health care of children. The United States is experiencing a demographic surge in minority children, particularly among the youngest age groups. "Estimates indicate that, by 2030, there will be more minority children than non-Hispanic white children" (Flores, Olson & Korman, 2004, p. 192). This alarming statistic has caused a national concern. This paper will discuss the
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Bias is allowed to enter the media coverage of politics. Graber (2010) states “U.S. courts usually have held that the print media have a nearly absolute freedom to determine what they will or will not print and whose views they will present” (p.51). Generally, most Americans do not favor press freedom. However, as long as unregulated media avoids libel and slander, as well as publishing top-secret information, legal restraints cannot hamper their publishing decisions. The United States Supreme Court defines print press rights in the case of Miami Herald Publishing Company v. Tornillo (1974). The Court ruled unanimously that newspapers could print or refuse to print anything they like. The media performs four major functions for government
Many of the other health disparities among the total population throughout the United States of America are caused by complex factors, including but not limited to education, differences in income, access to health care and community conditions. Healthy People 2020 highlights the importance of addressing the social determinants of health by including “Create social and
On July 21, 1899 Ernest Miller Hemingway was born in Cicero (Oak Park), Illinois. Clarence and Grace Hemingway, Ernest’s parents, raised him and his five siblings in the suburbs and spent time at their cottage in northern Michigan. This is where Ernest learned his love of the outdoors. His father taught him to row a boat, start a fire, clean and cook a fish, make a wild-onion sandwich and handle a gun (Reef, 2009). In high school Hemingway began to write for his school newspaper Trapeze and Tabula.
Childhood asthma impacts scores of youngsters and their families. In fact, the bulk of kids develop respiratory illness before the age of