The guiding question for the ADI lab was, “Which balanced chemical equation best represents the thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate?” The goal of the lab was to determine which one, of the four given, chemical equations best represents how atoms are rearranged during the thermal decomposition of the compound (NaHCO3). The atomic theory states that a chemical reaction is the rearrangement of atoms with no atoms being destroyed and no new atoms being produced during the process. Since that is true it helps to explains The Law of conservation of mass, which states that mass is conserved during a chemical reaction. The goal of this observational lab was achieved by conducting and observing an experiment. Before beginning, some dimensional analysis was done to each of the four given equations (Table 1). …show more content…
The experiment started by measuring 2 grams (1 ⁄42 of a mole) of the solid substance, NaHCO3, in a crucible (10.4 grams including crucible) and then placing it on a pipe-stem triangle over a bunsen burner. The substance was left over the bunsen burner for a total of 13 minutes. In those minutes observations were made, like a gas releasing from the crucible. After those timed minutes, the burner was turned off and the crucible, with the remaining substance still left inside, was left on the pipe-stem triangle to cool. After seven minutes of cooling the crucible was then remeasured, on a scale, and weighed 1.2 g of NaHCO3 (9.6 grams including crucible). With this it was determined that the second potential explanation best represented the thermal decomposition of sodium
If the amount of baking soda used in this experiment increases (0.2 g, 0.4 g, 0.6 g, 0.8 g, or 1 g), then the volume (mL) of the carbon dioxide released from the decomposition will also increase. In any chemical reaction, the atoms of the reactants are rearranged to form the product. Thus, as particles cannot be created or destroyed, the mass of the carbon dioxide released cannot increase or decrease unless the mass of the baking soda is changed.
In the experiment, What Goes Around Comes Around, the element copper was put through a series of chemical changes to observe whether or not the final copper precipitate had the same mass as the initial mass of the copper. The purpose of this lab is to prove the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that mass cannot be created nor destroyed. In the experiment, if the final mass of the copper precipitate is equal to the initial mass of copper, this law is proven because the copper was not destroyed in the chemical reactions nor was it created. Copper was first combined with the compounds nitric acid(HNO3), water(H2O), and sodium hydroxide(NaOH). This mixture was first chemically separated using heat to boil out the water. The aqueous solution
The objective of this lab was to use prior knowledge about the Law of Conservation of Matter and of different types of chemical reactions in order to evaluate if aluminum disappears during the reaction and copper appears. The reaction that occurred between Copper (II) Chloride and aluminum was a single replacement reaction. Clear signs that a chemical reaction took place include heat release/temperature change, color change, and formation of a precipitate. When a single element, in this instance aluminum, replaces another element in a compound, copper, a single replacement reaction occurs. A basic formula for these reactions is AB + C → AC + B.
A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. In this lab, the five general types of chemical reactions were conducted and observations were taken before, during, and after the reaction. Then the reactants and observations were used to determine the products to form a balanced chemical equation. The purpose of this lab was to learn and answer the question: How can observations be used to determine the identity of substances produced in a chemical reaction?
4. The melting points of the solids were tested by placing them in crucibles and heating them using a hot plate.
| NaHCO₃ reacts with the hydrochloric acid by heating up violently, bubbling, dissolves, and new gas formation
To begin Lab 7 of Chem 115, a clean and dry porcelain crucible and its cover were obtained. Next, an iron ring was attached to a ring stand. A clay triangle was placed on top to the ring and a Bunsen burner was placed under the ring. Following the setup for the experiment, the crucible and its cover were placed on the clay triangle and were heated for about five minutes. After, the burner was turned off and the crucible and cover were left to cool to room temperature. Once the crucible and its cover had reached room temperature, tongs were used to move them to a wire gauze. Using the wire guaze, the crucible and its cover were transported to an analytical scale to weigh and record the mass of it. Next, a strip of magnesium was obtained and
Sodium bicarbonate reacts easily to strong acids like hydrochloric acid, so if it were to be used in this experiment instead of vinegar it would produce a higher percent by mass of NaHCO3. This would mean that the points on the graph would be positioned higher in comparison to the graph in Figure 1.
The relationship between mass of the product and mass of the reactant taken directly from the balanced chemical equation and molar masses of the involved species is used in this experiment to find the mass of the unknown sample. In this experiment the unknown sample is found out ,which will be on of the following salts:NaHCO3,Na2CO3,KHCO3K2CO3.Only the fixed mass of reactant react together to produce fixed mass of products.
The purpose of this experiment is to distinguish the relationships between reactants and products, in addition to expanding on concepts such as single displacement reactions, mole ratio values, moles to mass, theoretical yields, limiting reactants, excess, stoichiometric relationships and percentage errors.
The guiding question of this ADI lab was, “What are the identities of the unknown compounds?” The goal of this lab was to understand the relationships between moles and molar mass to find the identity of unknown compounds. The mole can be used to measure small amounts of a substance or is used to convert from unit to unit using dimensional analysis. One mole is equivalent to the molar mass in grams of that substance. If you start with the moles of an unknown substance, multiply it by a given compound’s molar mass, and then divide it by however many moles are in the compound of your choice, you will get the mass of the compound. With that answer you can then compare with mass of the compound in the bag to determine its identity. We first started
As told at the beginning of this lab report, our aim of this experiment was to test the validity of Hess’s law which suggests that the enthalpy change of a reaction must be equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes of the other reactions that relate to the original reaction. Our result achieved from this experiment is the simple proof of Hess’s Law’s validity.
Stoichiometry has many uses in the real world. In the chemical industry and in professional scientific experiments, scientists use stoichiometry to save money. Scientists use stoichiometric calculations to determine the amount of a substance they need to purchase for a specific reaction. There are four possible reactions that can occur when sodium bicarbonate thermally decomposes. In this lab, stoichiometry was used to find out which balanced chemical equation out the four best represents the thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate.
The purpose of this lab was to test the law of conservation of mass by comparing the total mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction with the total mass of the product.
Purpose: This lab taught procedures for determining heat of capacity of a calorimeter and measuring enthalpy of change for three reactions. It also enforced methods of analyzing data obtained through experimentation and calculating enthalpy. These procedures are used in the branch of thermodynamics known as thermochemistry which is the study of energy changes that accompany chemical reactions. Concepts from this lab can be used to determine the potential energy of a chemical reaction. Much of the energy people depend on comes from chemical reactions. For example, energy can be obtained by burning fuel, metabolizing of food or discharging a batter.