OVERVIEW OF BELGIUM
Belgium is located in the heart of Europe, the capital, Brussels is the political hub of the European Union and a country with limited resources, it is one of the most flourishing countries in the world. The country has a population of 10.7 million people and a GDP per capita of US $35,238. The competition policy is set by the European Union; its budget deficit attained a high of 4.3% GDP in 2010.
DETERMINANTS OF BELGUIM COMPETITIVENESS
In 2010, based on a number of determinants, Belgium as the 16th most competitive country in the world. Being a country that has constantly maintained the principle of sustainability, they have shown transparency in the commodity sector, which is heavily equipped with a well-developed
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The top notch pharmaceutical cluster in Belgium remains a marvel especially when related to its market size as compared to larger markets such as France or that of Germany, notwithstanding this, the country remains prosperous especially as a result of the affiliation with the European Union which provides for it a well structured infrastructure and beyond (strength in numbers, 2012). Belgium has a low productivity per worker and reduced labor force participation although, remaining consistent it stands comparable with Germany or that of France. One would wonder about the validity of the interconnectedness within the value chain; in Belgium however, each aspect of this chain is divided into sub activities. The research and development phase consists of drug screening, pre-clinical trials, clinical trials and the new drug approval whereas the supply chain phase deals with the manufacturing process, marketing, distribution and actual sales. Now over the last 30 years, Belgium has experienced at least 10% in annual sales growth maintaining a progressive strength. However, Canada and Europe constitute about 70% of the global sales this is not inclusive of other customers such as Asia, Africa and Latin America.
SOURCES OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE The plastics and chemical clusters are tightly linked to the pharmaceutical sector, hence creating important competitive companies. There
Belgium, a country in europe, was considered “superior” to other counties in the general area. Belgium had a lot of advanced technology compared to the Congo. For example, the Congo was very poor, it wasn't important as a developing nation, however, the Congo did have many resources, Belgium for example, became interested in the Congo's, copper, gold, diamonds, rubber, cobalt, and many more resources. Thus, a lot of european countries wanted Congo’s resources as well, as a result, twelve nations got together debated dividing these resources equally. These thirteen nations in europe comprised the Berlin Conference. However King Leopold, the “ruler” of Belgium, wanted Africa all to himself. In response, King Leopold said he was going to take
Economic: Globalization of the pharmaceutical industry is an exciting opportunity to have research and development done at cheaper prices in other countries. However, this could be a double edged sword for companies because it is easy for other countries, such as India, to produce generic versions of the drug in bulk.
2. Patent related and Generic Competition: The developed countries like US and Europe have strong patent protection laws which gives a lot of benefits for the pharmaceutical companies. But, the patent
U.S. based companies hold rights to most of the world’s rights on new medicines and holds thousands of new products currently being developed. As of 2012, the industry helps support almost 3.4 million jobs in the U.S. economy. It is also one of the most heavily R&D based industries in the world. In the United States, the environment for pharmaceuticals is much friendlier than other countries around the world in terms of pricing ability and regulations. Both the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology industries have experienced significant growth in the past year with year-over-year increases of 13.02% and 34.69% respectively. It is an even more striking when looking at the past five years considering both have beat out the S&P 500 with pharmaceuticals increasing an additional 31.44% and the biotechnology sector besting an astonishing 269.3% more return than the
Five of the top ten pharmaceutical companies are located in the United States and the other five are European companies, all of these companies combined, employ approximately 787,000 people. The ranking of the following pharmaceutical companies are based on
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium is a sovereign state in Western Europe. Belgium is one of 28 members of NATO, which is based in Brussels, Belgium. They are basically all allies, when a country attacks a member everyone else helps defend that country. Belgium is also a founder of the European Union. It has a Constitutional Monarchy is a type of government in which governing powers of the monarch are restricted by a constitution. The closest allies to Iceland are Norway, Canada and the United States.
New Belgium’s revenues for last year totaled 111 million dollars. This represents a 16% growth from the previous year.
Not all businesses are well received in their local communities. Therefore, selecting the right location is critical in the acceptance of the community. New Belgium continues to grow, and they are interested in opening the third brewery to join its Fort Collins and Asheville location. As Chief Operating Office one has been asked to prepare a list of pros and cons on opening a third brewery. The essential items that would be on one’s list are location, culture, and staffing needs.
Joseph Dumit announces how pharmaceutical organizations are exploiting us shoppers, control with showcasing procedures and making it so we return for more solution. These brings up the issue do pharmaceuticals have our best enthusiasm to make us more beneficial or are they just in it for the cash. Dumit states that in 2011 pharmaceuticals made about $880 billion dollars and is relied upon to grow 5% consistently later on (18). Dumit thinks something is wrong with these organizations and takes a gander at the ceaseless development in medications, conclusion, expenses and weakness, he adopted the strategy to take after cash and following associations between the benefits of organizations and ailment extension (10). Dumit opens eyes; he conveys
Legally, a country has full rights to the natural resources present within its borders. However, this right has not always been respected by other countries in the past; and in some cases, the present. Many nations have had their resources taken away forcibly, either by colonialists or plundering invaders. This often leads to the pauperization of the general populace and the fall of the nation’s economy. The Kingdom of Belgium (hereinafter Belgium) itself has suffered in such a way when Belgium was invaded by the Prussian Empire. Belgium’s natural resources were stripped and its populace humiliated.
From 2002 to 2010, New Belgium distributed in only 16 states; by 2010, it had become the third-largest craft brewer in the country and the seventh-overall largest brewer in the United States. [2]
In pharma industry the raw materials mainly consist of organic chemicals. The need of different organic chemicals depends on the chemical formulae of drug. Pharmaceutical industry depends on various different organic chemicals for the production of end drugs. The chemical industry itself is very competitive and also very fragmented because their products (organic chemicals) are standardized and steps to produce them are also standardized. The chemicals used in pharma industry are commodity as pharmaceutical companies do production on economies of scale to lower the cost. The suppliers have low bargaining power because companies can switch to a new supplier without incurring a high cost. But there is a threat from supplier if it decides to go for forward integration and become a pharma industry
The research and development of the pharmaceutical industry is very important as the industry relies on it to develop new products to maintain and sustain the growth of the industry (ALRC 2014). According to the Australian Government Law Reform Commission, every year, the total spending in research and development in pharmaceutical industry, which includes drug discovery, pre-clinical testing and clinical trials on drugs is around $300 million (ALRC 2014). Mergers and acquisitions are intensifying in the global pharmaceutical industry, especially over the last 10 years. With factors like exorbitant research and development costs, the relatively shorter product life cycles, and the rarity of discovering a new life-changing drug acting as catalysts, leading pharmaceutical companies now have more cause to step out and look for external collaboration. This results in an increasing number of smaller biotechnology companies merging with bigger pharmaceutical companies (The
This report provides an analytical strategic review of the global pharmaceutical industry; its origin, evolution,
As the pharmaceutical giants from US, Germany and Japan take advantage of the knowledge clusters in China, India and Singapore, the domestic firms in these emerging economies also catch up through the knowledge spillovers and human resource poaching.