Does the Lack of Exercise and Healthy Eating Habits Contribute to Peripheral Artery Disease?

There are multiple factors that lead to the development cardiovascular disease. While some individuals are born with conditions that predispose them to strokes or heart disease, a majority of people participate in a combination of risk factors that lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. A few of those risk factors include a lack of physical activity, smoking, and poor diet. The more frequently individuals expose themselves to these risk factors the higher their chances of developing cardiovascular disease.

Peripheral Arterial Disease is a common secondary disease that follows Atherosclerosis. Once so much plaque builds up in the arteries, they become block the blood flow. P.A.D. usually affects the lower extremities and can cause intermittent claudication and, if severe enough, gangrene. Many people live with atherosclerosis and P.A.D. and show no symptoms. There are numerous prevention methods for P.A.D that is similar to preventing any cardiovascular disease. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is by far, the best form of prevention.

The cardiovascular disease defines conditions that affect the heart or blood vessels. Thrombosis, which emanates from blood clots, reduced blood flow to the heart, brain and the rest of the body. When fatty acids deposit in the artery, it hardens and narrows. These issues lead to stroke, coronary heart disease, aortic disease and peripheral arterial disease. Coronary heart disease occurs due to a reduced or blocked flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart. It is a result of accumulated fats in the coronary arteries. Coronary arteries are a set of blood vessels that take blood to the heart. When they become narrow, the heart gets less of a supply of blood and oxygen causing chest pains, called angina or a heart attack, explains VanMeter &

Over recent years, people are faced with different health related issues regardless of the advancement in the medical field (Kronenfeld, 2008). In this scenario, Molly is an 82 years old lady, who has developed health problems which make her feel isolated and lonely. The following essay highlights Molly’s leg ulcer, primary health care, wellness, health professionals and how these have been used to create a learning program for Molly. It also describes the pathophysiology of diabetes, Type II Diabetes and resources/ support services for the client’s spouse who is experiencing grief after the client died.

Our understanding of this issue is still new and we need to do more research on the effects of PAD on the patient, doctors, and nurses. As well as the indirect effect on policy makers and our health care institutions. This topic is very complex and a complex situation needs a solution that will cover all or close to all the arguments. Research needs to be done on the states that currently allow PAD and taking these statistics into consideration while moving forward. There are many issues that result from PAD and whether we want to face them or not it is an issue that affects everyone. Just because a solution isn’t easily attained does not mean that the road to a solution must not be taken. Allowing PAD to be the end all be will have a negative effect on us as a society and change the concept of hospitals and doctors which are seen as a place of healing and

Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are a growing problem around the world today. Not only do diseases such as diabetes and heart disease affect individuals and their lifestyles, they also affect the economy, politics, education and the professional work environment. 20-26% of individuals in the United States live with heart disease, and obesity and high blood pressure compose the greatest factors for developing this disease [20]. Studies have shown a direct correlation between the amount of sedentary time and cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk, regardless of baseline measurements [20]. Thus, increase in physical activity will decrease cardiometabolic risk factors [8]. Several studies indicate a positive correlation between physical activity and decreased cardiometabolic risk markers [2,4,11,16]. However, we now know that an individual who is getting the recommended physical activity per day can still have a large amount of sedentary time.

It is well known that suffering from pain is not only restricted to persons who are competent, but even the incompetent persons such as the elderly, the infants, persons with disabilities suffer from irremediable and agonizing pain. They should also be allowed to relief their pain in a humane manner by seeking the help of PAD (Steinbock, 2005).

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According to the CDC (2016) “Approximately 8.5 million people in the United States have PAD, including 12-20% of individuals older than age 60.” This disease affects many people and populations worldwide. PAD is a circulatory condition in which blood vessels are not functioning properly leading to pervasive pain in the limbs of the body. Researchers have uncovered basic information, beneficial treatments, and accommodating preventions; therefore, the public's knowledge about the disease has expanded.

This is amazing account of the Johnson family, an unwavering glimpse at the disorder going on within, the distinctiveness of pain and how a community of family supporters, associates and specialists support a young woman through her sickness. Stories teach us, becoming roadmaps for those who are struggling through illness or who recognize someone with a disease. This book is more like a non-traditional memoir, and is narrated in the voices of a daughter and mother. Together the breaks open a wall of stillness of an American family that is middle class. This family who by all exteriors, were fortunate, well-educated and gifted but whose lives were thrown off course by the emotional turmoil of adolescent daughter Linea.

My patient is near and dear to my heart; she is my grandma and her name is Jolene. She grew up on a farm in Clear Lake, Washington with her parents, sister, and brother. She married her high school sweetheart and they had two children, a boy and girl. They were a very poor family and life got even harder when her husband, Dave, passed away from a heart attack. Suddenly she was a widow with two children and no money. She worked many jobs to support her children for many years until another great man came along, Dennis. He was an established chiropractor with three kids and he was also recently divorced. It wasn’t long until he swept my grandma off her feet and into her new life. He helped her establish many boutiques of her own and provided a great life for all their children. Now almost forty years later, they are still together. Once their children were out on their own and making a life for themselves, Dennis and Jolene decided to pack up and move to Europe. They lived in Italy for almost ten years before returning to Washington because of Jolene’s newly onset rheumatoid arthritis. Although she loved Italy, her body wasn’t okay with the cobble stones and all the walking she had to do. Today, Jolene enjoys spending time at her self-owned boutique in Walla Walla, Washington, walking her pug, Ping, and spending time with her

There are a variety of negative effects that smoking has on a person’s overall health. For example, lung cancer, pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular disease can be related to cigarette smoking. But why does cigarette smoking cause complications with foot and ankle surgery?

Over time the buildup of plaque on the artery walls produces hardening of the vessel walls and blockages that slow the flow of blood throughout the body. Arthrosclerosis affects the heart, peripheral arteries and the carotid and cerebral arteries that supply blood flow to the brain (Arthrosclerosis, 2014). The effect on the body from arthrosclerosis causes other diseases to form, peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension, renal disease and stroke (Story, 2011). If the plaque buildup ruptures or breaks off, it forms a thrombus or blood clot that can cause a stroke, heart attack or even death.

Peripheral edema is an edema in the tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system in the lower extremities. Edema is caused by the tiny blood vessels in the body that leak fluid into the surrounding tissues. The excessive fluid then causes the tissues to swell. There can be several mechanisms for the cause of the fluid leaking into the surrounding tissues. For example, there can be too much pressure inside the blood vessels. In another case, there can be a force outside of the blood vessel causing leakage of fluid into the surrounding tissues. Lastly, the walls of the blood vessels can be damaged which means that it cannot maintain equilibrium leading to the loss of the fluid. The peripheral edema depends on body positions which means it is gravity dependent. The peripheral edema causes swelling and the surrounding skin tightens. The swollen area of the peripheral edema appears very tight and shiny and when you apply pressure to the area with a finger, an indentation stays for some time, which is called “pitting edema”.

At the age of seventy-eight, Mom developed Fibroids; non-cancerous tumors that grew in and around her womb, causing pelvic pain. Three months after undergoing a hysterectomy, on Mother’s Day morning, our mother suffered a stroke. Terrified, when I found her, at home alone, unable to speak to me, I was nervous and distraught, although Mom’s facial expression was peaceful and calm, as if she was consoling me, trying to tell me not to worry. While Vince and I followed the ambulance to the hospital, I phoned Ellen to notify her of Mom’s dire condition. She rushed home immediately and by nightfall, Evie had her two daughters by her bedside.