* Introduction:
The beer game is a simulation first developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Sloan School of Management in the 1960s. This game was made in other to experiment how real organisations functions, where the consequences of every decisions play out as clearly as possible in the game as they would in a real organisation (Senge, 1990). Narayanan Arunachalam (2006) described the game as a popular classroom exercise for business schools conceived at MIT with the primary purpose of demonstrating industrial dynamics. The beer game is a “laboratory replica” of a real organisational setting, helps to highlight the possible disabilities and their causes of an organisation. The beer game however in this case was created
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Figure 2: Order chart
Above is a chart showing the order levels of the Retailer, wholesaler, distributor, factory and customer. At the course of the game, due to the zero strategy, all supply chain operators had to make zero orders from week one to week 4, because demand was less than the inventory. The customer demand remained the same at 4 units until week 5. In week 5, demand from the retailer’s order rate had increased from zero to 16 while demand rose to 8 units compared to previous weeks. The orders of the wholesaler, distributor and factory remained zero in this week because they had high inventories. The decrease in inventories of the retailer resulted in the increase in order rates which was caused by a decrease in shipment which is a bullwhip effect. By week 11, all the supply chain operators had increased their order rate because their inventory levels were down. And back orders followed alongside changes in order changes which are all caused by the bullwhip effect. In week 21, the bullwhip effect were decreased which resulted to increased inventories and the zero rule coming in.
* Issues that you encountered using the zero strategy: * Increase in Backorders:
The biggest challenge we faced during the beer game was the challenge of constantly increasing backorders which can be seen in
We began our analysis by searching for bottlenecks that existed in the current system. It was easily identified that major issues existed in the ordering process. Without calculations, you could tell the reorder point was too low since the historical plots showed inventory levels at zero for two or more days at a time. The number of jobs in customer orders showed correlating spikes at the same time of the inventory outages. We reviewed the utilization and queues of the other stations in the system but were hesitant to make in immediate changes since we were not entirely certain the effects of correcting the inventory policy.
The brewing industry was once held to competition among many breweries in small geographic areas. That was almost a century ago. The U.S. brewing industry today is characterized by the dominance of three brewers, which I will talk about in this paper. There are many factors today that make the beer industry an oligopoly. Such factors include various advancements in technology (packaging, shipping and production), takeovers and mergers, economies of scale, barriers to entry, high concentration, and many other factors that I will cover in this paper. Over the course of the paper I will try to define an oligopoly, give a brief history of the brewing industry, and finally to show how the brewing industry today is an
This paper will cover a reflection of my experience with the Biz Café simulation. After reading this paper, one should have an idea of what I learned from the simulation and how it works. I will be talking about the challenges my team and I dealt with and how we overcame these challenges. Most importantly, I will be talking about how we made Coffee Connection run as a successful coffee shop. In this paper, I will also discuss my thoughts on teamwork and the significant factors of running a small business.
Additionally, forward buying activities from distributors due to frequent trade promotions and volume dis-counts enforce the effect of demand fluctuations. During promotions, distributors buy huge amounts of pasta at a lower price. This forward buying leads to lower demand in future periods and contributes to high peaks in or-der quantity and low levels of orders in the following periods. Connected to this problem is the incentive system of the sales force, which relies heavily on trade promotions in order to achieve quarterly targets. Another factor related to these aspects is batch ordering and
Raising maximum distributor order, more than customer demand is one good choice made in the three games. According to the supply chain order, the maximum distributor order totals to 15units compared to a maximum demand of 9units. These figures prove that backordering costs will not occur during business operations. Good inventory management techniques require placing adequate orders to reduce backordering costs. The cost and time of backordering affects operations and hence the need to adequate inventory to match demand changes. An average customer order of 7units compared to average distributor order of 5units points to low backordering costs. A minimum customer order of 4units means that market demand is under control from
1. What lessons do you learn from Justin’s experience in terms of the limits of some of the core strategy frameworks you learned in theory (examine for example, Michael Porter’s Five Forces and the challenges Justice faced in applying it, value chain analysis, the Resource Based View)
The customers, wholesalers and retailers may order in large quantities with the expectation that they will receive a greater allocation of products that are in short supply. The impact on the supply chain is significant as the forecasted demand is greatly, and unrealistically, increased with these inflated orders. Eventually orders disappear and cancellations pour in, making it impossible for the manufacturer to determine the real demand for its products
Along with capacity, we also made it a focus to limit the amount of overtime and second shift workers. This kept our costs down and our profit margin wider. We paid attention to our inventory on hand and made sure to not schedule more production than was needed. Towards the later rounds, we really seemed to grasp the idea of the game, which can be seen in our large increase in profitability. In the Finance portion, we borrowed money in the first five weeks to pay off our current debt. As the game got into the later rounds we began paying off our current and long term debt because our profits were increasing at a higher rate. Overall, we believe that our group had a decent understanding of the concepts as we finished with high market share and profits.
A documentary film made in 2009, Beer wars features and describes the American beer industry distinguishing between the large and small breweries. The large breweries feature some main corporate companies like Coors Brewing Company, Anheuser-Busch, and Miller Brewing Company whereas the small breweries include craft beer producers like Moonshot 69, Stone Brewing Company, Dogfish Head Brewery, Yuengling, and others. The documentary shows how the beer market is controlled through advertising and lobbying, which is harmful for the competition in the market. There is a reason why the small companies are falling behind and the large corporates are controlling the market, which in turn makes it essentially oligopoly economy.
Several attempts have been made by Boston Beer Company to continue on a growth streak but not all attempts have been successful. The main goals for Boston Beer Company are to increase revenue and continue growing in the industry. Boston Beer Company has had trouble growing as barriers of entry are low and competition is high. Even though the market has seen a slight upturn, however Boston Beer’s founder Jim Koch elaborates on the company’s dissatisfaction, “We are disappointed with our depletion trends in 2016, which have remained weak so far in 2017. These trends are affected by the general softening of the craft-beer category and cider category and a more challenging retail environment with a lot of new options for our drinkers”. (https://www.fool.com/investing/2017/02/22/boston-beer-finds-growth-the-hard-way.aspx)
In the first round of the root beer supply chain game there was a lot of confusion, mystery, and chaos; and the data showed that (Please see separate excel spreadsheet of data with mean, standard deviation, and variation calculated). Analysis of the data shows a classic bullwhip effect; the customer places an order and order fluctuations build up through the supply chain. You can also see that these effects are magnified as you get farther from the customer up the supply chain. This holds true for mean, standard deviation, and variation. Without proper communication between the supply chain, it felt like every group was working blind and three steps behind. This was due to
The quick ratio for Boston Beer Company is 1.33. A company’s quick ratio is an indicator of a company’s short-term liquidity. This ratio is a more conservative form of the current ratio because it does not take into account inventory of the company when determining its current assets. Boston Beer Company still has a favorable ratio well above 1.0. While their current ratio is much better with all the inventory, Boston Beer Company is still a reliable company that can pay off its short term debts if need be.
2) Introduction and Summary Our performance in BTM game Market structure analysis Strategies of our firm 3) Analysis of our problems in the BTM game MC and MR Plant size Price elasticity Training and process improvement advertising, product development and E-commerce 4) How to improve our performance in the future Macroeconomic analysis Competitor analysis Payoff matrix Kinked demand
Even after 2 weeks it could not fulfill V-shopper’s order. This was due to the poor floor layout and assembly table layout. The demand could not be forecasted and resulted in stock outs and expedition. Even though, the demand pattern for seasonal sales was predictable, it was difficult to predict the sales for huge discounts. This could be the Bull-Whip effect.
|What do you see as the key success factors for firms in the global beer industry? |