Down's Syndrome Research Paper

Down Syndrome affects many people, even those who don’t have it. Down syndrome is also called Trisomy 21. The term Down syndrome did not become the accepted term until the early 1970’s (“History of NADS”). Down syndrome is the most common genetic condition, almost 400,000 Americans have Down syndrome (“What Is Down Syndrome?”). When the 21st chromosome has an extra copy, full or partial, down syndrome will occur. With the extra genetic material it messes with the development physically and mentally. It also creates certain features connected with Down Syndrome. Some of the well known features are low muscle tone, small stature, upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm (“What Is Down Syndrome?”). These features and their extent can vary from person to person, some may not even have any at all. One in every 691 babies born in the United States has Down syndrome, about 6,000 babies are born with Down syndrome each year in the United States (“What Is Down Syndrome?”). Just like the physical features the medical problems associated with Down syndrome vary from person to person, some may need a lot while others may need little to none. The health problem can be treated with the many resources available to help the people with Down syndrome and their families.

Down syndrome was first discovered in 1866 by Doctor John Langdon Down. He first described Down syndrome as a neurological disorder, but he misunderstood how Down syndrome is caused. Another doctor by the name of Jerome Lejeune discovered the cause of Down syndrome in 1959. In the 20th century, many people with Down syndrome were killed and neglected. They were put in institutions and were subject to many experiments including lobotomies. But over the years society has been able to understand Down syndrome and has now started an effort to find a cure. In the United States today, Down syndrome affects over 400,000 people.

The aim of this paper is to show the need for services and education for both the public and parents of children with Down syndrome to assist in the transitioning into independent adult living.

Down’s syndrome (DS), also called Trisomy 21, is a condition in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally and physically. The physical features and medical problems associated with Down’s syndrome can vary widely from child to child. While some children with Down’s syndrome need a lot of medical attention, others lead healthy lives. Though Down’s syndrome can 't be prevented, it can be detected before a child is born. The health problems that may go along with Down’s syndrome can be treated, and many resources are available to help children and their families who are living with the condition. (http://kidshealth.org)

There is no single, standard treatment for Down syndrome. Treatments are based on each person's personal needs, limitations, and strengths. A child with Down syndrome would likely receive care from a team of health professionals, which includes physicians, special educators, speech therapists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and social workers. “Early intervention” refers to a range of specialized programs and resources that professionals provide to children with Down syndrome as well as their families. A variety of therapies can be used in early intervention programs to promote the greatest possible development, independence, and productivity. Some of these therapies include physical therapy, speech-language therapy, occupational

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which a person is born with an extra copy of chromosome 21. There are three genetic variations that cause Down syndrome: Trisomy 21, Mosaic Trisomy 21 or Translocation Trisomy 21. There are many ways in which theses disorders affect the body.  Trisomy 21 occurs when an egg or sperm comes in with an extra copy of chromosome 21, then, once an embryo is formed and starts to develop, the chromosome is replicated in every single cell of the embryo. Trisomy 21 is the most common type of Down syndrome. About 92% of Down syndrome patients have this type. People with Trisomy usually have physical problems.

Down syndrome (DS) is relatively well known as a genetic disorder to the general public and children

In every cell in the body there is a nucleus and this is the location where genetic material lives. These genes are responsible for carrying the inherited traits that we get from our parents, in the form of chromosomes. Normally each cell contains a nucleus with a pair of 23 chromosomes, half of which come from mom and the other half coming from dad. The genotype in the example given is that of a person with Down syndrome. Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results in learning disabilities and physical abnormalities. Most cases of Down syndrome are caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. An extra chromosome, making 3 of one kind, is called a trisomy and the most common is trisomy 21. This may be a chromosome given to the child from the father but a portion of mothers can also pass the chromosome to the child, mothers that get pregnant over 35 years of age have been shown to pass on the chromosome. Physical appearance will lead a doctor to suspect a patient with Down syndrome but a blood test is needed to determine if the patient has the extra chromosome. Down syndrome can affect many parts of the body, there are

Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder where an abnormality in cell division results in a copy of chromosome 21. This is also known as trisomy 21. Although the cause of the extra chromosome is still unknown, maternal age is the only possible thing to have been linked to having a child with Down Syndrome. Physical abnormalities of Down Syndrome may include, decreased muscle tone, flattened facial profile, upward slanting eyes, and a short neck. Often, children with Down Syndrome develop slower than the development of a child without the disorder. Intellectual abnormalities of Down Syndrome include a shortened attention span, poor judgment, impulsive behavior, slow learning, and delayed language/speech development. Approximately 1 in every 700

Down syndrome is an intellectual disability that is a result of a person being born with an extra chromosome, specifically chromosome 21. Down syndrome is the most common intellectual disability affecting approximately 1 in every 1000 births (Asim, Kumar, Muthuswamy, Jain, & Agarwal, 2015). Research has found a direct link between the age of the mother and the possibility that the baby will be born with Down syndrome, with the occurrence of Down syndrome increasing proportionally with the increased age of the mother (Asim, 2015). This condition can cause both intellectual (cognitive) and physical impairments that can range from moderate to severe (Crosta, 2016). People with Down syndrome have physical impairments such as a flat face, little to no neck, small ears, slated eyes, shorter than normal limbs and they tend to have low muscle tone (Asim, 2015). Children with Down syndrome tend to have a slower development of natural movements such as sitting, crawling and walking (Crosta, 2015). Intellectually people with Down syndrome tend to have a below average intelligence and most often they need extra assistance when attending school (Asim, 2015).

     There is no cure for Down Syndrome. There is also not way to prevent it.

There is no regular treatment for Down syndrome, the treatment is different for everyone depending on the physical and mental barriers they have. Someone with Down syndrome will most likely seek help from specialists, speech therapists and other people to help with the mental and physical needs of the person. People with Down syndrome are more adept to illnesses or conditions so it is necessary for them to be checked on by a doctor, etc. more often.

People all over the world are diagnosed with a terrible disease called Down Syndrome. It was discovered by a british physician who was known as Dr. Langdon Down back in 1866 in Britain. This disease causes children to be born with physical and mental abnormalities. With so many children having this disease parents wonder what they have done to cause this curse, but it isn’t their fault. It is simply a random error in cell division which causes an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is mostly inherited at a very young age if not in the womb or after birth. There is no specific treatment for this disease. The only diagnosis for this disease is therapy and help throughout these people's’ everyday lives.

Some symptoms of Down Syndrome is short neck, flattened facial profile and nose, can have a small head, ears, and mouth, wide short hands with short fingers, and white spots in the color part of the eye. They may have poor judgement, impulsive behavior, and delayed language and speech development. When a child has down syndrome, the physical development is slower than a normal child. It will take kids with down syndrome longer to learn how to sit, walk, and talk rather than a child with no down syndrome. (https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/down/conditioninfo/symptoms)

Trisomy 21 is a strange genetic disorder because it happens randomly and has no set precedent, the parents of a child with down syndrome are usually mentally and physically abled. The only trend that has been linked with the development of down syndrome is the mother's age when the child is conceived. The average risk of having a child with Down syndrome is 1 out of 750 live births. Mothers in their early twenties when pregnant have a risk of 1 out of 1,500 of having a child with trisomy 21 and women over 35 have a risk factor of 1 out of 70, the risk factor rises with the age of the mother. Down Syndrome was first discovered by Dr. John Langdon Down, however Dr. Down misinterpreted how Down Syndrome occurs. How Down syndrome occurs was only discovered little under 60 years ago in 1959. With the many complications with down syndrome and little to no knowledge of