Sixteen adult local bucks between (18-24) months of age and (25¬±3.8) kg body weight. Animals were allocated randomly and equally into two treatment groups the first group was castrated with injected (5) ml of 3% formalin. The second group was castrated by double bilateral ligations of the vascular part of the spermatic cord. All bucks were clinically examined and confirmed to be free from any obvious abnormalities of the palpable reproductive organs. The animals were restrained in lateral recumbency with the help of xylazine hydrochloride 2% at dose rate of (0.05 mg/kg) injected IM. Then local anesthetic, lidocaine hydrochloride 2% at a dose rate of (0.6 mg/kg) via S/C., infiltrated at the sites according to the method described by (Thurmon …show more content…
The same technique was repeated on the contra-lateral testis. (Fig.1). In double bilateral ligations of the vascular part of the spermatic cord group, buck was carefully draped with sterile drapes to maintain an aseptic surgical field. A straight incision approximately 1.0 to 1.5 cm. long is first made through the skin covering the spermatic cord. Blunt dissection is made to separate the spermatic cord from the surrounding structures. Then the cord is exteriorized through the skin incision by curved artery forceps and tunica vaginitis is opened to expose the testicular vessels. The testicular artery and veins were identified and double transfixation ligatures are placed around the testicular vessels at two points about (2 cm) apart with non-absorbable suture material such as silk (size 1) (Fig.2). The tunica vaginitis is restitched with fine absorbable suture material (cat gut size 3/0). Finally the skin is closed by silk with 3-4 stitches of simple interrupted pattern. The same technique is repeated on another cord. Testicular biopsies were harvested and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and passed routinely to prepare histopathological sections and were stained with
There is a variety of method which allows the separation of sperm but very few of these have withstood scientific checks which prove they work.
"Clinical tests have demonstrated that individuals who experience the ill effects of spermafortis have sperm counts near a thousand times more powerful and rich in spermatozoids than the normal man," he clarifies. "This sort of semen is genuinely like of those warm blooded animals, for example, dolphins, manatees and seals and has properties that make it unfathomably impervious to water. This condition could clarify what happened for this situation yet clinical trials and further tests would be expected to demonstrate this hypothesis," he told neighborhood reporters.
This complex organ can be found in upper right side of the abdomen. It is unique because it is a dual functioning organ. The first function is to control the body’s blood sugar level. The second function is to secrete insulin and glucagon. Lastly, I studied the testes of the fetal pig, which I found at the end of the scrotum under the skin. The teste are a key part in the process of secreting testosterone. After completing this section I began to dissect the last system of the pig.
The testes are the gamete-producing organs of the male reproductive system. 3. Ejaculation is the forceful expulsion of semen from the penis. 4. Seminiferous tubules are the specialized compartments of the testes in which sperm are produced.
Although grave robbing was not as large an issue after the passing of the Anatomy Act, the field still had its darkest times ahead. During the 19th and early 20th century, anatomists took advantage of the most disadvantaged sections of society including the mentally ill, people of color and poor immigrants (Cutter 2002, Halperin 2007). While these atrocities are worth remembering, anatomy truly reached its lowest point during the regime of the National Socialist Party. Corpses from concentration camps, mental facilities, and prisons were all sent to aid in research and teaching (Kaiser 2013). Throughout history, anatomists have put their morals aside for the sake of scientific advancement, but it is clear that this reached its most inexcusable
Introducing my favorite comic book of all time, It could be yours too! Let's just say that it is full of brutal action. After all they are high school kids; damaged and dangerous. Not old enough to vote or drink? Think again.
Semen is the male reproductive fluid, containing spermatozoa in suspension. Sperm is a male reproductive cell. Prostate is a gland surrounding the neck of the bladder in male mammals and releasing prostatic fluid. Urethra is a duct by which urine is convey out of the body from the bladder, and which in male vertebrates also conveys semen. Penis is the male genital organ of higher vertebrates, carrying the duct for the transfer of sperm during copulation. Glans is the head of a penis. A shaft is the cylindrical part of the penis between the scrotum and head. Seminiferous tubules is any of the numerous long convoluted tubules in the testis which are the sites where spermatozoa mature. Seminal vesicles is each of a pair of glands that open into the vas deferens near its junction with the urethra and secrete many of the components of semen. Bladder is a membranous sac in human and other animals, which urine is collected for excretion.
As you read this, have you have considered how your eyes work or how your fingers hold the paper or move across the keyboard? The most interesting thing I learned this past year is how muscles function. I learned how the troponin and myosin strands works and calcium’s vital role in relaxing muscles. I explored this physically when dissecting a cow’s heart. I had not previously considered how I perform everyday tasks and this relevant information captivated me.
The main of the study was to determine and confirm various etiological aspects of different swellings of scrotum. Also the study various modes of presentations, relative incidence and diagnostic procedures for swellings of
The heart dissection lab was a great way to learn the different slices for imaging the heart. I found this lab to be very helpful and enjoyable. Interactive learning processes like the heart dissection help give me a better perspective on the image slices. I am a kinesthetic learner and gain more knowledge when I am performing the task rather than listening or reading the information.
The patient was brought to the operating room and placed on the table in a supine position. After induction of adequate general anesthesia, patient was prepped and draped in a sterile fashion. Curvilinear incision was made superior and lateral to the os pubis and carried it down through the skin and subcutaneous tissue on the right. External oblique was identified and opened in direction of the fibers. Once this was done, the spermatic cord was elevated using a Penrose drain. There was a fair amount of scarring and a large lipoma of the cord, which obstructed visualization. The lipoma was carefully dissected away from the cord and the cord structures down to the level of the internal ring and then imbricated. Once this was done, the cord was inspected no evidence of
The testes are two ovular organs found in the male reproductive system. They are held in place by a spermatic cord, which is a collection of vessels, nerves and ducts that run from more than one part of the testes. The testes function to create the hormone testosterone; a primary male sex hormone which generates the production of sperm. The seminiferous tubules which are located in the testes are responsible for the production of sperm cells, and the sperm made in this process line the tubules until they reach maturity and are released into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule.
Matsumoto AM 2001 The Testis. I n: Felig P, Frohman LA eds. E ndocrinology and Metabolism. 4th ed ed. N ew York,NY: McGraw-Hill;
Excessive androgen levels in the female may affect primary sexual characteristics by masculinizing the fetal external genitalia to produce female pseudohermaphroditism or secondary sexual characteristics by inducing changes similar to those characteristic of male puberty to produce virilization. Therefore, female pseudohermaphroditism is a condition in which the gonadal sex is female, but the external genitalia are masculinized. Ambiguous female genitalia occur only when excessive androgens are present during fetal life, and the degree of masculinization is dependent on the timing of exposure to these androgens. If the fetus is exposed after the 12th week, when the vagina and urethra have separated, only clitoral hypertrophy occurs. If androgen
It is common for the semen of 2-3 bulls to be used to ensure at least one quality sample to produce a pregnancy. In the instance that multiple donors are used, parentage is confirmed via DNA analysis. Most frequently, nonsurgical insemination is performed. This method calls for a trained and accommodating elephant as a large bore cannula is inserted into the lower urogenital tract. A 3m endoscope is inserted through the cannula and conducted to the hymen in first time mothers and the cervix or uterine horn of a cow that has calved. A small insemination cannula is used to deposit semen into the vagina, threaded through the hymen in nulliparous cows. In parous cows the semen may be deposited further into the uterus.14 Surgical insemination