Communicable Disease Tuberculosis
Karen Fernandez
HCS/457
April 7, 2013
Monica Vargas
Communicable Disease
Communicable disease is a cold disease that spreads from one person to another. This disease can expose from someone or from something. These diseases are contagious and communicable. Communicable disease is also known as infectious transmittable contaminated diseases that grow from minimal infections to severe infections. Anyone can get contaminated with communicable disease with body fluids and contacts, with airborne and transmission from one person to another in many ways. There are many communicable diseases and they vary from hepatitis A, B, and C, a common cold, HIV, pertussis, STD, tuberculosis and many more
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A PPD test is an injection that the medical professional place on the patient forearms. Within two days the patient is required to return to the medical facility to get their PPD read, when the PPD is read and the injected forearm is bruised and red, then that means that the patient is positive with tuberculosis. If the testing is negative it does not necessarily mean that the person is free form tuberculosis. Many people who have been infected with tuberculosis may experience a false negative result. A false negative result can be the cause if there are medical conditions like cancer, chemotherapy and HIV. However many people can also have a false negative result because of their immune system and also poor nutrition and chemotherapy. When a person has a positive result of tuberculosis, the medical provider will perform chest x-rays, if the chest x-rays are negative then the patient does not require medical attention and treatment. If the chest x-rays are positive then the patient need medications. These medications will treat the lungs and the human body, once the treatment process is finished, then the patient is required to receive a new chest x-ray. When this new chest x-ray result comes back negative, then the patient tis free from tuberculosis and infection other people.
Environmental factors related to tuberculosis include), more than 9 million new cases of TB are diagnosed annually, 55% of them in Asia and 31% in Africa, placing
The CDC website provides ample educational information regarding tuberculosis. It gives a detail description of what Tuberculosis is, the testing used and how it works. The website also addresses the risk factors of tuberculosis and warns that traveling to countries such as Africa, Asia and Central America puts them in a higher risk of contracting TB. In addition, it provides people with preventive measures to avoid being infected. They advise against close proximity with infected, and to be cautious around people working in health care facilities, prisons, shelter or an over populate area and advise to refrain from consuming unpasteurized milk products. In addition, the Website provides Data and Statistics, which can help support previous
Communicable disease outbreak occurs when there is a larger then expected incidence of a disease. It can affect a small group or thousands of people in a region. In some instances even just two independent cases can lead to an outbreak, eventually leading to an epidemic, or pandemic which refers to a global outbreak. Measles is a communicable disease that is highly contagious according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The good news is that it is a preventable disease, because there is a vaccine that is available to prevent people from contracting it. One complication that arises is when some people
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects one third of the world's population. The most infected areas are developing counties or third worlds countries such as Africa, India, Pakistan, and East Timor.
Tuberculosis is a disease of an infectious nature caused by a bacterium known as mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease spreads through the air. People with the disease can spread it to susceptible people through coughing, sneezing, talking or spitting. It mainly affects the lungs and other parts such as the lymph nodes and kidneys can also be affected. The symptoms for TB are fatigue, coughing, night sweats, weight loss and fever. One third of the population of the world is affected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. The rate of infection is estimated to be one person per second. About 14 million people in the world are infected with active tuberculosis. Drug resistant TB has been recorded to be a serious public health hazard in many countries. Resistant strains have developed making it difficult to treat the disease. TB has caused millions of death mainly in people living with HIV/AIDS ADDIN EN.CITE Ginsberg19981447(Ginsberg, 1998)1447144717Ginsberg, Ann M.The Tuberculosis Epidemic: Scientific Challenges and OpportunitiesPublic Health Reports (1974-)Public Health Reports (1974-)128-13611321998Association of Schools of Public Health00333549http://www.jstor.org/stable/4598234( HYPERLINK l "_ENREF_3" o "Ginsberg, 1998 #1447" Ginsberg, 1998). The World Health Organization came up with the DOTS (Directly Observed, Therapy, Short course) strategy. The approach involves diagnosing cases and treating patients with drugs for about 6-8
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious killer worldwide. However, over 95% of TB deaths occur in developing countries (WHO). TB is found to be a curable disease when appropriate medications and treatment are taken. Using the biomedical system is not sufficient to eradicate TB because medical interventions will fail if social determinates aren’t taken into considerations. The biomedical system is a key component in diminishing TB because it allows for diagnosis and control. Social determinants of health play a huge role in shaping one’s health. Three main social determinants that acts as a barrier in curing and preventing TB are income, food insecurity and access to health care.
The social aspect looks at how TB affects the overall impact of health related quality of life. The global section looks at the barriers of governmental funds and treatment access in different developed versus developing countries. The environmental section explores the environmental conditions in where TB impacts socioeconomic factors, including income, education, housing, age, gender, and geographic distribution. The policy section explores the policy around the treatment of TB, providing distributions of policies (funding, allocative health policies and regulated health policies) and organized policymaking processes at the federal level that allow for the improvement of the health of the population.
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most commonly affects the lungs. The etiologic agent can be expelled from one infected person via a sneeze or a cough, and enter the air and then the body of another person, leading to another infected person (“Tuberculosis, 2012). According to “What is TB?” (n.d.), someone who has diagnosed tuberculosis but is not receiving any form of treatment can pass the disease to up to 15 people in on year. Treatment of TB is necessary, so if symptoms are ignored, an infected person could die. Prevalence of this disease is not as common in the United States as it is in other countries. In 2014, there were approximately 9,421 reported cases; trends show that TB prevalence continues to decreases each year. Of
Infectious disease: Disorders that are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites that live in or on or body, infectious diseases are transmitted by touch, kissing, coughs or sneezes.
TB skin test also called a purified protein derivative tests PPD. It is performed by injecting a small amount of PPD solution on the dermis. Also, most people previously infected with TB develop a skin reaction 48 to 72 hours after the PPD solution is injected under the skin. The skin is examined to determine if there is induration. healthcare provider interprets the test as positive or negative based on the size of the induration, not redness. However, the result of TB skin test does not tell if the person has active TB or LTBI, it indicates the TB bacteria are in the body. In addition, anyone who has a positive TB skin test needs additional tests, for example, chest X-ray test, to determine if the bacteria active or latent.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly attacks the lungs (2). Moreover, it makes the lungs unhealthy and infected. It is transmitted from one person to another via droplets. For example, from the throats and lungs of people infected with this active respiratory disease (2). In 2012, nearly nine million people around the
Infectious diseases are disruptions in the human body caused by organisms such as fungi, bacteria and viruses. The two ways of spreading infectious diseases are direct and indirect contact. Direct contact can cause transmission by touching an infected person or exchanging body fluids with them; if the infected person sneezed on someone or performed sexual activities with them, that person would get infected; furthermore pregnant women can transmit some infectious diseases to their fetus. Indirect transmission can be through many ways; one way is through air, if a person enters a room while or after an infected person has entered it the person might get the disease. Moreover if a person touches anything such as a phone after an infected person
When an infection occurs in humans, the virus can be spread to others through direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes in, for example, the eyes, nose, or mouth) with
This is an infectious disease. Infectious diseases are disorder that are caused by organisms such as, viruses, bacteria, parasites, or fungi. Some infectious diseases can be passed from human to human
Tuberculosis, also known by the abbreviation “TB”, is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria usually attacks the lungs, but tuberculosis bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. Although tuberculosis has not been a major concern in recent years; the disease is now increasing and there are now multiple drug resistant strains that have emerged that many believe may be a massive risk to society with the necessity of routine screenings and new vaccines.
Although Africa and other developing nations lead in the number of those infected with tuberculosis, the infected population in the world is currently estimated to be at around one third of the