Discuss The Causes Of Darwin's Attack

On Febuary 19th, 1942, Japanese forces launched two air raids on the city of Darwin. The attack was lead by the same commander who was responsible for the Pearl Harbour catastrophe, which occurred only 10 weeks earlier. The Japanese were planning to invade Timor, therefore they bombed Darwin in an effort to frighten Australia and its allies and prevent any of their forces leaving the country. Over 260 enemy planes attacked the city, destroying twenty military aircraft, eight ships and the majority of civil facilities, including the local hospital.

In this essay I will be talking about the impact of the fall of Singapore on Australia’s immediate security, and also be giving a brief background of important events during that time.

Not long before 10:00am, on February 19, 1942 the Japanese forces commenced air raids on Darwin. Over 260 enemy planes attacked Australian and US shipping, the harbour of the town, military and civil aerodromes and the local hospital. There were two waves of attacks which were part of Japan's efforts to harm Australia's confidence, hold back the use of Darwin's military base, and at last secure neighbouring Timor. At least 243 people were killed in the attack and up to 400 people were injured. Eight ships in the harbour were sunk and twenty military aircraft were destroyed. Over a space of almost two years the air attacks continued and about half of Darwin's population ended up moving south.

Illustrating the actual and potential impacts of climate change this paper seeks to dramatize the impacts climate change could have on Australia’s national security if action to cut carbon emissions is not taken.

The Second World War was a massive event that left the whole world shocked and saddened of the outcomes. World War 2 was known mostly because of who ruled, Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazis. The Nazis where a German army who terrorized Europe and the world with the in humane treatment of people and mostly the treatment of the Jews. Australia’s involvement in ww2 will be the main focus of this essay. Australia lost over 30 000 people who became in prisoned by the Nazis. To follow on with the hypothesis of Australia’s involvement and contributions to WW2 was significant due to their alliances with Great Britain and the USA largely affect Australia even to this day, I will be discussing this through the rest of the essay.

Japan believed they were the fountain of the Yamato race and believed they were superior to any other asian race (Document A). Japan also thought that America would crumble and become “Old Orders” (Document A). Japan's expansion into Asia caused them to go after the bigger countries.

Japan’s surprise attack on the United States came as a complete shock. The attacks cost

There were numerous strategic and political reasons that lead to the bombing of Pearl Harbour on December 7th, 1941. However nationalism, militarism and imperialistic notions were key influential factors, which together contributed to the almost complete annihilation of the US Pacific fleet. Based on Japan’s nationalistic beliefs of superiority over Asian nations, the surprise attack attempted to fulfill a change in the balance of power within South East Asia and expose the vulnerability of the West.

These had the effect of Australia feeling vulnerable and lonely, and all the traditional beliefs of the mother country, Britain, coming to Australia’s aid in time of need vanished and with the reaction of Britain towards Australia, Australian Government had to accept the fact that they were only expendable part of the British Empire. Australia, led by the Curtin Government at the time, at last realized the limits of British powers, yet desperate in need of allies and protectors, looked up to the United States as the only support to assist Australia. This realization made a great impact in the changes of the relationships between Britain and Australia. United States did come to rescue Australia in 1942 but the motive was for its self interest because Australia was the best place from which the Americans could apply its counter offenses against the Japanese, and when General MacArthur arrived in Australia he was greatly welcomed by the Australia government, seeing as they didn’t have much choice other than follow US military strategies due to the fall of British power.

On December 7th 1941 Japanese forces launched a sneak attack on a U.S. naval base. Hundreds were killed and of the 8 ships on station only 3 were not destroyed and even those were badly damaged(Naval History And Heritage Command). This attack was not only bad for America's military, but her people as well. This raid was a defining moment in history, it had a profound affect on America and her people. Causing abruptly, the joining of america in the second world war.

To begin with, the underlying cause of Japan attacking Pearl Harbor has to deal with the United States stopping Japan’s efforts to create a new world order. In 1938, Japan announced their plan for a new

Although the Australians eventually pushed back the Japanese in the Battle of Kokoda. They were not always certain to win the war. Owing to a combination of factors such as, the Incompetence of Australian Command, the Discipline and Attitude of Japanese soldiers, difficult terrain and weather, Early Errors and an outbreak of diseases, the Australians would have been defeated. There was a real threat of defeat.

On this morning, before the attack it was reported that a Bay Watcher on Melville Island and Father John McGrath on Bathurst Island spotted the approaching Japanese planes. Darwin received both radio reports, but didn’t take any action, because they believed that they saw the ten US Kittyhawks and a Liberator bomber which had been sent earlier to Timor. If action had been taken the outcome would have been different. Although they didn’t take action from these calls Darwin was expecting an attack, and evacuations had already taken place, but Darwin’s military and civil administrators had no experience or professionalism in defence. These attacks were the first of 97 raids against

Sometimes a battle is more than just a fight between two opposing forces, as it can be a turning point in history. On December 7, 1941, the United States was in a state of shock as Japan decided to launch an attack on the naval base of Pearl Harbor. It was completely unexpected as many sailors thought the attack was just a drill, but in the end, it resulted in many casualties. Japan’s decision to attack Pearl Harbor was a mistake because the United States declared war on Japan the day after the attack. The United States decision to join World War II was a major support to the Allies, as it eventually led to the defeat of the Axis powers. Thus, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was a turning point in history as it brought a nation

Japan violated proportionality with two bombings: The bombing of Darwin and the bombing of Pearl