Confident Differences

The words “certainty” and “doubt” have many varying connotations and implications given a specific context. Even though the definitions of these two words are considered polar opposites of each other, there is one connection between the two that is undeniable: both certainty and doubt can be taken with a grain of salt, as they are all merely just opinions specific to the person that those concepts are presented to. Adding on to that, there is also a concept relating to this; the idea that there is always “the certainty of doubt” and that they are merely two sides of the same coin.

Sexual harassment is always a legal topic in the work environment because the ramifications are so severe, but at the same time very abstract to describe what can constitute sexual harassment. This paper will take into consideration different elements of the law including Employment Law and cases tried before the U.S. Supreme Court. It will also offer suggestions for corrective action pertaining to the issue of sexual harassment in the workplace.

The first lawsuit claiming discrimination because of refusal of sexual advances by a coworker was filed in 1974. Although the term was never specifically used in the case, “Barnes v. Train (1974) is commonly viewed as the first sexual harassment case in America” (Fenelius, 2010). Paulette Barnes was hired as an administrative assistant in the Equal Employment Opportunities Division of the Environmental Protection Agency at grade GS-5 with a promise of “a promotion to grade GS-7 within ninety days” (“BARNES v. COSTLE”).

Recently, a number of researchers have included sexual harassment behaviours in their definitions of workplace violence and aggression.

Sexual harassment is a demeaning practice, one that constitutes a profound affront to the dignity of the employees forced to endure it.  By requiring an employee to contend with unwelcome sexual actions or explicit sexual demands, sexual harassment in the workplace attacks the dignity and self-respect of the victim both as an employee and as a human being. Sexual harassment is well defined as an unwelcome sexual request for sexual favors and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. In many countries, sexual harassment is considered a form of sexual abuse and employment discrimination. Sexual harassment is most prevalent is organizations both professional and academic, though it can occur almost anywhere.

Despite Teddy’s having a strict zero-tolerance sexual harassment policy, Ms. Pollard did not file a formal complaint. She felt threatened by her colleagues and supervisor. Ms. Pollard tried to report the pranks her co-workers did to her supervisor, Mr. King; however, instead of taking her seriously, Mr. King also verbally harassed her. Ms. Pollard will likely state that the

Every decision a person makes is based on some level of certainty, whether low or high. Certainty and doubt do not exist as opposites. The two ideas are based on level of belief, either low, in the case of doubt, or high, in the case of certainty. They exist as equals, both being able to lead to failure and success. One is not inherently better than the other; they both have the ability to lead to wild success or unfortunate defeat. To be either certain or doubtful, a person must have a strong belief about a subject; what that belief is does not matter as much as whether that belief is correct or inaccurate. Because they exist as equals, a decision between the two should stem from how strong the evidence is for each, and the strongest of this

The article “The Dark Triad and sexual harassment proclivity” consists of research that concerns the importance of individuals with tendencies that engage in sexual behaviors. It’s unfortunate that sexual harassment is even prevalent at such a high rate within our society. Moreover, it state that “44% of female and 19% of male federal employees report that they have been sexually harassed at work (United States Merit Systems protection Board, 1995). Consequently, there are results of sexual harassment within the job sector such as lack of job employment, lack of adjustment after the situations, and the like. Therefore, according to the article, researchers began to expand their understanding of sexual harassment and the causes of behavior that promote sexual harassment. More specifically, this article states “…Previous research has established that these traits are connected with aspects of sexual aggression (e.g. Figueredo, Gladden, Sisco, Patch, & Jones, 2015, Jones & Olderbak, 2014).

(2015) suggests that grievance procedures are not effective and the researchers do not encourage use of them. However, while McDonald and associates (2015) did not find grievance procedures to be effective, Lopez et al. (2009) did. Specifically, these researchers found that both grievance mechanisms and team organizations both led to a reduction in sexual harassment in the workplace (Lopez et al., 2009). However, McDonald et al. (2015) suggest that their finding may be due to the fact that there is a low quality of evidence in sexual harassment claims and these procedures do more to protect the company than the employees. Therefore, grievance strategies do not appear to be very effective. McDonald and colleagues did find that having a timely response to reports and having multiple people to report to both can increase satisfaction with reporting. With the literature on the existing interventions, it appears that there is a lack of cohesion between settings, which may be why the interventions do not focus on female correction

The following is a case study analysis on Case 9:12 Harassment and Chivalry. This particular case involves three different individuals, two of which are employed by the same Sports Fitness organization. One of those individuals goes by the name of Lee Ward. Lee is a manager at the sports fitness organization. Another individual employed by the same sports fitness organization as Lee Ward, goes by the name of Janice. Janice is not just any individual though, she is held to an extremely high regard both professionally as well as socially. In addition to Lee Ward and Janice the third person involved in this particular case is, Errol. Errol just so happens to be Janice’s partner.

In the film The Power of the Situation, an experiment was performed to examine the conformity of humans. For one of the studies, a small group of college students volunteered to perform in a prison setting acting as guards and prisoners. They had an excessive amount of tests ran before starting the experiment. Physical health and sound psychological tests were given to the students. Half of the students were randomly selected to be prisoners and the other half were selected to be guards.

There are many consequences to violators of workplace sexual harassment laws. It is up to the employer to exercise due care that their employees are not harassed. Sexual harassment has an impact on employers as well as its employees. When harassed workers lose concentration, when it interferes with their judgment, when they are difficult to motivate or tend to be late or absent, employers incur significant losses. In these circumstances, productivity may decrease, team work be jeopardized, and the risk of workplace accidents increase. Ultimately, employers may lose valuable workers, while others may be dissuaded from applying for vacancies.

Another form of sexual harassment is a hostile work environment. The hostile environment theory involves sexual advances between the supervisor and the employee. An employee’s work performance will be less effective due to these so-called sexual advances. However, a victim can file a complaint against their harasser so that they do not continuously force them to participate. Consequently, they will be forced to hand in their resignation. [This is an issue of power and has nothing to do with sex. For this reason, both male and females can be the harasser. The harasser’s main purpose is to force another to feel or act in a certain way. Sometimes, sexual harassment causes an individual from effectively performing his/her job. As a result, is undermines an individual’s dignity. In our society, there are three essential factors that relate to the issue of sexual advances. These elements are a divergence of perceptions, the complexity of human behavior and the attitudes of a sexist.]

There were two professor name Robert Worley and Vidisha Worley that wanted to conduct a study on correctional officer’s misconduct and the effect of intuitional deviance on care in the Texas prison. They conduct a survey questionnaire on five hundred and one Texas prison employees. They found out every year there are correctional officers that get fired from their job because of their deviant behavior at work while they are working their eight-hour shift. They also found out a lot of sexual assault has been going on between the guards and inmates. The guards are supposed to be getting paid to protect the inmates not harm them. “Other research indicates that the tendency for officers not to ‘‘rat’’ also contributes to an enormous amount of sexual abuse that is prevalent in female institutions and committed by male guards” (Worley). The researcher Worley content that males are responsible for starting sexual relationships with female’s correctional employees. In their finding, they had male inmates admit to establishing a sexual relationship with female employees who are perceived as weak and vulnerable. They ask the responders to tell them whether or not they feel “cared for” by their supervisor and administrations. Workley said, feeling "care for", also play a role in institiontual deviant. The researchers are trying to determine is feeling “cared for”, relates to deviant correctional officer behavior. After the researcher came up with the questions, they had a

Most of life's situations are learning experiences. People can learn what activities are right or wrong for them by experiences these emotions in different situations. These learning experiences can take place at home, school, the workplace, or anywhere else. The three major experiences that have given me confidence in my ability to learn have all taken place at Penn State University.