Global Production, Outsourcing, and Logistics
Chapter Outline
OPENING CASE: Building the Boeing 787
INTRODUCTION
STRATEGY, PRODUCTION AND LOGISTICS
WHERE TO PRODUCE
Country Factors Management Focus: Philips in China Technological Factors Product Factors Locating Production Facilities
THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF FOREIGN FACTORIES
Management Focus: Hewlett Packard in Singapore
OUTSOURCING PRODUCTION: MAKE-OR-BUY DECISIONS
The Advantages of Make The Advantages of Buy Trade-offs Strategic Alliances with Suppliers
MANAGING A GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN
The Role of Just-in-Time Inventory The Role of Information Technology and the Internet
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ANSWER 2: Boeing ran into problems with its global supply chain when suppliers failed to deliver parts on schedule. Many students will probably suggest that if Boeing wants to string together a supply chain consisting of unrelated companies located in various parts of the world, it need to make management of that supply chain a top priority. Boeing was contending with various types of problems including poor quality components, incorrect installation of parts, secondary outsourcing, and so on. Students will probably suggest that if Boeing had been on top of these types of issues earlier in the process, it might have been in a better position to take steps to mitigate their effect on the entire supply chain.
Teaching Tip: To learn more about Boeing go to {http://www.boeing.com/}.
Lecture Note: To extend this discussion, consider {http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/content/sep2007/db2007095_956348.htm?chan=search}and {http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/content/apr2008/db2008043_948354.htm?chan=search}.
Chapter Outline with Lecture Notes, Video Notes, and Teaching Tips
Introduction
A) In this chapter we look at five questions: • Where in the world should productive activities be located? • What should be the long-term strategic role of foreign production sites? • Should the firm own foreign production activities, or is it better to outsource those
Outsourced almost 87% of production activities involving spare parts while maintaining core competencies like R&D, design, quality control and key trademark
Seventy percent of the aircraft’s production and designing was outsourced to over fifty Tier 1 suppliers compared with only thirty-five to fifty percent that was traditionally outsourced in the production of other aircrafts (S. Tang and D.Zimmerman, 2009: 77). In late 2008, over twenty-seven thousand Boeing employees went on strike due to the company’s outsourcing policies and what its effects on job security (Doornbos n.d.). The strike lasted for fifty-seven days and it would cost Boeing a total of three months in production time, an estimated $100 million a day in revenue, and approximately $7 million a day in net income (Isidore
* Aside from maximizing profits, list the key factors that managers should consider when deciding whether or not to outsource offshore. Determine the key factors that you believe to be the most influential. Provide a rationale for your response.
The Boeing Company (NYSE:BA) was founded July 15th, 1916. Boeing is one of the world’s largest producers of aircraft and aerospace systems, producing both commercial jets and defense, as well as space and security systems. Boeing’s operations are extensive and widespread, and can be located throughout more than 150 countries around the world.
1. How would you describe Boeing’s approach to project management? What are its strengths and weaknesses?
The primary inputs to the airline industry include airplanes, labor and fuel. There are only two major manufacturers (three at the time of the case – Boeing, Airbus and McDonnell Douglas) for large commercial aircraft. This, along with the relationship specific
In order to evaluate the prospective IRRs from the Boeing 7E7, we first try to estimate an appropriate required rate of return for accepting this project. The capital asset pricing model is applied to estimate the cost of equity of the commercial aircraft division:
1.) In early 2003, Boeing announced plans to design and sell an airliner named the 7E7. Boeing aimed for the 7E7 to be more fuel efficient, carry between 200 and 250 passengers, able to accomplish both domestic and international flights, as well as be 10% cheaper to operate than Airbus’s A330-200 aircraft. All of these attributes were attractive to Boeing but would come at significant costs. To accomplish these attributes, Boeing proposed to construct the aircraft
Boeing was recently faced with the scandals which hurt the reputation of Boeing. The top management recognized the problem and tried to figure it out by effective management strategies.
This is a case about three different companies dedicated to the manufacturing of aircrafts. Those three major companies are: Boeing, Airbus Industry and McDonnell Douglas; each of one was struggling to produce enough aircraft to satisfy a seemingly unquenchable need for passenger and freight transport around the world, developed in this form many kinds of aircrafts in different models and styles.
Boeing adopted the radical change approach for designing and developing the 787 Dreamliner not only to attempt to create new aircraft through the innovative design and advanced material, but it also drastically changed the production process. With a $10 billion dollar project in mind, the goal was to reduce the financial risks involved as well as the new product development cycle time. Meanwhile, Boeing produced a remarkably complicated supply chain that included greater than fifty partners in over 100 locations all across the globe. In addition to the complicated supply chain, they experimented with various firms in diverse areas to align complementary skill sets. Furthermore, this was the first time the company outsourced the two most crucial parts of the plane, the wings and the fuselage.
6.2 The Boeing model adopted was to spread the design and development to suppliers on a global scale with costs met by suppliers (Ostrower & Lublin, 2013). A strategy such as this should have been tightly controlled from the outset. Without this control, difficulties in assembly and ill-fitting parts requiring redesign added to the delays experienced by the project (Denning, 2013), with hundreds of Boeing engineers sent to various companies to solve technical problems (Tang & Zimmerman, 2009).
Carl Bunge, Alex Morgan, John Montgomery, Aaron Paul Pinkoske, Jay Pittenger, Daniel Pollastro, Omar Ruiz, Mitchell Scott
The Boeing Corporation is one of the largest manufacturers in the world. Rivaled only by European giant Airbus in the aerospace industry, Boeing is a leader in research, design and manufacture of commercial jet airliners, for commercial, industrial and military customers. Despite enjoying immense success in its market and dominating an industry that solely recognizes engineering excellence, it is crucial for Boeing to ensure continued growth through consistent strategy formulation and execution to avoid falling behind in market share to close and coming rivals.
Due to customers’ needs and requests, Boeing has expanded its product line and services. The long tradition of aerospace leadership and innovation has given the company the advantages. Its broad range of capabilities includes creating new and more efficient commercial airplane, integrating military platforms and defense systems through