Construction industry is one of the oldest economy of the world and it use 40% of the resources which are taken out of the earth every year. Since ancient time wood has been one of the most widely used construction material which is only second to stone. Being a natural resource makes wood one of the most economical construction material also from a perspective of environment wood construction is eco-friendlier. Using wood for construction has two major climatic and environment effect. Firstly, material made of wood such as beam, trusses, furniture etc. act as a carbon storage. Secondly, the use of wood over other energy intensive material such as steel and concrete which are made from non-renewable raw materials which cause massive amount of CO2 emission during their production; wood is certainly favorable. Wood has also lower embodied energy content than competing structural materials. Apart of the ecological benefits a building designed using wood is substantial lighter than a building designed using steel and concrete. Heavy timber members have a compressive strength which is quite close to concrete and therefore could be used effectively to replace concrete.
The building codes are rapidly changing all over the world and with the advent of new engineering technologies the designers and architects have started realizing the potential of wood high rise construction. Many European countries have begun to taken steps to promote wood as a construction material. USDA is also
First of all, wood is a necessary martial of human. Many of important furniture like bed, doors and bookcases all are made by wood, as well as the house and human cannot live without those things. For example, here are some data for building a single-family home,
Lightweight wood construction is most often seen in the residential setting. The main types of materials used in light weight wood construction are pre-manufactured I-beams and I-joist, truss systems, plywood, and OSB boards. I-beams and joist are manufactured by placing a plywood or
For the novice wood worker, you may have some questions about using hand tools and power tools. It can be frustrating to know exactly how to use these tools safely and at a minimal risk to yourself. If you have a desire to work with wood and do things that you can use in your home or sell for an additional income, you can be overwhelmed with the amount of items that are available for wood work. When you are using hand tools and power tools, keep in mind that while these tools can be dangerous, they are simply tools so you can get your completed wood work project in a more Efficient. Keep these tips in mind when working with hand tools and hand tools.
What type of wood (Pine, other timber, etc.) mainly distributed or preferable to work with in this construction?
Q: How does this impact construction companies who mainly use wood as a building supply?
However, if we have to use another structural material to replace timberwork, rammed earth could be an option. The main material is a mixture of fine laterite, fine sand from the river, and silt from the bottom of paddy fields and even re-cycled ancient wall mud. After these materials are thoroughly mixed together, quality brown sugar, whisked egg white and the strained liquid from sticky rice soup are added and a new turn of mixing begins. The resultant material is then used for the earthen buildings. In southeast China's Fujian Province, Hakkas use this metnod to build large residences for several hundred inhabitants.
Lippke, B., Wilson, J., Perez-Garcia, J., Bowyer, J., & Meil, J. (2004). CORRIM: Life-cycle environmental performance of renewable building materials. Forest Products Journal, 54(6), 8-19. Retrieved from http://proxy.library.brocku.ca/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/214627686?accountid=9744
“Normal people … believe that if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it. Engineers believe that if it ain’t broke, it doesn't have enough features yet” (Scott Adams). Wood has been the oldest known building material known to man. It is found in Ancient civilization of Rome to the Babylonians. Wood had with stood the test of time and can be can still be seen in places like the Nanchan Temple which was built in 782, or the Greensted Church which still remain with some parts in tact dating back to the 11th century. But, recently products call “engineered systems” have been slowly working its way in carpentry in this modern century. Yet, similar to many other things that are engineered or improved upon engineered lumber does have drawbacks. Engineered lumber
Forest serves as nature’s most primitive habitat, covering up to 31% of the world’s surface, providing its inhabitants with abundant resources needed for survival. Before the emergence of civilization, our planet’s forests were at peak condition, allowing a massive variety of birds, fish, and wild gazing animals to thrive in it’s most natural habitat. We would not believe our eyes if we were to travel back to 10,000 B.C and observe the stunning ways nature’s interaction with it’s organisms in the absence of cities. This balance between nature and its organism quickly took a downfall at the dawn of civilization. John Perlin, in his book < a forest journey: the story of wood and civilization” (1989), gives two comparisons with ancient writing
The construction sector drives a country’s economy. In Australia, the construction industry is a major role of economic growth and is the fourth largest contributor to Australia’s gross domestic product (GDP) (ABS 2010). By 2056, economy activity is estimated to increase five times, energy consumption and manufacturing activity to triple with the population growth increase by over 50% (Akadiri, Chinyio and Olomolaiye 2012). With construction industry affecting the economy, ultimately, it also affects the social, cultural and environmental aspects of the country.
We can apply advanced framing techniques in construction to prevent waste. This can helps use to reduce the cost of construction. The construction complies with the standard building codes and is highly energy efficient, which means they are affordable, easy to maintain and are extremely long lasting. (Advantages of Using Sustainable Building Materials, n.d.). Thus, it will helps to reduce maintenance cost of house. Besides that, with proper design for water and electrical flow to meet requirement sustainable criteria, we can increase the efficiency of that both utilities and reduce utilities cost. (Dick, 2014)
Sustainability is a term that describes how environmental critical systems remain diverse and productive over time. Sustainability for humans is the ability to save the quality of life that we live in the long term and this in turn depends on the conservation of the natural world and the responsible use of natural resources. The term sustainability has become widespread and can be applied to almost every facet of life on Earth, from the local level to the global level and over different periods of time. Wetlands and healthy forests are examples of critical systems sustainable. The courses biochemical hidden redistributes water, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon in living systems and non-living in the world, and has secured a permanent life for millions of years. But with the increasing number of people, inhabitants of this land, descended natural ecosystems and the change in the balance of natural cycles have a negative impact on both humans and other living systems.
Concern about the environment and preservation of natural resource had become a heated debate among citizens, designers, and politics. United States alone uses a significant among of world’s energy and produces a great amount of greenhouse gas. According to U.S. Department of Energy’s EIA for 2007, commercial and residential buildings consume about 40 percent of the energy usage in the United States. Building constructions plays an important role in sustainable development and environmental preservation because building life cycle starts with
As cultures have grown and expanded, so has construction. New buildings are going up everyday while the old ones are being torn down. Cultures are starting to become more aware of what is thrown in the landfills and polluting our earth. Architects have begun building sustainably and using recycled materials to reduce their carbon footprint. It can be very difficult in choosing sustainable products. For example:
For centuries wood has been utilised by many great civilisations. With its natural form, it is vulnerable to decay and degradation over time. Wood preservation has become more and more important over the years because of the efforts to grow timber more rapidly and convert it more economically have likely reduced the durability of the end product (Ridout, 2000).