Bank-one / Rabobank
1. What is the problem? Why might investors be so concerned about the bank’s derivative use?
The problem is that Banc One’s stock price has gone down nearly 25% due to analyst and investor concern that increased derivative use has inflated key accounting margins and ratios. The derivatives (interest-rate swaps) do not show up on the balance sheet as assets/liabilities, but do show up on the income statement. Therefore, metrics such as ReturnOnAssets may not accurately reflect the underlying business.
Derivative use was concerning to investors mainly because they did not fully understand the complex swaps, and saw them as risky. Banks had not typically invested so heavily in swaps, so investors felt that Banc
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3. Why is Banc One liability-sensitive? Should it be?
Banc One is liability sensitive in that earnings are impacted conversely to interest rate movement. They chose to balance this way because CIO Dick Lodge felt that banks, due to a normally upward-sloping yield curve, are paid to be liability-sensitive.
The decision to position itself as liability-sensitive does make sense. As interest rates fall, the banks tend to lose revenue (due to prepayment of loans), even though this is when the more people will want to take loans and fewer will want to purchase CDs. So to put itself in a position to increase earnings in this case is correct to me. But the bank should not leave itself exposed to major interest rate risk, so should be close to neutral.
4. What are the bank’s alternatives for managing interest-rate exposure?
Then bank could:
a) Add fixed-rate assets to it books. For example, they could purchase fixed-rate municipal bonds or Mortgage Backed Securities.
b) Add floating-rate liabilities to its balance sheet. This may be in the form of offering floating rate bonds to customers.
c) Invest in interest swap derivatives. These synthetic investments would allow Banc One to receive fixed-rate payments, while paying out floating-rate.
d) Structure its acquisitions incorporate more liability-sensitive banks to
The conflict arise and the management felt the pressure because Eagleeye and the investors threatened them that they will sell all of their shares and large institutional will left the bank. The reason is they do not want the firm to spend too much financial capital into the growth plan. Their purpose for the bank is to become an ideal target for other companies to acquire so they can earn the profit from selling the bank.
options to obtain the needed capital and how you would approach securing this type of financing.
While financial banks were inadequately controlled by regulatory agencies, there was a necessity for fresh policies to resolve these issues. Prior to the Volcker Rule becoming implemented, the crooked financial activity done at the time had affected the clients of the banks. The complexity of the regulations caused dissatisfaction for the clients and customers and eventually affected the overall business flow of the bank institutions. There was a strong need for new procedures and restrictions before the banking industry would have another breakdown and in the worst case, cause another financial crisis within the American economy. The biggest problem during this crucial financial time included how the banking industry was consistently earning large amount of money from these high-risk trades with the institution’s own
The bank at some point received negative attention for issuing credit to arms companies, including companies like Boeing, Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Textron, Colbun, BAE Systems and EADS. Some companies within the bank’s portfolio have also been involved in environmental and labor rights violations scandals, for instance Wal-Mart and Total USA. This negative attention may lead to loss of investor confidence in the bank.
Mr. Brown readily admitted that he was not at ease discussing the most recent approaches to risk reduction or hedging. He had received his MBA from Harvard in the 1960s and had spent most of his career working for a company that had little international exposure. Moreover, he was not familiar with derivatives such as currency options, which until recently were not widely traded. However, Mr. Brown had recently hired an assistant, Mr. Dan Pross, who had some knowledge of hedging and derivatives. As a student at UCLA, Mr. Pross had traded various types of derivatives for his own portfolio and was familiar with how they were traded. Although Mr. Pross did not have a finance background, he was, in Mr. Brown’s opinion, extremely intelligent and highly capable. Mr. Brown suggested that Mr. Pross make a presentation to the senior management on the use of derivatives to reduce risk.
Unfortunately, the improvements in earnings and loan losses have not extended to Banks’ operating revenues. Banks’ operating revenues are not growing due to “lower servicing income (down $8 billion), reduced gains on loan sales (down $4.8 billion), and lower income from service charges on deposit accounts, which fell by $2.1 billion (5.9 percent).” (FDIC Quarterly, p.2)
The current ratio has slightly decreased by 0.7 cents from 4.2:1 to 3.5:1. The main reason for this trend, because the current assets contained too many accounts receivables and inventories, and even though it was no cash available in 2015. Therefore, it indicates indirectly the company liquidity was very poor. In fact, majority of companies expected a healthy current ratio of 2:1, which reflects they should be able to meet its current debts with current assets as the trend is satisfactory (Smart, Awan, & Baxter, 2013).
Many people argue on whether or not travel sports are necessary. Some people say they are a good thing because they give kids team working abilities, but others say they are bad because the people who do not make the team are left with no physical activity. Travel sports are not necessary and sports should be more of a participation thing not all about winning because, they are bad for the kids who fail to make the team. Also they are a financial burden and a big time commitment.
Though bonds provide such safety, their yields are very low and have little potential for capital appreciation in the long-run for both the issuer and receiver. Besides, the low interest-rate of bonds makes the return on holding cash virtually non-existent (Voya & Scotia, 2009). Convertible bonds, however, offer a middle ground between the safety of bonds and the upside potential, and risk, of stocks. For this firm seeking income, higher-yielding convertibles bonds are the right options they can explore. This allows for the downside protection of a
Its most competitive environment right now is its Retail and Credit card services. This unit of its business has proved to be volatile and problematic for the bank. The unit has recently won some important new alliances, including Amazon.com and Walt Disney Co. But analysts question whether growth will ever return to the levels that were considered normal in the 1990’s. According to Bear Stearns’, credit card loans is at the lowest level seen in 20 years, so there is intense competition in that industry, one reason is because home equity loans are so low that card borrowing makes less sense for consumers. While the bank has made a lot of progress fixing inherited problems, competitors who are less burdened have continued moving ahead. Many of these competitors are attacking Bank One in its core markets, including Chicago. Major players such as Bank of America and Washington Mutual are entering this market, while established competitors such as Fifth
Bank of America is a banking and financial service industry located in Charlotte, North Carolina. If you would like to access the internet address for Bank of America, then you can click on this link provided https://www.bankofamerica.com . Its primary SIC Code is 6021 – National Commercial Banks, and its primary NAICS Code is 522110 – Commercial Banking. The Bank of American provides many goods and services for its customers such as banking, credit cards, loans, and investments. Every day Bank of America is competing against many competitors but JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo are some of the largest. Bank of America’s stock exchange ticker symbol is NYSE: BAC. The external auditor is PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP in Charlotte, North Carolina.
The link between design and education. When looking at the link between design and education inside prisons there was one company that stood out, Learning works is a Company located in Marlborough who focuses on all aspects of education from helping “those with special needs and barriers, to the able, gifted and talented.” (Learning works, 2014) “Six out of Ten prisoners are illiterate” (Hilary Cottam & co. 2002) Recently Learning works have been looking at what could be the 21st centaury prison.
Before the advent of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) in 1933 and the general conception of government safety nets, the United States banking industry was quite different than it is today. Depositors assumed substantial default risk and even the slightest changes in consumer confidence could result in complete turmoil within the banking world. In addition, bank managers had almost complete discretion over operations. However, today the financial system is among the most heavily government- regulated sectors of the U.S. economy. This drastic change in public policy resulted directly from the industry’s numerous pre-regulatory failures and major disruptions that produced severe economic and social
Extensive research has determined that the banking industry is in an unstable state. The industry’s profits have
During the last 30 years, derivatives have become increasingly important and widely used in the field of finance all around the world. Their increasing values made them impossible to be ignored because they have become much bigger than the stock market when measured in terms of underlying assets in so much that Global corporations and financial intermediaries trade billions of dollars of derivative contracts on a daily basis across a range of products and markets (Batten and Wagner, 2012).