Cystic Fibrosis: A Case Study

NIH-03: Advisory and Management Support for the P5 (Opportunity) – Anne, Don, Marni, Natasha and Ryan

Five year old Ellis Miles undergoes numerous treatments each day to counteract the symptoms that accompany cystic fibrosis including physiotherapy, pills containing digestive enzymes, and a treatment which breaks up the mucus in her lungs. Cystic Fibrosis has numerous life threatening symptoms and while there is no cure, there are several treatments that a typical patient undergoes each day to combat these symptoms. The most prominent symptom associated with Cystic Fibrosis is a thick mucus that clogs up tubes that carry out crucial roles in the human body. This mucus especially affects the respiratory tract. Mucus builds up in the respiratory tract making it difficult for individuals with cystic fibrosis to have a frequent cough that produces a thick

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease affecting Canadians (2). CF can affect multiple organs; however, the most fatal symptoms occur in the lung. As of 2013, the median age of survival for CF is roughly 50 years old with treatment (3). However, patient life-span decreases dramatically when treatment options such as antibiotics and enzymes are not administered, and nutritional changes or lung transplants are not made (3). Currently, there is no cure for CF, although current treatments can improve patient outcome.

In light of question number three A-B, Cystic fibrosis causes variations from the norm in almost all exocrine and numerous endocrine organs. This disturbance of organs extremely thwarts the elements of the Pancreas during absorption bringing about “…an abnormal mucous secretion that causes obstruction of single mucin-producing cells. The pancreas secretes less enzyme (ex: trypsin, lipase and amylase), so malabsorption ensues with its attendant deficiency disorders” (Walsh et al.)

The testing of your child's screening has come back. I am sorry to inform you that your child is suffering from Cystic Fibrosis according to the sweat test. Although your child has this, it is at an early stage and can be treated. Cystic fibrosis is a defect (mutation) in a gene that changes a protein that regulates the movement of salt in and out of cells (Cystic Fibrosis, October 2016). Your child may suffer from some symptoms like thick, sticky mucus in the respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems, as well as increased salt in sweat. A persistent cough that produces thick mucus, wheezing, breathlessness, exercise intolerance, repeated lung infections, inflamed nasal passages and/or a stuffy nose are common symptoms (Cystic Fibrosis Symptoms, 2018).

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease. It’s very common In the United States. It’s also very common amongst the Caucasian population. Its effects 1 in every 3,000 new born babies. Cystic fibrosis is less common in other ethnic groups. Effecting 1 in every 17,000 African Americans and 1 in every 30,000 Asian Americans. It causes the body to make a very thick type of mucus. The mucus is caused by an unbalance in salt in a person’s body. Leaving few to no salt and water on the outside of cells. When this happens the thin mucus that keeps the lungs free of germs becomes sticky. Cystic fibrosis effects the liver, lungs, pancreas, and the intestines. This disease makes it hard to breath and causes serious lung infections. The mucus affects the digestion by blocking the pancreas

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system most often. In the United States some 30,000 children and adults have CF. There are approximately 1,000 new cases of cystic fibrosis diagnosed each year in the US with 70% of patients diagnosed with CF by the age of two, 40% of patients with CF are 18 or older. In the 1950's most children with CF did not survive to attend elementary school, but in 2006 the median age of survival was 37 years (Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, 2007).

Many years ago people were diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis but there was no cure. Children were dying from this disease at very young ages. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation was then formed in 1955 by mothers who were determined to find a cure for their dying children. There is still no cure but there are treatments that help with the infections that grow in the lungs of people with CF. There are people still researching for a way to cure Cystic Fibrosis, but what is the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation all about?

Cystic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis) is a disease that changes how the body produces sweat, and mucus glands. It causes organs such as the lungs to not function properly, and could be life threatening. Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disease, and affects around 70,000 people worldwide. Every year a thousand new cases are reported.

Cystic fibrosis, an inherited disease of the secretory glands that affects the liver, pancreas, intestines, lungs, sinuses, and sex organs, affects about 30,000 Americans with 1,000 new cases diagnosed each year. Normal mucus is a watery, slick substance made by the tissues that keeps the inside of organs moist, preventing infection. People with cystic fibrosis have thick and sticky mucus that builds up in their lungs, blocking the airways. This buildup can cause serious lung diseases from bacteria growth that damages the lungs. This damage to the lungs can cause severe breathing problems which can lead to respiratory failure. Respiratory failure is the most common cause of death in people with cystic fibrosis. The thick and sticky mucus also can block the tubes that carry important enzymes from the pancreas to the small intestines that are needed to break down food and for your body to absorb the nutrients essential for one’s health.

​Cystic fibrosis is a disease that is continually affecting children and adults in the United States. This is an inherited and life-threatening disease which affects many organs in the body. According to the Center for Disease Control, there are an estimated 30,000 people affected by this disease today. There are also approximately 2,500 babies born each year with Cystic fibrosis and unfortunately there are millions of people unaware they even carry the gene for this disease.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) can be hard to perceive because the word does not really describe what the disease really is. When we think of the word Fibrosis, we associate it with a lot of scarring and we relate the word cystic to mean fluid filled sacs. Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is genetic; which means that it comes from our genes and is encoded in our DNA. Our DNA is shaped like a double helix and humans have fourth-six pairs of these in which we get one from each of our parents. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive disease and is not considered to be dominate. Recessive and dominant refers to how many copies of the defective genes, one has to have in order to get a disease. The letter B is considered as normal gene and b is considered as an abnormal gene. The little b is the gene that carries the mutation for cystic fibrosis (CF). So if we get one gene from our dad and the other gene from our mom it would translate as big B or little b. These genes can produce four possible combinations. BB, Bb, bB, or bb. In order for a disease to be recessive, an individual would have to have two copies of the defective genes (bb), where one comes from the father and the other would come from the mother. A dominant disease differs from recessive disease because an individual only needs one copy of the defective gene in order to have the disease. According to New England Medical Doctors Durie and Knowles

An disease that can people can get that deal with enzymes is Cystic Fibrosis. Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that can cause the body to produce mucus that is extremely thick and sticky. The reason why it is thicker than normal is because the disease affects the cell epithelium. The epithelium the the layer of cells that lines the passages in the body's organs. This disease that affect two organs are lungs and pancreas. The thickness of the mucus cause breathing and digestive problem. This also means the thicker the mucus have trouble moving out of the lungs which causes bacteria to remain in the organ which causes the infection.

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease that ultimately leads to death. It affects every racial group worldwide, but its prevalence varies from country to country. In those with cystic fibrosis, the lungs and digestive system are primarily affected by the disease. With the new developments in treatment and management, the 50 percent survival rate from the 1970’s has greatly improved, allowing patients to continue to live their lives longer than ever expected in the past. The new developments in prevention of exacerbations, therapy drugs and methods to preserve lung function have done great things to help patients extend their lives.

My research paper is going to be on the disease Cystic Fibrosis. Before I begin I want to