Carbon Macromolecules Research Paper

An organic molecule is a molecule that must have Carbon and Hydrogen. They are important because they act as a backbone for all living matter. Without Carbon and Hydrogen, life would not exist. A monomer is one subunit or building block of a larger molecule. The four types of organic molecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Carbon has unique properties that allow macromolecules to form. One is that carbon can form four covalent bonds. This is because of the four valence electrons it has. A carbon atom can have a triple bond with one atom and still have an extra electron to share with another atom. Carbon bonds can take on different shapes: linear, branched, or ring-shaped. Carbon also bonds with functional groups. Functional groups are molecules with unique chemical characteristics and properties. These include hydroxyl and phosphate groups. Carbon containing molecules can have multiple forms. These different forms are called isomers. These different molecules can have the same molecular formula but will have different shapes and characteristics. Structural isomers

lipids job is to build Membrane structure, energy storage, insulation because its large molecule are Fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids which is strong.Protein job is to make Enzymes, structure, receptors, transport, and more because it is harder to digest.Nucleic acid job is to make Information storage and transfer information because it withhold genetic makeup.the four macromolecules are critical because without them our bodies would not function properly but if we had to much our bodies would try to prevent overdose and reject it

These gasses trap warmth and reason the planet to warm through a procedure called the greenhouse effect. Since 1751 around 337 billion metric huge amounts of CO2 have been discharged into the climate from the using of fossil fills and concrete generation, expanding air CO2 from the pre-mechanical level of around 280 ppm (parts per million), to a high of 400 ppm in 2013. Methane, which is expanding in the climate because of farming and fossil fuel use, traps 84 times as much warmth as CO2 for the initial 20 years it is in the environment, and is in charge of around one-fifth of a dangerous atmospheric climate change since 1750. Nitrous oxide, fundamentally discharged through farming practices, traps 300 times as much warmth as CO2. Over the twentieth century, as the convergences of CO2, CH4, and NO2 expanded in the air, the earth warmed by pretty nearly 1.4°.

There are four major classes of macromolecules. They are lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. There are many similarities between these macromolecules, and they all play a very important role in biology. However, there are also many differences, especially between lipids and the other three groups.

Module two presented three main concepts: biological molecules, enzymes, and cellular structures. A biological molecule is an organic molecule composed of two or more atoms that are bound together by a chemical bond. The organic molecules discussed in this module were carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and vitamins. Carbohydrates are hydrophilic molecules meaning that they can dissolve in water. They are made up of sugars, starches, and fibers. Sugars are the simplest form of a carbohydrate, and can bind together through covalent bonds to make the more complex starches and fibers. The binding of these multiple sugar units makes a macromolecule that is referred to as a polymer. Lipids are hydrophobic molecules meaning that they cannot dissolve in water. They are classified as triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, and fatty acids. They are what we commonly refer to as fats and oils. Proteins are polymers that are made up of multiple amino acids bound together by covalent bonds. Vitamins are essential nutrients which the body cannot synthesize, so the vitamins must be consumed in the diet. There are two types of vitamins: water soluble vitamins and lipid soluble vitamins. The names of these types of vitamins are give due to the substance

Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and certain other gases absorb IR radiation from the Earth's surface and re-emit it in all directions. These gases act like the glass in a greenhouse to increase the temperature of the planet.

Although there are currently many greenhouse gases claiming earth’s atmosphere as their home, carbon dioxide is by far the most abundant and most adversely gas that affects Earth's climate. According to NASA, the amount of energy being emitted from the sun has remained constant since the 1750s. A common misconception when talking about global warming, is that the sun is the main source of the increase of the earth’s global temperatures. But if temperatures were increasing due to the sun, scientists would see warming in all layers of the atmosphere rather than just the lower ones. “Since the Industrial Revolution began around 1750, human activities have contributed substantially to climate change by adding CO2 and other heat-trapping gases

Within this report I will be analysing carbon 14 a radioisotope. A radioisotope is a radioactive isotope and isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons in their nuclei. Carbon-14 is a radioisotope of the element carbon.

There are macromolecules in all forms of life, whether it is in the food we eat or the beverages we drink. These macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. These four different macromolecules are monomers and they link together in different sized chains, which form polymers. Each of the four macromolecules is made up of different types of elements. The macromolecule, Carbohydrates, contains carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, and is classified into one of the three categories: monosaccharaides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. Proteins are made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen and sometimes sulphur. Proteins are covalently bonded; these bonds are called peptide bonds. Lipids are also made up of carbon, hydrogen

Greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide and methane, absorb energy radiated by the Earth and then send it back into our atmosphere as heat. This is called the greenhouse effect. During the last

Greenhouse gases ,such as carbon dioxide, is absorb and emits heat into the earths atmosphere, keeping the Earth warm enough to support life. However, human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, are adding large amounts of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Earth must get rid of energy at the same rate it receives energy. More greenhouse gases means that more heat is being held in the atmosphere, which makes the temperatures higher. All the greenhouse gases people have added to the

There are four major gases that cause the greenhouse effect.  These chemicals are Chloroflourocarbons (CFC’s), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and Methane (CH4).  “CFC’s destroy ozone molecules by the thousands, causing a smaller amount of ozone in the ozone layer.  This allows more UV rays hit the Earth’s surface, causing a slight increase of the Earth’s temperature.  The more ozone molecules destroyed, the more UV rays enter the Earth’s atmosphere, making the temperature even higher”(What Is The Greenhouse Effect).

Carbon dioxide is the greenhouse gas naturally found in the atmosphere. Since the advent of the Industrial Revolution in the 1700s, humans have devised many inventions that burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gases, which, along with other human activities such as clearing land for agriculture or urban settlements, help some of these greenhouse gases accumulate in the atmosphere that in turn trap more heat radiation in the atmosphere causing the Earth’s climate to become warmer than it would naturally (Mastrandrea). This unnatural phenomenon is termed global warming by scientists and they blame it for an increase in the Earth’s surface temperature of about 0.6°C (about 1°F) over the last 100 years (Mastrandrea).

The greenhouse effect is what allows life on Earth and the atmosphere contains trace gases which are designed to retain heat. The gases that are present in the atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and nitrous oxide. These gases act as a global insulator and help control the Earth’s atmosphere. It all begins with sunlight which is a form of energy that is mostly absorbed by land, oceans, and a portion of the sunlight is reflected back to the atmosphere. Once the earth warms up, it then gives off energy in a different form which is called infrared radiation or electromagnetic radiation. The planet need some of the greenhouse gases because without them the