Comparing Democracy Gaps And Participation

We know that democracies are common among the economically urbanized countries and rare between the very deprived ones. The reason we scrutinize this pattern is not that democracies are more probable to emerge, as a result, of economic development but that they are to a large extent more possible to survive if they occur to emerge in most urbanized countries. The paths to democracy are diverse. Indeed, they appear to follow no unsurprising pattern. But once democracy is conventional, for whatever reasons, its endurance depends on a few, easily particular, factors.

Democracy and the challenges it is facing has been the main topic in the field of international politics since some Authoritarian regimes have raised again as a great power after a long time of absence. In this essay, we will look at some of the challenges facing the international democracy based on the work of Azar Gat “ The Return Of Authoritarian Great Powers”. The article is presenting the author view on the rise of authoritarian regimes as the main challenge of liberal democracy. The main part of my essay will be an illustration and reflection on a number of arguments that have been brought by the author. Additionally and before concluding my piece I will establish my own argument as a critical response to the article or more specifically to the Economic efficiency argument brought by Azar Gat.

“There is, then, an economic basis for the absence of democracy in the Arab world. But it is structural. It has to do with the ways in which oil distorts the state, the market, the class structure, and the entire incentive structure. Particularly in an era of high global oil prices, the effects of the oil curse are relentless: Not a single one of the 23 countries that derive most of their export earnings from oil and gas is a democracy today.”

Since the dawn of mankind, there has always been a struggle for power, from our primitive ancestors to our present day, supposed, enlightened times. There have been a variety of systems that spawned and died in the political world. It can be assumed that the fruition of democracy emerged after the desire to create a system in which it was equal, sustainable, and transparent and where human rights was recognized. Robert Dahl, a prominent political scientist, had believed creating a democratic society in which he considered was perfect had to have (Dahl, 2000): effective participation, equal voting, enlightened understanding, an open agenda setting and inclusion (p.37-38) . In the present day, there are many countries that consider themselves

The citizens of Kashfar have lived under numerous military dictatorships in their recent history. Although recent attempts have been made at instituting democracy, all have failed and the nation remains under military rule. This failure could have stemmed from multiple areas, a misdiagnosis of what ails Kashfar, misaligned institutions, premature release from constitutional medicine, and the advertisement of western ideals and political structures upon the states. Any combination of these aspects has proven to be devastating to an ailing state such as Kashfar. Through regression analysis, we have determined that political pluralism and participation, functioning of government, freedom of expression and belief, and rule of law are the

The data provided is helpful in determining the nations perception of democracy so that it may help improve and put in place interventions that promote

they were only in the mid 40% to a high in 1998 with merely 52% voter turnout (IDEA, 2015). Consequently, it is not a completely fair democracy.

Since the attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, a large focus of the Western Powers, like the United States, has been on the Middle East. Out of this has come a conclusion that this area of the world is prone to be more violent than other parts and this is largely to due to the Islamic religion. This the West has concluded in large part through observation coupled with some qualitative data. However, is this an adequate assertion of the area, and of the religion of Islam? To begin various types of violence will be explored quantitatively and qualitatively to see if there is a difference in the level of violence seen in the Middle East as compared to Western States. Once it has been determined if there exists a difference in

Democracy has become the most widespread political form of government during the past decade, after the fall of all its alternatives. During the second part of the 20th century, the 3 main enemies of democracy, namely communism, fascism and Nazism, lost most of their power and influence. However, democracy is still only to be found in less than half of this world's countries. China with a fifth of the total population "had never experienced a democratic government" and Russia still doesn't have a well established democracy. By adopting a democratic perspective, 3 types of governments emerge, non-democratic, new democracies, and old democracies, and all have a different challenge to overcome: either to become democratic, to "consolidate"

Pure authoritarian regimes are not likely to be established in advanced democracies today mainly because the rule of law in these types of democracies is so well instituted that free and fair elections and civil liberties are guaranteed. In other words, they not only protect political and civil rights, but also extend those rights and try to reduce inequality (Dickovic and Eastwood 115). Hence, even if an authoritarian leader manages to seize power, the social, economic and, most important, the political institutions will utilize the constitution or legal documents to make that leader comply with the law. Therefore, in case a country experiences a democratic breakdown, civil liberties and the rule of law will be restricted; perhaps the rule of law will be maintained, but to the dictator’s interpretation and desires. Moreover, because the international community has a vast amount of influence on domestic affairs it is more likely that a country will follow the standards imposed by it.

Contrary to popular belief among Americans, a large percentage of Muslims around the world actually support democracy. Pew Research Center

First of all, it is impossible to talk about groups of people without generalizing. At this point it must be emphasized that there is not just “one” Arab culture or society. The Arab world is full of rich and diverse communities, groups and cultures. Each of the Arab countries has different perspectives. That’s why differences exist not only among coun- tries, but within countries as well. With 22 countries formed, the Arab region has in some parts the same religious, politics and

Israel is the only Democracy in the Middle East. (MJL, 2017) They have a Parliamentary Democracy. (MJL, 2017) The current President of Israel is

Winston Churchill once remarked that “democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried”. In agreement with his statement, this paper will examine the problems of democratic governments using specific examples, and compare it to the failure of fascist governments in Nazi Germany and Italy and communist governments in the Soviet Union and China.

Democracy and its critics is a political science book written by Robert Dahl In 1989 and published by Yale University Press in America. The book looks at the assumptions of the democratic theory and is able to test them in relation to the questions raised by critics. Thereafter, Dahl suggests the ways in which the states must move towards improving their democracy.