(E. 2243-44). The Circuit Court found—and WCS concurs—that this position “pushed the envelope of credibility.” (E. 2284). To illustrate this absurdity, if we accept National Surety’s position that any negative defense to a breach of contract claim is a right or claim, National Surety would be free to assert any claim against WCS—no matter how preposterous and in want of merit—knowing that WCS has released any and all defenses—affirmative, negative, or otherwise—that WCS may have to such a claim. This Court could not afford the 2007 agreement such a construction. See Middlebrook Tech, LLC v. Moore, 157 Md. App. 40, 70 (2004) (“[I]t is a fundamental tenet of contract interpretation that a court will not read contract language to produce an …show more content…
In this case, however, the Waivers bargained for in the AIA contract are neither “rights, claims, debts, liens, demands, [nor] actions.” (E. 881) Contrary to the plaintiffs in Olney, WCS is not (in this litigation ) pursuing an affirmative “claim” whatsoever. Rather, WCS merely seeks to rely upon the express waiver that Metropolitan gave, which serves as a negative defense to National Surety’s breach of contract claim. Additionally, National Surety relies on Allstate Ins. Co. v. Stinebaugh, 374 Md. 631, 646 (2003); and Shawnee Hosp. Auth. v. Dow Constr., Inc., 812 P.2d 1351 (Okla. 1990). Both these cases dealt with parties who attempted to invoke arbitration clauses in a prior contract, after the original contract had been modified by a subsequent settlement agreement. See generally, Id. Like in Olney, these cases are dissimilar because a right to arbitration is not immediately tendered the way a waiver is. Rather, an arbitration clause is an executory right that may be invoked in the future. As such, the executory arbitration clause may be modified via subsequent agreement, but a waiver may not because it is tendered upon when the waiver is given. Contrary to Metropolitan’s averment before the Circuit Court and National Surety’s misguided reliance on Olney, Stinebaugh, and Shawnee, a waiver is not an executory right to be exercised in the future or a right possessed by anyone at all. Rather, a waiver is a present relinquishment of a right that is tendered at
Citation: New Jersey v. T. L. O. 469 U.S. 325 105 S. Ct. 733; 83 L. Ed. 2d 720; 1985 U. S. LEXIS 41; 53 U.S.L.W. 4083.
Today I was able to have a quick interview with the honorable Mrs.Salvarez. I asked her a few questions about what she does in the government and if she could clarify some things.
One of the principal grounds for rejecting insurance claims is that the claim is not covered by the terms of the policy, or is specifically excluded. The rule that coverage provisions should be interpreted broadly and exclusion clauses should be interpreted narrowly is really just a corollary of the Contra Proferentem rule which applies in the event of ambiguity i.e. it is the insurer who likely drafted the insurance contract and construing coverage provisions broadly, or exclusion clauses narrowly, will be to the detriment of the insurer as the party who drafted the contract. The construction of exclusion clauses and coverage provisions helps justify the objective intention of the contract. This is the intention which the court considers, a reasonable person in the position of the contracting parties, would have had. It is submitted that coverage provisions should be broad and encompassing and exclusion clauses should be narrow. However, before such a conclusion is reached, this paper will aim to justify the reasoning behind such a claim analysing arguments for and against such a proposition, drawing upon the landmark case Darlington Futures Ltd v Delco Australia Pty Ltd to help relate the discussion to issues raised by such considerations.
Case Briefing #2 Vizcaino v. US Dist. Court for WD of Wash., 173 F. 3d 713 (9th Cir.1999)
Richards v. Richards, 181 Wis. 2d 1017, 513 N.W.2d 122. For example, in Richard, the court found the document signed by the plaintiff served two purposes: (1) authorizing her to ride in a Company truck, and (2) releasing Company from liability. Id. Moreover, the court ruled that a reasonable person would not take a document titled “Passenger Authorization” to release the defendant from liability. Id. In Richards, the plaintiff signed the waiver required to ride along with her husband in his truck. Id. at 1010, 513 N.W.2d 119. While riding in the truck with her husband, the truck overturned and the plaintiff was pinned inside the vehicle, causing injuries. Id. at 1014, 513 N.W.2d 121. The court concluded that the waiver did not go far enough as to describe the nature or significance of what injury the plaintiff might sustain because the passenger release and authorization to ride were combined into one document and served two purposes. Id. at 1018, N.W.2d
Whereas, the District’s participation in this Agreement is not an admission of liability but is an attempt to bring closure to disputed issues; and
In January 2014, the attorney of Irwindale stated that they will add the breach-of-contract claim to their existing lawsuit. According to him, they did not abide by certain operating conditions, which included the not producing the
Originally, Iva refused to pay the advertisement fee to Plaintiff claiming the contract was unintended, and Plaintiff entered into the lawsuit. After the trial judged in favor of Plaintiff, Iva appealed to the appellate court alleging the contract was made by misleading of Plaintiff 's sales representative.
Ammar). It is clear from the Supreme Court's statements that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel, as enunciated in Massiah v. United States and United States v. Henry, does not extend to the pre-indictment period. The taped conversations at issue in defendant's motions all took place prior to defendant's January 24, 2006 federal indictment while defendant was incarcerated for state parole violations. Even though defendant faced charges in state court, because defendant had yet to be charged in a federal indictment, defendant's right to counsel had not yet attached with respect to the federal charges. The Court denies Henry’s argument for suppression based on the Sixth Amendment right to
This case shows that the insurance company’s duty to deal in good faith does not extend to the plaintiffs who were not insured under the contract. Because there was no relationship with the insurer, the plaintiffs could not bring a direct action for bad faith against the insurance company to recover an amount in excess of the policy limits.
The issues presented in these two letters both provide strong cases. However, in my opinion I feel the evidence found in the second letter is much more convincing than the first.
The major fact used to support this thesis is the rationality behind the genesis of this ruling in the case of Abbott Labs v. GE Capital back in 2000. In this case, “the Florida district court injected the materiality requirement without explanation. Moreover, the cases cited by Abbott Labs do not list ‘material breach’ as an element of a breach of contract action” (Crabtree, 2016, p.36). At the same time, many of the Florida cases that have listed “material breach” as an element of breach of contract action can be traced back to the Abbott Labs decision. Crabtree then cites the case of Havens v. Coast Florida, which not only substituted materiality for causation, but also cited the case of Rollins, Inc. v. Butland in support of its decision. This was done even though the case of Rollins, Inc. v. Butland did not include materiality as an element.
The disclaimer of warranties was not unconscionable and therefore was valid and binding on the plaintiff
A Contract requires several elements in order to be considered enforceable. However for the purpose of this essay we would explore one of these elements in order to effectively understand the controversial cases of Williams v Roffey Brothers and Nicholls (contractors) Ltd (1990) and Stilk v Myrick (1804). Before going any further one should briefly understand the doctrine of Consideration. Despite the vast amount of content written, the doctrine of consideration is still to this day unclear due to the inconsistency of the courts and its application of necessary rules. Consideration refers to that which the law deems as valuable in that the promisor receives from the promise that which was promised. In other words, it is the exchange of something of value between the parties in a contract. One should be mindful that in English law, every promise may not be legally enforceable; it requires the court to distinguish between are enforceable and non-enforceable obligations. This brings us to the controversial cases of Stilk v Myrick and Williams v the Roffery brothers. Many argue that that the case of Williams was wrongly decided leading to impairments in the rule initially established in Stilk v Myrick. This essay seek to analyse and critique the cases of Stilk v Myrick and Williams v Roffey Brothers and also highlight whether or not the new rule of Practical benefit lead to serious impairments in later cases.
This case established that what is known as the equitable principle of promissory estoppel according to this principle when the promisor who, with the intention to be legally bound, makes a promise to the promisee to whom he knows will who relyies on it to his or her detriment, will be enforced provided the promisor has acted on it. This principle is intended to stop the promisor from denying that the statements, word or conduct did not happen. It is important to note that no consideration is necessary, but Ffor this principle to work there must already be a pre-existing contractual relationship and both parties must rely on the promise. With this principle and authority and applying it to In the current situation, Damien found that the work is more difficult than expected and the cost of materials for construction of the swimming pool have gone higher. Damien asked for an extra $5,000 which Jason Miao agreed to pay. Damien, relying on Jason Miao’s promise, has completed the work by September and as a result incurred extra cost and put in additional effort. Therefore Jason Miao is estopped from going back on his promise of paying the extra $5,000.Jason and Damien, it can be argued Damien needs that $5000 extra for the materials and the additional effort in order to complete the construction on time and because of this, Jason made the promise so that he will have the pool by then.