Finally astronomers have unraveled the history of galaxies.
Astronomers in a new study have observed around 10,000 galaxies. Which are currently present in the Universe using a survey of the sky. Survey is created by the Herschel ATLAS and GAMA projects.
After that the astronomers classified these galaxies into two main types. Flat, rotating, disc-shaped galaxies and large, oval-shaped galaxies with a swarm of distorted stars.
The scientists using the NASA/ESA Hubble and NASA’s Herschel telescopes looked further out into the Universe. They want to observe the early galaxies. According to the scientists, 83 percent of all stars formed since the Bing Bang were actually located in disc-shaped galaxies.
But they have also explained that today only
…show more content…
This led to two disk-dominated galaxies were forced by gravity to merge into a single galaxy. The merger had also destroyed the disks and produced a huge pileup of stars.
But there is another theory too about this transformation. In this theory the transformation is a more gentle process. According to it the stars formed in a disk. Which is gradually moving to the center of a disk and producing a central pile-up of stars.
Professor Steve Eales of Cardiff University, UK is lead author on the study. According to him, many people have claimed before that this metamorphosis has occurred. But by using the Herschel and Hubble together for the first time the extent of this transformation has been accurately measured.
He also stated that galaxies are the basic building blocks of the Universe. And that is why this metamorphosis does represent one of the most significant changes. That happened in its appearance in the last 8 billion years. The professor explained that this study has shown to everyone that this kind of transformation is not exceptional. But it is in fact a part of the normal history of galaxy
Our never-ending thirst for knowledge has set our journey even further into space. The known universe consists of billions of stars and a lot of them have, most likely planets orbiting around them.
Whether it was spending ÅÇrigid nights beneath the open observatory dome photographing nebulae¡¦(Parshall et al, 1998, p.PG) or forever challenging the concepts that he deemed unsubstantial, Hubble made it his lifelong ambition to ascertain as much information about the universeÃÔ vastness as he possibly could. Of all the monumental discoveries that were credited to HubbleÃÔ perseverance, one of the most important concerned the issue of receding galaxies. By all appearances, Hubble had stumbled onto the fact that ¡¦the cosmos was expanding, flying apart as if it has once been highly concentrated¡¦(Parshall et al, 1998 p.PG). Little did he know at the time, but his discovery would come to represent the big bang theory that has evolved as such a well-known concept within the worldÃÔ contemporary scientific society. Hubble was a US astronomer who studied extragalactic nebulae and demonstrated them to be galaxies like our own. He found the first evidence for the expansion of the Universe, in accordance with the cosmological theories of George Lema and Willem de Sitter, and his work led to an enormous expansion of our perception of the size of the Universe.
That the universe extended beyond the Milky Way was already widely surmised, and this discovery didn't change much. The revolution came when Hubble compared these newfound distances with the velocities of galaxies, which can be determined by measuring their color spectra. To his surprise, he found the two to be nearly linearly correlated, leading to the conclusion that every galaxy is receding from every other galaxy, and the universe as a whole is expanding.
Curtis argued that while yes, the Milky Way did spin much like a whirlpool, the spiral nebulae were not on the same level that the Milky Way is, and like the whirlpool the nebulae were like birds that flew over the water of the whirlpool. With this in mind Curtis argued that the nebulae had to be outside of our galaxy, and since they spun similar to the Milky Way, he believed that they were separate galaxies much like our own.
Scientists using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have discovered that the i halo of gas enveloping the Andromeda galaxy, our nearest massive neighbor, is about six times larger and 1,000 times more massive than previously measured. The dark, nearly invisible halo stretches about a million light-years from its host galaxy, halfway to our own Milky Way galaxy. One of the most common types of galaxies in the universe.
But they later discovered that there were more out there. When one day they aim there telescope at a patch of light and heard a sound coming, and realizing there was a galaxy far outside the Milky Way. The Galaxy that they found was the Andromeda Galaxy, this galaxy is 2.5 million light years away from Earth. The Astronomers where also surprise by the fact that the more distant a galaxy is the faster it’s moving, but it happens everywhere. For example, if you were in a different galaxy you will see the same effect that you are the center and everything else is moving away. Today the temperature of the cosmos today is three degrees above the coldest possible temperature and that is absolute
The announcement of stars that can be changed and created as greatly as Tycho described it, along with the heliocentric theory, where the sun was the center of the universe instead of the Earth, that was brought up from Copernicus, shook confidence in the unchangeable laws of the distant past and prompted that the chaos and imperfections of Earth were emulated in the heavens. With the help of the new star’s discovery in 1572, as well as his publicized observations of it in 1573, Tycho revolutionized from an amateur to a professional astronomer.
Okay so it all started as a nebular cloud. This this crowd was gargantuan it was about two light-years across from end to end and it was very cold and not dance at all. Since this cloud was so spread apart I meant that gravity alone was not enough Force to cause the particles of the clouds to come together. This means that some outside force had to act upon the cloud and that force was probably the explosion of a nearby star. When the star exploded it started a chain reaction that allowed gravity to take hold of the particles and begin the compression of the particles.
We are lucky enough in our lifetime to be able to physically see images of different stellar bodies. Not only are we able to view these beautiful space pictures, but we can see them in high definition. It’s incredible that we have advanced enough to send out objects that will last millions of light years away and send back pictures and data on each object in our solar system. The Hubble Telescope has been a great champion in showing us the wonders of our universe. Here are 5 shocking space pictures that remind us how incredible the universe really is.
In 1941, the astronomer Fritz Zwicky discovered one of the more interesting celestial objects in the Cartwheel galaxy; its unique shape earned it its name. The galaxy belongs to a group of galaxies that make up the Sculptor constellation. It is approximately five hundred million light-years away and about one hundred fifty thousand light years across.
The late 1920’s most galaxy he observed we are moving away from earth. Each planet are moving farther and farther apart.Even galaxy gets feather apart. Did you know that it takes the light from the sun to the earth it takes 7 minutes to travel from there to here.
Next what did Edwin Hubble find. He found a place where Andromeda Nebula that is far outside of our star system at a distance of 450,000 parsecs. And he made a settlement when he identified extragalactic the Cepheid variable
On October 21, 2016, I went to the observation of the Global Clusters and Mars. The first telescope I went to was the Nebula. I learned that it had a grey ring around it and that the sun will look like this in approximately five billion years. It was at first quite difficult to locate but then once I angled my head a bit, it was easily located. It looked like a small cluster of gas that I was looking at.
This observation means that it has taken every galaxy the same amount of time to move from a starting position to its current position. This observation is called "Hubble's Law," named after Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) who discovered this in 1929. Edwin Hubble’s evidence supports the expansion of the universe and suggests that the universe was once compacted. Third, if the universe was insanely hot as the Big Bang suggests, scientists should be able to find some of this heat left over. In 1965, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered a 2.725 degree Kelvin Cosmic Microwave Background radiation which infuses the observable universe. This is thought to be the remnant that scientists were looking for. Finally, the discovery of great amounts of Helium and Hydrogen lead to support the Big Bang Theory. (LaRocco)
Once microwave radiation was discovered, studies improved on the Milky Way Galaxy. Its Doppler Shift can be used to map the motion of gas in it. Also, with radio telescopes, hydrogen gas can now be traced. When the Hubble Space Telescope was introduced in 1990, that made exploring space so much easier and more efficient. That’s how we discovered so much about our universe- including galaxies!