Bio 205 Workshop 2

The purpose of this lab was to identify two unknown bacteria from a mixed culture. The reason for identification of unknown bacteria was to help students recognize different bacteria through different biochemical tests and characteristics. This is important in the medical field because identification of unknown bacteria can help treat a patient by knowing the contributing source of a disease. Also knowledge of different bacteria helped others make antibiotics used today. This lab was completed by using the methods learned thus far in identification of bacteria.

They have parts that are found in red algae and that part is called Prochlorococcus.

In order to convert algae to biomass we have to first understand what algae is. There are two main categories of algae, microalgae and macroalgae. Microalgae are unicellular organisms that use photosynthesis to produce biochemicals. They can live individually, or in masses (macroalgae) which are the many forms of seaweed. Microalgae have been on the planet as one of the

They can inhabit a wide variety of substrates hence, they are widely distributed, and are found in an extensive array of habitats (6). The genus Aspergillus is the most common cause of otomycosis which comprises approximately 75% of the cases, with Aspergillus niger being the most common species and less common are the Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigates

Euglena is part of the Euglenozoa clade and have animal and plant characteristics. The ability for Euglena to be able to interchange from being an autotroph and a heterotroph is referred to as being mixotropic. This genus exhibits all of the unique characteristics of the Euglenozoa clade such as: being unicellular and having flagella and chloroplasts. The flagella are located on the anterior of this organism, and are used for locomotion and heterotrophic feeding by engulfing their prey via phagocytosis. The chloroplast contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis, which helps the organism with autotrophic feeding. Euglena is photosynthetic and exhibits positive phototaxis behavior because they move towards light rather than away

1.) Explain how the Chlamydomonas, Pandorina and Volvox alga demonstrate the differences between unicellular organisms, colonial organisms and true multicellular organisms. (What are the key differences)

2001). Of the three, S. cardinale is the most pathogenic, producing the most seiridins (fungal metabolites that are toxic to trees), and is most commonly associated with cypress canker in the literature (for this reason I will focus on S. cardinale during the remainder of this review) (Graniti 1998).

Fungi such as mushroom, molds, and yeasts are eukaryotic cells with a true nucleus. Most fungi are multicellular and their cell wall is composed of chitin. They obtain nutrients by absorbing organic material from their environment decomposers, through symbiotic relationships with plants (symbionts), or harmful relationships with a host (parasites). They form characteristic filamentous tubes called hyphae that help absorb material. The collection of hyphae is called mycelium. Fungi reproduce by releasing spores.

The soilborne Basidiomycete fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn [telomorph= Thanatephorus cucumeris] is reported to cause economically important diseases on vegetables, fruits, staple crops and ornamental plants throughout the world (Jones and Belmar, 1989; Naito et al., 1995; Yang et al., 1990). The systematic of R. solani has been studied using morphological (Warcup et al., 1966; Sneh et al., 1991) and molecular characters (Vilgalys and Gonzalez, 1990; Vilgalys and Cubeta, 1994). Some most common and speculiar features of Rhizoctonia like branching at right-angle, a constriction at the branch point, a septation in the branch hypha near its point of origin and presence of dolipore

Algae is one of the most diverse and interesting organisms on the planet. This is because there are over 10,000 unrelated species of organisms that contain chlorophyll and live in large bodies of water or moist land. Keeping a count of population size gives us a good indication of how certain species grow and interact with one another. By using two different species of Algae we can determine what types of interactions the two can encounter. The two species tested were Closterium and Micrasterias algae. We labeled them as species 1 and 2. The purpose of this lab is to determine whether the selected algae species will demonstrate competition or resource partitioning with the coexistence of each other versus alone. At the end of this lab we should be able to determine which species upheld the best under all of these circumstances.

Algae is everywhere aquatic so it has any shape or form. Algae is usually identified as sheets of green, it is not the case as algae has many colors. Red, orange, brown, and yellow are some colors algae can be. It grows in the sea, fresh water, you name it. It can grow in small patches or a huge old sheet of it if there’s not so many fish to eat it and the water is very nutritious. It grows on the surface layers of water. It can grow on the beaked sea snake and pretty much every fish, object, skeleton, whatever in the ocean. Algae can spread throughout water by waves, objects, or animals.

diseases in addition to physiological disorder. However, fungal diseases, especially rust is considered one of the major destructive diseases affecting the crop yield (Hagedron, 1984 and Kraft, and Pfleger, 2001), especially in the north and middle parts of the Delta in Egypt and several countries in the world (Abada et al., 1997; Gupta and Shayam, 1998 and Parilli et al., 2015).

Fusarium spp., including F. verticillioides, F. semitectum, F. oxysporum, F. solani, and F. sporotrichoides. Nevertheless, fungi of one species may have different pathogenic levels, it is reported that, F. semitectum and F. verticillioides have the biggest pathogenicity (Lassois et al. 2010).

Pests and diseases can be devastating and their control in mushroom is a constant cost which is involved and complicated.

Mycology is the branch of biology deals with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical behavior, their taxonomy, identification and their use to humans as a source for medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as poisoning or infection. Mycology had its history from the old times, it is presumed that humans collect fungi from prehistoric times. Fungi are group of eukaryotic microorganism that has the capability to decompose the organic matter and so called as scavengers. Water borne conidial fungi, previously known as Hyphomycetes represent the major microbial elements of decaying leaves in running fresh water. These fungi are characterized by their magnificent conidial types.