Bipolar Disorder : Psychological Trauma And Neurobiological Abnormalities

Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness that is characterized by changes in mood. It can lead to risky behavior, damage relationships and careers, and even suicidal outcomes if it’s not treated. Bipolar disorder is more common in older teenagers and young adults, it can affect children as young as 6. Women experience more periods of depression than men. More remains to be learned about this condition that affects millions of people.

Bipolar Disorder or manic-depressive disorder is a disorder characterized by highs, manias, and lows, depressions, and can therefore be easily distinguished from unipolar depression, a major depressive disorder in DSM-5, by the presence of manic or hypomanic episodes (Miklowitz & Gitlin, 2014). Bipolar disorder is generally an episodic, lifelong illness with a variable course (American Psychiatric Association, 2010). There are two classifications of bipolar disorder; bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder. If the episodes are primarily manic but there has been at least one depressive episode, the diagnosis is bipolar I disorder (Early, 2009). If the episodes are primarily depressed but there has been at least one episode of hypomania, increased mood that is more euphoric than normal but not quite manic, the diagnosis is bipolar II disorder (Early, 2009).

Bipolar Disorder is a mental illness, which involves hypomanic episodes, which are changes in someone’s usual mood. Originally, Bipolar Disorder was called manic depression because it does share similar symptoms with people diagnosed with depression. Bipolar Disorder is a severe condition because it can cause mania, which then causes hallucinations and paranoid rage. (Bipolar Disorder) Bipolar Disorder is classified into two categories, bipolar type 1 and bipolar type 2. Bipolar type 2 is more serious because there is more major depression episodes. (Bipolar Disorder) A study done by Revista Brasileria de Psiquitra, shows a higher prevalence of Bipolar Disorder type 1 but overall both are pretty low in the general population. (Clemente)

Typically, a person experiences a spectrum of emotions both negative and positive, but they stay within a normal range. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that describes when a person has “extreme mood swings… which typically shift between the heights of elation to the depths of depression.” (Nevid, Rathus, and Greene, 2013) Generally, a person suffering from Bipolar disorder will experience spurts of elation, or happiness, this is usually called the “manic period.” On the other hand, the person will also incur periods of depression, sometimes as severe as committing suicide. Bipolar disorder is categorized in two groups: Bipolar I and Bipolar II. The difference is whether or not the person manic episodes. For Bipolar II, a person must have a hypomanic episode which is a manic episode that is less intense and lasts for a shorter period of time. The bipolar spectrum consists of four main forms: bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorder, and bipolar disorder that cannot be classified. Bipolar I disorder requires a person to have at least one manic episode lasting seven days or more as well as depressive episodes that outnumber the manic episodes three to one. Bipolar II disorder is often misdiagnosed as unipolar depression because the person experiences hypomanic episodes that are less severe and shorter than regular manic episodes. The depressive episodes outnumber the hypomanic forty to one. Cyclothymic disorder

Bipolar disorder (BPD) is known to be a serious mental condition. Bipolar disorder is also classified as manic-depressive disorder. It is characterized as malfunction with the brain by mood changes that includes a persistent increasing activity or energy levels. This serious condition is first diagnosed in young adults or adolescence.

Bipolar disorder is a common, recurrent, and overwhelming mood disorder, which causes extreme shifts in activity levels, mood, energy and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. This type of disorder does not only affect one group of people; it holds no prejudice. Bipolar disorder can sometimes be linked with several other disorders, including panic disorder, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and substance dependence. Many people assume that bipolar disorder only affects mood, which is incorrect. In fact, bipolar disorder also affects your energy level, judgment, memory, concentration, sleeping patterns, self-esteem and appetite. The first signs of this disorder usually appear in adolescence and early adulthood, with cases rarely occurring in childhood. No conclusions have been made to indicate a difference among those of different race or culture. There are many symptoms that a person is bipolar, but many are over-looked because they are seen as “normal”. This essay will discuss the primary causes of bipolar disorder, the genetic roots, study its symptoms and the different forms that it takes, look into its treatments, and examine possible cures.

involves severe mood swings in an individual. It is a lifetime condition that needs to be

Bipolar is a brain disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness. It causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, and the ability to do everyday tasks. People with this can have damaged relationships, poor performance in jobs or school, and even attempts of suicide. Scientists have not found one specific cause of bipolar disorder, they believe that it could be caused by many factors. Bipolar disorder tends to run in families, but even if there is a family background, it does not mean you are bound to get it.

Bipolar disorder is a confusing condition especially from an outside point of view. Bipolar disorder is a disorder in which your moods vary from manic highs to very low lows. Having bipolar is a mental struggle added to people's lives that can be scary and harder for others to cope with. Bipolar disorder is very hard to live with, it is hard to live with because it can affect you mentally, emotionally, and physically

Presently, there is a general consensus that indicates bipolar disorder is predominantly a biological disorder that stems from a malfunction of neurotransmitters within the brain; specifically an imbalance of dopamine and GABA (Salvadore, 2010). Furthermore, recent evidence

Bipolar Disorder is described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5) as a mood disorder with manic symptoms. Individuals with the disorder may swing between periods of depression and mania. Bipolar disorder has subtypes characterized by the frequency and intensity of manic and depressive episodes. Onset typically occurs when one is a young adult, but can often occur during the early teen years.

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, it is a brain disorder that causes shifts in mood, a person’s energy level, their activity levels, and their ability to carry out the day-to-day tasks. Symptoms of bipolar disorder can be very severe. They can be different from life’s normal ups and downs that everyone goes through time to time. Bipolar disorder symptoms may result in damaged relationships, poor job, or school performance, and even as far as suicide. Bipolar disorder can be treated in different form. People with bipolar disorder illness can lead full and very productive lives.

Bipolar Disorder is a common topic talked about in society. Bipolar Disorder is associated with many symptoms that have an effect on the body. According to Facts (1998) at least two million Americans suffer from bipolar disorders. Sufferers that have bipolar disorders may have visited many doctors and spend at least 8 years or more with their doctor in order to receive the correct treatment for their disorder (Facts 1998). This paper will analyze observations from scholarly articles about the effects of bipolar disorders on children and adults who face bipolar disorders in their everyday life. This paper will also consider the types of treatments that patients with bipolar disorders have to get treated with and how long it takes for the treatments to show behavioral progress. Lastly this paper will also describe how emotional abuse affects sufferers’ behavior.

Bipolar disorder is defined as a mood disorder that causes drastic emotional changes and mood swings. These mood swings can range from manic highs, to depressive lows. It is also characterized by severe changes in mood. Bipolar