Comparing Ardener's Belief And The Problem Of Women

For many years women have been forced with unequal and oppressive “community” by men. This article highlights the reason as to why women were oppressed and why “gender Blindness” exists and how it only occurs due to manipulation of women’s daily lives (Hayden, P). In this text she references government documents such as the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. She highlights the fact that Gender Blindness has been occurring way before 1979 and still persists.

Women form an important part of each society, however their role and importance to its function are often times overlooked. Society is/was organized and directed by men. All of the most important positions and purposes within it`s routine were filled by males. This societal organization is often times reflected in many pieces of literature of various time periods, however there are texts in which contrary to the patriarchal society models, women are given substantial importance within the plot. Homer`s The Odyssey, Heart of Darnkness by Joseph Conrad and Aeschylus`s Oresteia each demonstrate or conceal female importance in a given society.

In the first synthesis essay, examination of worldview was identified as one of the most important concepts necessary to understand and interpret medical anthropology. Worldview is the reason that there are many different types of medical systems. As explained in lecture, these include diagnosis, healing, and some form of payment to the healer. The study of these different medical systems falls under the term ethnomedicine. Singer describes ethnomedicine as the idea that all medical systems develop from “particular sociocultural systems regardless of the scale of the society.” For example our US healthcare system, based on western worldview, is a hierarchy of administrators who tell the doctors what they can and cannot do. Our devotion to the US healthcare system stems from our need to label the symptom or disease such as nasal drip and a cough can be labeled as a common cold. The worldview seen here is the need for immediate cures to avoid interrupting our busy lives. On the other hand, in “Touching the Timeless” with Billy Yellow from the Navajo tribe, there are many steps to prepare for his healing ritual such as the sweat hogan, where purification rituals are performed, in this case, before a strong spiritual ritual can be done. Thus understanding the worldview that comes with the development of medical systems is vital to understanding why the practices are being used and being able to compare these medical systems cross culturally.

Medical Anthropology: the study of health, illness, and healing from a cultural and/or cross-cultural perspective.

physics of birth; moving from sitting and squatting, which was used historically by midwives and

The works covered; ‘Oedipus the King’ and ‘Birches’ are all demonstrative to the comprehension gender and gender roles have in the society. To begin with, it has been established by history that the distinct roles attached to gender are as a consequence of our socialization. Generally, men have always retained an upper hand compared to women as the society has defined this to be so. Traditionally, access to education, socially acceptable experience and even financial power were in favor of men such that by extension, more men ventured into literature than women. As a result, most of these works are written by men.

The role of women in works of literature as well as in life has changed significantly. Previously, women were seen as needy and dependent on the men in their lives. Women were only important for raising children and doing work around the house, while men were off

‘Silence’ is a recurring theme in post-colonial literature. It is a form of communication. It is a notable concept in Literature that attracts many readers. Not all silences sound same. The expression of silence reveals different meaning s to different persons on different situations. Silence arising in the midst of a conversation can sometimes be comfortable and meaningful, whereas in other situations they remain as an obstacle between the communicators. Especially silence of women may express agreement without any objection, fear, pain, suffering, endurance or a means of protest.1

Men and women and their actions, thoughts, and behaviours have been at the centre and focal point in several types of literature. The relationships between one another have been portrayed in various ways, each one representing each gender differently. The representation of women has been a common and controversial subject. The female gender roles depicted in each time period have always been present in literature throughout history. These traditional female roles that society has placed on women have not always been evident. Even with different time periods, there has always been a break in the traditional female roles. Traditional female roles have

Mary Rowlandson and Anne Bradstreet were the two most famous women authors from this period. During this time, women were supposed to be silent, but that did not stop Rowlandson from writing this narrataive (Davis 50). For a woman to be able to write and publish a work, they had to meet certain conditions. Cotton Mather wrote Ornaments for the Daughters of Zion, which explained these conditions for women authors. Davis sums up Mather’s thoughts on women writing by saying, “The key to acceptable writing for women seems to be that these acts are commended by their virtue and therefore ‘without sin’” (49).

Illich, a non-conformist social critic of the institutionalization and bureaucratization of various areas of life previously regarded as personal, believed that the medical institution was intended to produce good but has instead damaged our humanness with several negative consequences. In his argument against the increasingly prominent heteronomous mode of production in the medical realm, he speaks of counterproductivity to criticize the heteronomous (the external aids) paralyzing the autonomous (us, the people) and our ability to do anything for ourselves. He argues that beyond a critical threshold, there are tipping points that produce the opposite of what they were intended to produce lead to terrible results.

Being a young woman of this generation, I have come to realize the validity of a common bumper sticker quote: Well-behaved women seldom make history. Despite the fact that there is no verified initial speaker to this statement, the older I have gotten, the wider my eyes have become and the more of the world around me, I have seen in its full, vivid colors rather than the simple, crisp black-and-white of childhood. In my elementary days, being anything other than well behaved was downright frightening. The ever-bearing fear of disapproval weighed heavy upon my little shoulders, because frankly, speaking against adults was unforgivable and meant no rewards in the form of sweets or shiny foil stickers with terrible plays on words. But, I digress, the trueness of the statement solidified itself the older I got when the reality became clear; women are to be an object, a fixture, a malleable ball of clay left for shaping at the hands of the man she shadows. However true this may be, this paper, my last soapbox to preach observations upon, aims to reference: The Wife’s Lament, Beowulf, Paradise Lost, The Flea, and The Poetess’s Hasty Resolution to reiterate and further emphasize the use of, shift in, and development of gender roles. My primary focus resting upon the roles of women in literature throughout the time-periods discussed within the span of the semester.

In this current era of western culture, a lot of questions and challenges are brought to light. If philosophy is supposed to speak about the human condition as a whole, have all voices been represented? The Key figures often noted in philosophy include Plato, Aristotle, Locke, Hume, and Rawls, among others. While these men have contributed much to the field, is there something really missing? Certain voices aren't brought to light, if philosophy wants to speak about all people there must be a wider variety of voices. In reading the Diotima piece, the author highlights a key point that is often overlooked by many students of philosophy. In the study of ancient western rhetoric, there is a large hole in what is studied. One group is mostly left out of the discussion. That voice belongs to women.

Throughout history and today, we women are constant victims of stereotyping from our society. Certain “rules” have to be followed and certain “ideal” women images have to be kept. We are raised in a way to fill certain position where the society wants us to be and as a result, the opportunities are always limited for us and ideas of our importance in the society are diminishing. Even though women gained some independence, where women can work and take various position in society, the society’s idea of typical role of women never seem to change.

Artificial reproductive technology (ART) is defined as procedures which stimulate a woman 's ovaries to produce eggs, the eggs are then removed, combined with sperm, and then returned to a woman 's body (Bell, 2016). ART is becoming more and more popular throughout that globe. This method of conceiving children gives women who may be struggling with infertility options that were not possible before the advent of such methods. ART is relevant to the sociological definition of global health because it is evidence of the fact that our world has become interdependent especially when it comes to medical technology. However with ART comes the notion of the culture of disguise and in many countries this is an integral part of artificial reproductive technology process. With that being said, sociologists should look to study and understand the culture of disguise in ART as it pertains to global health and it shapes interactions between people and the society they live in.