Congressional District : Democratic And State Level

Compared to California’s education demographics, San Leandro has a higher percentage of high school graduate, but a lower percentage of higher educational attainment compared to the entire nation (bachelor’s degree or higher). Using Thompson and Hickey’s model for social class in the United States (2005), my family would be considered working class. This is defined as “clerical, pink and blue collar workers with often low job security; common household incomes range from $16,000 to $30,000 [and] high school education” (Thompson et al., 2005). My mother currently works as a part-time waitress and is going to community college to receive an associate’s degree in accounting. My father has been working as a full-time cook at a Chinese restaurant in Oakland Chinatown for about 25 years. His highest level of educational attainment is high school. These racial and social class demographics are important in understanding my social location.

In my research of Austin, Texas I found out several interesting facts regarding the demographic makeup of the city. For example, the racial breakdown by race is whites 68%, blacks 8%, Hispanic are at 35% and foreign-born 18% The makeup is obviously different when you compare Austin to the US as a whole, however, it is interesting to see the “total picture”. The following is the breakdown for the US whites 72%, black 12.6%, Hispanic 17%, and foreign-born 13%.

Most local elections in California are nonpartisan. A nonpartisan election is an election in which the parties of the candidates are not printed on the ballots. Although the candidates may identify with one of the political parties, their preference is not shown on the ballot during the election. This causes candidates to have to work harder for their votes and make their agendas known to the public rather than relying on their political party to get them elected. In order for politicians to move up in the political ladder, they must have contributed greatly to their local office and have a decent resume to get them through. In a partisan election, candidates may be able to rely on his or her partisanship to get them elected. For example in a largely democratic area, a candidate may simply be elected just because his name is next to the word democrat on the ballot. This in turn strengthens the parties role because that candidate would owe the party for his or her election. Since California holds nonpartisan elections, candidates owe nothing to the party for their success during an election. They are able to move up in politics based on the impact they had made during their previous role. Although a large amount of the state offices has partisan elections, by the time a candidate has made it to a state election they have made a name for themselves without relying on the party to speak for them. Therefore, even

The writer, Maribel Garcia Ochoa, begins her piece with making the claim that because of Donald Trump being elected, California shaped this “defensive” attitude. Then Ochoa supported her claim with the evidence of the immigration policy issue. In addition, she believes that, “SB 54 would prevent the use of state and local resources to assist federal deportation efforts.” In fact, SB 54 has been recently amended in Senate on March 6, 2017. Another claim that Ochoa made was that California’s immigration policy was not completely for Asians it was also towards Mexicans. Ochoa used statistics, “Early into the ’30s, over 15 million Americans, about one quarter of all wage earners, were unemployed,” to show that once Mexicans entered California the unemployment rate of whites skyrocketed.

The Hispanic population has seen the greatest increase and makes up approximately 36 percent of the state’s population.

Pew Hispanic Center (2013), “Mapping the Latino Population, By State, County and City." Pew Research Center Hispanic Trends Project RSS. http://www.pewhispanic.org/2013/08/29/mapping-the-latino-population-by-state-county-and-city

The majority of the population is Caucasian (87%), followed by Hispanic (8%), American Indian (1%), Asian (2%), and African-American (1%).

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (2015) provided an overview of the Hispanic population, in which they reported the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) categorization of the population. Specifically, OMB defines Hispanics as a population which comprises of Cubans, Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, South and Central Americans as well as people from other Spanish cultures (CDC, 2015). According to a report compiled by the CNN Library (2015), Hispanics are the largest minority group in the United States. In fact, the size of the Hispanic group in the United States is only second to the size of the Hispanic group in Mexico. The report further explained that there were approximately 54 million Hispanic people in the United States by 2013. The number showed a 2.1% increase in the Hispanic population between 2012 and 2013 (CNN Library, 2015). The total Hispanic population in 2013 constituted about 17% of the United States total population. Gonzalez-Barrera and Lopez (2013) inferred that people of Mexican origin constituted the largest number of Hispanics in the United States. They maintained that there were approximately 33.7 million Hispanics from Mexico in the United States by 2012 (Gonzalez-Barrera & Lopez, 2013). The Mexican-Hispanics population is represented by people who are born in the United States and immigrants from Mexico.

Assess the extent to which incumbents have an adage over challengers in congressional elections. (25marks)

California Congressional District seven is located in eastern part of Sacramento County. It's has population of seven hundred eleven thousand five hundred eight people in the county as of 2010. The makeup of the district is whites make

It includes such neighborhoods as Riverdale, Fieldstone, Woodlawn, Williamsbridge, Eastchester, Yonkers, Mamaroneck, Rye, Larchmont, Pelham, Scarsdale, and many others. The demographic groups by race and ethnicity that dominate this district are white, black, and Hispanic. The majority of people within this district are white, who make up about thirty-six percent of the population. However, the 16th Congressional district is still relatively diverse, with black people making up about thirty-two percent of the population and Hispanic people making up about twenty-four percent. Additionally, a majority of the population in the 16th Congressional District are english speakers, with about thirty-three percent of the population speaking a language besides English at home. Moreover, the median household income level in the 16th Congressional District is about $69,086. Within the 16th District, about thirty-nine percent of the population make under $50,000, whereas about twenty-six percent make between $50,000 and $100,000, and about twenty-three percent make between $100,000 and $200,000. The income levels of the 16th Congressional District alludes to the idea that the people who Engel represents, primarily come from middle or upper-class backgrounds. Also, about eighty-five percent of the population within this district are high school graduates, and about forty percent have earned their bachelor’s degrees. These statistics reveal that the population is mostly well-educated. Given that a large portion of the population of the 16th District are either children or elderly, improving education, and providing both healthcare and an income safety net are two of the 16th District’s most significant needs. Both parties share concern over some of the issues within District 16, however, the Democratic Party allocates more resources to fulfill such needs.

Sacramento County is the 8th most populated county in the state of California out of 58 counties. The Greater Sacramento area consists of such areas as Sacramento, Arden, Arcade, Yuba City, and CA-NV combined area. According to the Census 2016 population estimates, the Greater Sacramento has a population of 1,514,460. The median household income is $55,987. The 86.6% of the population are high-school graduate or higher. There are 560,271 of total housing units. According to the Kidsdata.org, the are 358,835 children that is approximately 24% of total Sacramento County

They range from Mexico, with 3,910 representatives, to the Dominican Republic, with around three representatives. Bolivia, Haití, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Argentina, and Nicaragua are also represented (“Races in Goshen” 1). Most Hispanics from any of the above countries are around 20 years old (“Races in Goshen” 1). The Hispanics are welcomed into the schools in Goshen, but only fifty percent have a GED and completed high school education. 14% have some college education and even less, 8%, have a bachelor’s degree or higher (“Goshen IN Education Data”). With an average of so little education, the average income for a Hispanic in Goshen is 25-30 thousand dollars a year. This is makes sense when considering their primary place of employment is a job in manufacturing (“Races in Goshen” 1). All Hispanics do not work for manufacturing companies, but a majority of them find that being hired and working at such a company is very easy to access (“A Report on the Impact…” 13). The Hispanic population is large, and common to see around town in Goshen though most are young and have never graduated from high school.

Demographics is the study of human population based on statistical facts of the social and economic characteristics of a locality. This report describes the demographic outline of Orange County, California, which is located east of the Pacific Ocean and south of Los Angeles County. As of 2014, the population was 3,086,331 making it the third most populated county in Southern California (U.S. Census Bureau, 2014). Primarily known as “The OC,” Orange County is famous for its tourist attractions and beaches that stretch along more than 40 miles of coastline. The OC is a comprehensive metropolitan to its 34 cities, with the four largest cities each exceeding a population of 200,000 (Orange County, 2016). It ranked as the sixth most populous county in the United States showing a combination range of statistic data based off race and ethnicity, education, household and income, healthcare, and economy.

Hispanics comprise California’s largest minority group. They make up 37.6% of the total population (US Census, 2011). The term Hispanic defines a