To: Professor Martin, WTSN 104, Section 57 From: Ryan O’Connell Date: February 7, 2015 Re: Research Paper #1 Problem Statement: Design an AUV to record the lives of deep-sea organisms. Introduction: AUV’s are improving and technologically advancing to allow scientists and deep-sea researchers to explore the vast unknown of the underwater world. AUV’s are automated underwater vehicles that can explore bodies of water without the influence of an external control source. Although AUV’s have made much progression in the engineering world our research shows that they still need improving. The engineering element is not the only aspect that goes into making AUV’s, but also comes with a variety of other factors including the region in which …show more content…
The large-scale system of currents that carry large bodies of water globally throughout the world is a major factor that has to be considered when the construction of an AUV is in effect. This enormous system of currents is known as the “global conveyor belt”. Not only is the global conveyor belt a huge importance to bear in mind, but also in which part of the global conveyor belt will the AUV be exploring. The global conveyor belt is greatly affected by the thermocline layer of the ocean. The thermocline layer of the ocean is between the deep-water layer of the ocean and the mixed-water layer, which lies at the top of the sea near the surface. Based on which layer of the ocean the water is in can induce many different properties such as temperature and density and can influence different components of the global conveyor belt. Although the thermocline layer of the ocean is a huge influence on the way the global conveyor belt flows, there are many other factors that contribute to the natural movement of the large-scale currents (University of Illinois, 2010, n.p.). This widespread system of currents starts its cycle all the way up in the North Atlantic near the North Pole. In the beginning of its cycle the water begins on the surface of the ocean and is low in temperature due to the freezing conditions in the Northern
Ocean currents are continuous movements of seawater that can transport cool or warm water, as well as Carbon Dioxide. When tectonic plates move they can open and close oceanic gateways that link to major ocean basins, controlling the global circulation of ocean currents, which can cause a shift in the transportation of heat and salt from the equator to polar regions.
After completing the entry of a package of six Russian kilos on January 20, 2017, Vietnam has officially become a member of the "submarine club". With the existing six submarines, Vietnam's ability to defend and control territorial waters has increased significantly. However, with the topographic features of the South China Sea, kilos can not work effectively in certain areas such as estuaries, bays or islands, this is necessary for the purpose of Vietnam's sea defense in the current geopolitical situation. So, sooner or later, the second submarine brigade, that is based on high mobility mini submarine that replenishing the existing six Kilos, must be established . This paper will demonstrate that mini submarines are
Ocean currents effect hurricanes far more than hurricanes effect ocean currents. Surface ocean currents carry the warm waters to the hurricane breeding areas and fuel the storms with warm currents along their paths. Cold water currents also play a major role in robbing the storms of one of their sources of fuel when hurricanes pass over the colder currents, like the ones along the eastern U.S. border. Hurricanes with their strong winds cause huge waves, mix warm surface waters and their currents, with the deeper cooler water. Not much is known about what happens to that warmer water once it has been sunk into the depths of the ocean but some suggest that the heat is transported towards the poles via ocean currents (Bettex, n.d.). The Gulf of Mexico’s loop current creates large warm water eddies in the gulf and is likely intensifying hurricanes that pass over them. These eddies are blamed for fueling some of the worst storms ever, like Katrina and Rita ("Ocean Motion and Surface Events", n.d.).
The fastest moving current in the worlds’ ocean is the Gulf Stream. The quickly flowing, warm current originates in the Gulf of Mexico in the Atlantic and flows north along the east coast.
Robert Ballard was born in Kansas, but grew up in San Diego, California, and his fascination with the Ocean started with the tide pools. Once Ballard was 19 he got a job at the aerospace company’s Ocean Systems Group with the help of his father and the company was competing for a contract to build a three-man deep-ocean submersible and a few years after Ballard and his team worked on a submersible known as ALVIN, which was the first submersible
normal pattern of west to east because of the lack of ice disrupting the “jet stream.” Finally, the
The coastal marine space surrounding the United States is vast. Poor access to supporting resources such as fuel or communications, means manned patrol vessels face challenges with monitoring resolution, mission endurance, crew comfort, and information relay. A combination of low cost autonomous vessels and buoys, both at the surface and underwater, can help mitigate these issues. However, existing systems have varying capabilities that make each suited to particular types of tasks.
Recently, oil companies have increased their search for oil in water deeper than 1,500 feet, which is classified as "deep water." While that is where the companies hope to find the largest untapped oil reserves, seeking out and extracting oil there presents unique challenges. For one thing, platforms in deep water cannot sit on legs connected to the sea floor the way they can in shallower areas, so other methods must be used to protect them from strong currents.
Now do you think there’s some giant creature down in the ocean turning a paddle wheel to move the water along? No, it’s definitely not what Neptune or Poseidon do! It turns out that the Ocean Conveyor Belt is powered by differences in density.
The dense, cooled water becomes part of what is termed the Ocean Conveyor and the water eventually returns to the surface in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. As warm water returns to the Atlantic, the current moves pole wards as the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift, warming northwestern Europe substantially. In addition,
The ocean's surface waters are separated from colder, deeper water by a thermocline. The upwelling of cold waters, along the equator in the eastern half of the pacific basin, can be blocked when sea level is high, resulting in warm events. When sea levels are low the thermocline tends to be shallow, allowing upwelling motions to bring cold water to the surface, resulting in cold conditions. How it's measured is by devices used to track decadal variability and climate patterns which includes thermometers, rain gauges, and stream gauges. Sea surfaces temperature is important in tracking ENSO and other ocean oscillations. This can be measured by the distance
Then there are the ocean currents- they vary in depth whereas some flow below the ocean surfaces, hundreds of feet below. However, this is nothing compared to the unfathomable ‘seiche’ waves. There has been several incidents of placid oceans suddenly conjuring huge waves. Furthermore, few scientists have claimed that the ocean floor is
This article focuses on how some international scientist’s measurement and analysis the ocean heat using past and present tools. Such as weather and climate data, the Global Temperature-Salinity reports, the World Ocean Database, the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) dataset, and the Global Argo Data Repository of ocean temperatures. Sea surface temperatures in our Global Climate Reports. The study shows the importance of the ocean and the changes in heat distribution between the ocean basins are important for understanding future climate change.
i. These vehicles could be used to collect data for climate research, ocean exploration, offshore oil exploration and production and even surveillance of pipelines and telecommunications.