Cisco Activity

Task 2: Step 2, Generate and view network traffic, Action f. Paste the screenshot of the Ping command output of IP address 192.168.1.200. (2.5 points)

• “IP (the Internet Protocol) is the most common Network Layer protocol where routing occurs” (Network Design, 2012). I will put in place two wireless network interfaces, which will interconnect with the newly installed fiber optic routing system. Internet nodes will communicate via the IP address, 172.15.100.10.

135.46.63.10. In binary this is 10000111.00101110.00111111.00001010. The 135.46 preface points us to one of the Interfaces on the table, which both have a subnet mask of /22. The 22 MSB's of the binary are 10000111.00101110.00111100.00000000. Back to decimal, this is 135.46.60.0, which matches Interface 1, so it is routed there.

In a figure all ways from S to D incorporate hosts that are outside the request zone. Accordingly, there is no surety that a way can be discovered comprising just of the hosts in a picked request zone. In this manner, if a route is not found inside of a suitable timeout period, our convention Wows S to start another route disclosure with an extended request zone – in our simulations, the extended zone incorporates the whole system space. in this case the inactivity in deciding the route to D be longer.

| Given a network topology of two or more routers and an IPv4 addressing scheme, implement static routing and confirm layer 3 connectivity.

PC1 sending packet, first thing needing to be done is compare the destination IP address with its own, deciding whether or not it is in the same network

In this example, we have three routers A, B and C. C’s E0 is directly connected to 192.168.3.0. And C’s routing table is (192.168.3.0; 0; E0) which shows that 192.168.3.0 is 0 hop away. RIP (Routing Information Protocol), running on C, tells B that 192.168.3.0 is reachable through C with a distance of 0. B adds 1 hop to the distance and enters the route to 192.168.3.0 into its own routing table which becomes (192.168.3.0; 1; S1). Now RIP is running on B and tells C that 192.168.3.0 is 1 hop away. Similarly, C adds 1 hop to the distance and enters the route to 192.168.3.0 into its own routing table which becomes (192.168.3.0; 2; S1).

(b) Redirection with modified hop count: This type of attack is targeted against the AODV protocol in which a malicious node can increase the chances that they are included on a newly created route by resetting the hop count field of a RREQ packet to zero. [17]

Being proactive, AODV doesn’t need all its nodes in a network to maintain the routes to destinations rather request a route only when needed i.e., only the nodes which are communicating would require to maintain the route. Also AODV uses sequence numbers to avoid routing loops like in DSDV. Whenever a node needs to communicate with another node, a route has to be found and for that purpose Route Request (RREQ) message is broadcasted to all its neighbors till it reaches the destination node or route to destination. A temporary route table entry in initiated by the RREQ messages throughout the network. Once the destination or a route is found, Route Reply (RREP) message is sent back to source by unicasting along the temporary reverse path of the received RREQ message. RREP message initiates in creating a routing table entries for the destination in intermediate nodes on its way back to source. After certain amount of time these routing table entries expire. Neighbors are detected by periodic HELLO messages (a special RREP message). If a node A does not receive HELLO messages from a neighbor B through which it sends traffic, it assumes that a link is broken and the failure indication is forwarded to its active neighbors. When this message reaches the sources, then either they request a new route by sending new RREQ messages or stop sending data. HELLO messages and the

Create a summary static route for R1 in figure 1 for the 3 LANs it has attached. Use the steps from your text Chapter 2 page 125: Calculating a Summary Route.

The first objective in the LAN Modeling tutorial is Setting Up the Scenario. The final step in setting up your scenario appears below.

Is the initial connection set up? Put data into frames according to X standard. |

Question: You now have two default routes. What keeps the router from installing both of them into the route table? Under what condition will the 192.168.5.1 path be installed in the route table? The administrative distance separates the paths. The 192.168.5.1 will be installed to the routing table when no matching entry is found.

Provide an output that shows the routing table for your node after each iteration. Add a second table with two columns. One that shows the destination from your node and the second column indicating the number of hops to reach that node.

Now it is time for you to put your networking knowledge to work. Read through the Network Design: