Case Study: Ethical Issues in Business, Week 2
Keller Graduate School of Management
ECON545, November 13, 2013
Price Discrimination
An ethical issue that individuals face today involves the price war or price discrimination involving the airline industry. According to the legal definition of price discrimination: Price discrimination is the practice of charging different persons different prices for the same goods or services. Price discrimination is made illegal under the Sherman Antitrust Act. 15 U.S.C. §2, the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C. §13, and by the Robinson-Patman Act, 15 U.S.C. §§13-13b, 21a, when engaged in for the purpose of lessening competition, such as tying the lower prices to the purchase of other goods or services.
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However, when the equilibrium price is beyond the expectation of a fair market value, for reasons of political or social concerns governments will intervene in the market and establish limits on such things as wages, apartment rents, electricity, or agricultural commodities. Government uses price ceilings and price floors to keep prices below or above market equilibrium. (Stone, 2012, page 68)
The increase of the minimum wage would be considered the floor price establish by the government to balance out the minimum wage against the cost of living expense. In theory the statements made would be consistent with the effects of the increase of the minimum wage. Higher wages would potentially cause businesses to reduce the amount of part-time worker due to the incurred cost of wages/operations. Higher wages does not equate to a higher demand of warranted good so the cost of production would increase but not the cost of goods sold nor would there be an increase of revenue for the businesses. Additionally, the individuals being terminated (part-timers) would not have been considered members of the union so the lost would have no negative impact on the union however, the few part-timer that stayed would probably consider joining the union to secure their position in the company. As a minimum being in the union ensures these employees will have someone representing
-Mohair farmers have earned a subsidy from the federal government for decades because the mohair farmers can get large payments from the government without taxpayers ever really noticing because the farmers who get the subsidy care a lot about it, while the rest of us taxpayers (paying mere pennies extra in taxes) do not really care. And, “any politician with a preference for job security can calculate that a vote for the mohair subsidy will earn the strong support of the mohair farmers while costing nothing among other voters” (Wheelan 177).
IgG – funtions in neutralizing, opsonation, compliment activation, antibody dependent cell-mediated cytocity, neonatal immunity, and feedback inhibition of B-cells and found in the blood.
You have been working as an economic consultant, and you have seen a significant number of firms needing outside help to assist in business policy and formulation. Because of your strong reputation, you have just been hired as a consultant for one of the following organizations:
The larger group is the placed students. The table shows that this group has 133, represented as N= 133, whereas the continuing students had n=31. The number of placed students is 100 more than the continuing students.
First, I would like to thank you for hiring my accounting firm to evaluate LJB’s internal controls system. This report will inform you of any new internal control requirements required for LJB to go public, advise you of what the company is doing right, recommend that LJB purchase an indelible ink machine, and advise you what areas the company can improve.
Telephone System – A multiple line telephone systems with at least two lines for potential clients. Another line for the fax machine.
There are a number of ethical business elements and regulatory issues that can impact Southwest’s business environment, with regard to corporate strategy, brand development, and decision-process making. In ethical decision making of the airline industry, crew treatment, personnel wages, overbooked flights, procurement, false or rushed safety reporting, and false advertising, are among the top ethical dilemmas. According to the National Business Ethics Survey of 2013, the five topics that affect organizations include, accounting, social media, harassment and discrimination, health and safety, and technology and privacy (The 5 Biggest Ethical Issues Facing Businesses,” 2018). Translating to airlines such as Southwest, the health,
The price ceiling is an artificially maximum set price that vendors are legally allowed to charge up to for a good or service as mandated by the government. There are two possible outcomes from a government imposing a price ceiling. The first would be for the government to set the price above the equilibrium price. This does not create any true negative problems on the economy as it still allows the free market and capitalism’s invisible hand to set the equilibrium price and negotiate prices between firms and consumers. This phenomenon is known as a non binding price ceiling. Non binding price ceilings are rarely used by governments imposing price ceilings. Most governments impose their price ceilings below the equilibrium line, which is also known as a binding price ceiling.
The market determined price for some commodities may be thought by the government to be too high or too low. The government may therefore intervene in the marketplace in order to apply either price ceilings, where the government imposes a limit on how high a price can be charged for a product, or price floors, the minimum price that can be charged for a particular commodity. Affecting the
A price control is a government imposed policy that changes the natural forces of the market. These price control policies are put in place to facilitate either the consumer, or the supplier side of the market in question. Price control measures are essential because they cater to all sides of the market, depending on the type of policy chosen, and the scenario at hand. Price ceiling is a type of price control measure that is commonly associated with rent control, in which a price cap is enforced on the rent; a policy that affects many citizens around the country. Rent control is put in place to provide affordable housing to citizens, however, this policy does not exist in all provinces. Through the examination of municipalities without
In your own words, summarize the article, “Gov’t moves to sell Medibank Private,” by Jim Mcllroy, April 9, 2014. In particular, what are the main messages of the article?
Maximum price, also referred as price ceiling, is usually set by government to limit the seller pricing system to ensure a fair and reasonable business practice (Murcko, 2002). Price ceilings are usually set for essential expenses, such as flights in the article.
The technical, economist's definition of a recession is when GDP is negative for two consecutive economic quarters (Amadeo 2012). Given this definition, the United States is currently not in a recession: "real gross domestic product the output of goods and services produced by labor and property located in the United States increased at an annual rate of 2.2 percent in the first quarter of 2012...In the fourth quarter of 2011, real GDP increased 3.0 percent" (National income and product accounts: Gross Domestic Product, 1st quarter 2012, 2012, US Department of Commerce).
On the thirteenth of May of 2015, Capx, an online British news website, published Rachel Cunliffe’s article, “The dark side of price controls in Venezuela,” where she goes in depth about the effects of a binding price ceiling has on the living conditions of Venezuelans. According to Mankiw, a price ceiling can be defined as a legal maximum on the price at which a good can be sold that is below the equilibrium price. A price ceiling with a binding constraint, or binding price ceiling, occurs when the government sets a required price on a good or goods at a price below equilibrium.
The high cost of jet fuel will certainly erode a company profits. The airline industry as a whole will all suffer from the increase in fuel prices so it will depend on certain factors to determine if the continued use of price discrimination will be an effective pricing strategy. Since the nature of this