The Influence of Machines in Michael Ondaatje’s The Collected Works of Billy the Kid
Have you ever noticed the use of machines in the Western genre before? If so, wasn’t it violent? Whether it is not being able to capture essence in photographs, visually describing the use of guns, or referencing to pencils in the text, poets are able to effectively communicate their ideas and central messages to readers by incorporating all necessary elements. These aspects allow the reader to be drawn in and view society from a different perspective. Michael Ondaatje’s use of imagery in The Collected Works of Billy the Kid explores and demonstrates how machines affect the way readers view and interpret Western society. Firstly, pencils are used to
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Although cameras are machines used to capture a moment, Ondaatje argues that they do not accurately portray a person’s essence and their true self. To know someone’s genuine character, one must interact with them, rather than only viewing them through “ground glass or tripod” or the stories told through another person’s perspective. “Ground glass” represents camera’s lenses, a filter altering reality to fit the desired perception of a moment. Cameras are machines that influence someone’s perspective, rather than providing the true nature. Readers typically view Western society as an unknown wild land with no laws, but is it really so? Ondaatje’s use of cameras as a machine questions this notion and shows that cameras and images are only a biased representation of someone and how they want to be perceived. Furthermore, guns are used to heighten the effect of a typical Western setting, yet they demonstrate a different and a deeper connection to the characters. The text displays how the guns personally influence and affect Billy as well as the secondary characters. In a barn scene, Billy acts erratically. Ondaatje explicitly uses a metaphor such as “filled my gun and fired and fired… the smoke sucked out of the window as it emerged from my fist… for the floating bullet” (14-15). This presents a comparison of Billy’s fist to a smoking gun. Also, Ondaatje’s use of the word “fist” embodies violent imagery, which is efficiently used to
Billy the Kid is one of the most famous outlaws in American history. He has been a widely told figure in American history as well as folklore. The have made movies from his history and have also wrote many books on him. Most of Billy the Kids life remains a heated controversy throughout America.
On October 1st, 1946 the author Tim O'Brien was born. He was born into a very tense America, due to the fact World War 2 was freshly over nearly a year before. Later on being drafted into the Vietnam war where the story "Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy?" Came from. In this story Tim O'Brien reflected his life in the story, and by doing so, he created a tense mood and used it to exploit the idea of fear. He does so by recreating his own experiences from the war and portraying into the story. The fact that the events are real in this story allows him to put a certain tone of edginess and danger to the text.
For this essay the works of Robert Draper, author of “Why Photos Matter,” and Fred Ritchen, author of “Photography Changes the Way News is Reported,” will be analyzed. Though both deal with the topic of photography, their take on the matter is very different. While Ritchen is a photographer who writes on “what professional photographers will be doing in the future,” Draper is a writer for the National Geographic writing on how the photographers of the magazine share “a hunger for the unknown.” Both writers, however, write on the topic of photographers having a deeper understanding of their subjects, Ritchen due to research and practice, and Draper because the photographers “sit [with] their subjects, just listening to them.” In both essays the need for a deeper understanding of the
Documentarians often want to get as close to their subject matter as possible. Some documentarians have an insider perspective which ignites a spark to create a piece that illuminates a specific topic or area of study. There are also documentarians that have no affiliation with said subject matter, but want to explore the topic in question. Finally, there are documentarians that have a foot in both worlds. Insider/outsider is a theory in which a documentarian can be close to a subject, but also possess characteristics or traits that make them distant from the topic in question (Coles, 1998). Such is the case with the directors of both Stranger with a Camera and The House I Live In. Due to their own location, both Eugene Jarecki and Elizabeth Barret exhibit characteristics that make them fall into the insider/outsider roles as directors. Robert Coles defines location by stating, “We notice what we notice because of who we are” (Coles, 1998, p. 7). Included in this is, a person’s education, race, class, and gender. Both directors realize they are outsiders and utilize a lens into a world in which they are not otherwise a part of. Jarecki’s lens comes in the form of Nanny Jeter, his family’s nanny from when he was a child. Barret’s lens for her documentary is the community that she shared with Ison. The two directors enter into a world that they are not a part of because of their location, but forge a connection to the subject matter through means of a lens.
John Boyne has created a sophisticated and meaningful novel in The Boy in the Striped
It is often taught that to be persuasive, one must be clear and logical. In “The Wheelchair Butterfly,” James Tate takes a completely different approach; instead, he utilizes chaos to further his meaning and connect with a specific readership. Largely, it is Tate’s structure that reflects this chaos, and the meticulous arrangement of “The Wheelchair Butterfly” signifies that its setting and occurrences portray something more sinister than a bizarre and moderately grotesque town. Tate’s target readers for this elaborate, empathetically chaotic poem must be educated enough to be able to parse through his imagery, open to self-examination, and part of a society in a time of elevated social and political conflict. Thus, Tate gesticulates towards the hidden, systematic corruption common of societies with elevated social conflicts in a way that connects with the conflicted feelings his specific readership might feel towards this corruption in their own lives using elements of structure such as surreal imagery, enjambment, and simile. Using these elements, Tate attempts to relate to his readers by distracting them, creating a confusion versus clarity disparity, and transforming the nature of their concerns to make them softer and more acceptable. Because Tate’s target readers will attempt to decipher the poem’s hectic contents, these factors give readers an opportunity to examine themselves along with the poem. This highly empathetic and unconventional approach, similarly seen in Frank O’Hara’s “A Step Away From Them,” has its successes as well as its downfalls, mostly in terms of its range of readership. Though poems more explicit about their intentions, such as Lucille Clifton’s “[i am accused of tending to the past],” may be more accessible to a greater number of readers, some level of empathy is lost in their candor. The key difference between Tate and O’Hara’s poems versus Clifton’s poem, then, is a matter of being understood by a wide range of readers versus being compelling to a small group of readers. ?
Nearly all literary works have some use of imagery within their many pages of text; however, Schlosser is able to use imagery in an extraordinary way. His use of imagery is unlike any other. For instance, this spectacular use of imagery can be seen when he states, “The sounds get louder, factory
way up to his cell. Bob Olinger died with 36 buckshot in his belly. Billy mounted his horse, rode out of town without a single confrontation, and the Kid was free once agian.
In an article entitled “The All- Seeing Public Eye” in Berkeley City College, Derek Wallace discusses cameras and recording skills beyond personal experiences. Wallace maintains that it’s necessary to utilize the resources as cameras and videotapes properly, because it has huge power over society, that using in a better way it could collaborate to change weaknesses that this world has. Moreover, he argues that cameras are special tools in political matters that people have the dominions and should be them in a way that it helps themselves and not politicians and media stream. Finally, Wallace concludes that people have a big instrument over their hands, and it good uses could help to transform the world.
Billy the kid is a criminal responsible for 21 deaths. If you see him, henry mccarty or william H.bonney tell the police immediately as they are all the same person.
The story One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest brings forth images such as insane asylums, crazy people, and a nurse with a personality so large that you feel her control, even when she doesn’t exist. Ken Kesey uses images such as these not just to compel the reader, but create questions surrounding the story’s main characters, as well as reveal specific meaning to how the ward works, and how the patients interact with one another. Through the use of mechanical imagery, Ken Kesey shows readers how each of the devices on the ward carries a specific meaning or symbol, as well as how the main characters react to each of the items of machinery.
“This scene not only expresses Billy’s rage, it visually represents his childhood. Billy is blocked by barriers of gender, class, and
“Our society is not one of spectacle, but of surveillance; under the surface of images, one invests bodies in depth; behind the great abstraction of exchange, there continues the meticulous concrete training of useful forces; the circuits of communication are the supports of an accumulation and a centralization of knowledge; the play of signs defines the anchorages of power; it is not that the beautiful totality of the individual is amputated, repressed, altered by our social order, it is rather that the individual is carefully fabricated in it, according to a whole technique of forces and bodies. (pp.333-34)”
McCarthy describes the Kid as a savage animal rather than a sympathetic protagonist. Yet instead of representing an ideal hero, the Kid is shown to savage, uncaring, and inhuman. The first description of the Kid as a child and of the night of his birth. He is described as “incubat[ing] in [his mother’s] bosom…who would carry [his mother] off” and that he already has “a taste for mindless violence” (1). To “incubate” refers to dormancy, usually applied to viruses developing inside a host. In calling the kid a creature that “incubates” in the womb portrays him as a virus, an unfeeling entity existing to cause disease regardless of the person. Emphasizing this concept of detachment is the phrase “carry her off”. The Kid is described to have
The Private Eye explores society's views on technology by contradicting what the reader may expect with its portrayal of a society that is strongly opposed to, and fears, current world views and attitudes towards technology. Fear drove the people of The Private Eye in a whole new direction technologically with it’s use of masks and other appearance changing devices and, while it would be easy to say this is true because it’s practical in their world, there’s more to it in a way that mirrors today’s thoughts on technology and its potentials. The people of the story gravitate towards what they know and, while accepting some new technologies like futuristic masks, reject anything that breaks the rules of what they think is human.