preview

Depleted Uranium Contamination

Better Essays

Depleted Uranium Contamination
From Military Activities
1. Introduction

Depleted uranium (DU, Q-metal, D-depletalloy, or D-38) is uranium with a lower concentration of the fissible isotope U-235 than natural uranium. Natural uranium consists of 99.28% U-238, 0.71% U-235, and 0.0054% U-234.1 Nuclear reactors use uranium as their basic fuel in the form of UO2.2 DU is a byproduct from enriching natural UO2 to use in these nuclear power reactors. Uranium decays slowly by emitting an alpha particle. U-238 has a 4,510,000,000-year half-life and U-235 has a 247,000-year half-life; which means that DU is significantly less radioactive than natural uranium. Although it also has civilian uses, DU byproduct majorly has military uses.3,4 Properties that make DU suitable for military weaponry, as a part of kinetic-based armor-piercing shells are its high density and pyrophoric nature.5
It wasn’t until the 1970’s the Pentagon began searching for material to make denser armor-piercing projectiles that DU started being used in conflicts. After testing various metals, researchers decided to choose DU. The US and NATO militaries …show more content…

Air and soil samples were collected from southwest provinces of Iran and assessed for DU content. A total of 22 air samples and 20 soil samples were collected. Table 1 gives the cities where the samples were gathered and number of samples for both, air and soil. Table 2 gives the exact location (in coordinates) where the samples were obtained; name code for air and soil samples are also given. Gamma dose rate was also measured for each sample and are given in Table 2 as well. Alpha-beta and gamma spectrometers were used for measuring 235U and 238U activities. With 235U /238U ratio in samples in comparison to natural 235U /238U ratio in natural U, it would be possible to find out the probability of DU in all

Get Access