Climate And Weather Of Afghanistan

For over 2 centuries, Afghanistan has known virtually no time without war. Beginning around 326 B.C. with the conquests of Alexander the Great, to the Persians, British, Russians and most recently, America and our NATO allies, Afghanistan has been cultivated into the country that it is today through a trial by fire. Regardless of this relentless onslaught of foreign military power, the Afghan people have tirelessly defended their homeland with no outside power ever being able to subdue them completely. Following the withdrawal of the Soviet Union in 1989, the country fell into civil war, torn even further apart by fiercely dedicated tribal warlords. This power vacuum led to the rise of a group called the Taliban. Led by a one eyed man

The land in Afghanistan is mountainous. Jagged, impassable ranges divide the country and make travel much more difficult. Due to these physical divisions, the people are extremely provincial,

But soon when the full Arab force arrived they werquickly dispatched. From 900-1050 CE the Rajputs Controlled most of the Afghani area, until they were overthrown by the Ghazni’s. The Ghaznavids then ruled until 1148 when they fell out of power, not to come back until half a century later. Various princes attempted a rule of the area but made no notable progress until the Shah Muhammad of Khwarezmid Empire conquered all of Persia and continued the conquest, but in 1219 the Persian Empire had fallen to the Mongolian Army led by Khan. Not long after the Timurids came into the Afghanistan area and ruled, bringing a strict, but prosperous rule, moving the capital to Herat. In the early 16th century the empire began to decline, but not before restoring an infrastructure. For 300 years the Afghan tribes invade india and created vast afghan-indo mixes. Soon after in the 16th Century western Afghanistan was reverted back to Persian rule. From the start of the middle ages to around 1750, part of Afghanistan was recognized and named as Khorasan. Areas around hindustan and the Hindu Kush mountains were finally recognized as Afghanistan. In the 16th to the 17th Century Afghanistan was divided up into 3 major areas. The North was ruled under

- Certain ingredients require appropriate climate to grow, for instance, opium poppy, a base ingredient of heroin grows in Afghanistan and the Golden Triangle, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru have perfect climate for growing coca plant, used for production of cocaine;

There is a general agreement between many theorist, scientists and Pharmacologists that the Sumerians cultivated poppies and prepared opium from them in the third millennium B.C. (Brownstein 1) Opium and other drugs that derived from the poppy plant were widely used in religious practices for its euphoric properties. However, Opiates have been proven to have addictive qualities and toxic effects on the human body. This did not stop the wide spread demand for the drug. Since those early accounts of opioid use and addiction, the drug has traveled through the Middle East, Asia, and Europe like a plague and is currently a nationwide epidemic in the United States and has been for some time now.

Heroin, derived from morphine, is classified in the opioid family of painkilling drugs, made from the opium poppy plant, specifically the opium from the sap of the plant which is harvested from the seed pods after the flower falls off. The opium poppy is generally grown in Southeast Asia, Mexico, the Middle East and parts of Central and South America (Weintraub 16). Opium was used in the past in countries such as Egypt as a “cure-all” drug and a poison; It was then sold to parts of China and used as a recreational drug that had many users addicted and ruined their lives (Weintraub 16-17). A majority of the heroin in the United States today is smuggled in from South America and Mexico, and is coming over in record amounts

Heroin is a powerful narcotic and is illegal in most parts of the world. This drug is obtained from poppy opium plants. The farming of heroin can most likely be found in Southeast Asia, Southwest Asia, Central America, South America, and Mexico. Since the 1980’s

Heroin the most addictive flower that hooks users for life that brings the destruction of life. The poppy flower that grasp human mentality by the knees holding them enslave to the euphoria state that the mind has a craving wanting more. This poppy flower has addicts wanting more to have another fix of the poppy flower juice that gives another dose of heroin high. Heroin is easy to search for when looking in the direction for a euphoria journey. As Anthony Brooks (NPR) said “Heroin is the number one dope that could be sold at a cheaper price.” The people that can’t afford their medications through doctor’s orders or a single over-the-medication they look toward the cheapest price of a drug that may take away the pain for a few three hours of pain free. The hook of heroin’s’ grip never lets one go making the mind crave for more like chocolate the sweetness that gives the careless feeling of becoming less than human but a junkie and a dope fiend. The documentation of the Heroin Crisis documentary that America is the dope fiend paradise where addicts can get a fix anywhere without being notice of heroin use and heroin being transported from Mexico, South America, Asia, Laos, Vietnam and Afghanistan the number one supplier. The dope that brings current users wanting more for the craving of heroin and creating new users to make a profit through the heroin addiction that leaves victims overdosed to

The purpose of this paper is to assess the issues that arise from heroin and other opiate abuse, how the US government is combating it, and what effects these policies have in Afghanistan, the world’s supplier of opium.

Lastly, heroin and krokodil impact American terrorism. Heroin comes from a poppy plant that can reach maturity in a short amount of time. The opium that comes from that poppy plant is turned into morphine. The morphine that is extracted is then turned into different forms of heroin. The poppy plants are mostly grown in Afghanistan with “... its total export value… [of] about $40 billion… About a quarter went to Afghan opium farmers” (“Krokodil Drug Facts: Effects…”).

Afghanastan is known for being mountainous but the geography and climate are different depending on the part of the country. The country has three separate areas in terms of geography including the Central Highlands which has steep valleys and mountains that are dry and soil that is desert-steppe and meadow-steppe in other parts. The Southern Plateau has high plateaus and desert land. The climate is milder and the soil is not fertile except next to the river. The Northern Plains are very fertile with a major river and a lot of mineral deposits in the soil.

Currently the Mexican Cartels focus on growing Marijuana and Poppy plants. With the rise in demand for heroin and methamphetamine the cartels have began cultivating more and more of the plant. In 2012, a kilo of sap retrieved from the poppy plant was worth five hundred dollars in Mexico; today it is worth two thousand dollars per kilo (Corcoran K). With this increase in price more and more farmers have begun to grow poppy plants. As heroin

The history of substance abuse is full of irony. The poppy, a beautiful flower, is the source of opium, a raw pain-killing substance regularly cultivated and harvested in the East, where it was widely used. Tragically, Europe and America imported the drug and adopted its unregulated use. Though legal, the opium dens of the early 19th century certainly oppressed the lives of the poor, taking what little money they had and offering a dangerous environment in which to dream drug induced dreams.

South America continues to account for practically all global cultivation of coca bush, and South-West Asia (Afghanistan) and South East Asia (mainly the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Myanmar) continue to account for the vast majority of illicit opium poppy cultivation. Although the manufacture of ATS is difficult to assess, there are reports of ATS manufacture in all regions worldwide. There may have been no major change in the regions in which illicit crop cultivation and drug manufacture take place, but the illicit drug markets and the routes along which drugs are smuggled continue to be in a state of flux. The “dark net”, the anonymous online marketplace used for the illegal sale of a wide range of products, including drugs, is a prime example of the constantly changing situation, and it has profound implications for both law enforcement and drug

As a landlocked country, neighboring China, Pakistan, Iran and Central Asian countries, Afghanistan has a significant geostrategic importance. The Khyber Pass, located between Afghanistan and Pakistan has long been one of the most important trade routes and strategic military locations in the world. 4000 miles incant route, called the Silk Road, or Silk Route is one of the ancient world networks of trade, and cultural transmission routes are crossing Afghanistan. The route is known as a meeting point of the Indian,