1. Introduction
1.1. Motivation – Air Filled Emulsions
Obesity is one of the biggest evils of society nowadays and it is a result of sedentary lifestyle combined with unbalanced eating habits (Tchuenbou-Magaia, 2011). The dissemination of chronic diseases caused by it, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and some types of cancer, requires an urgent need to reduce dietary fat (Tchuenbou-Magaia, 2009). Also, the reluctance of the public to change their eating habits impedes the problem resolution. An essential approach to this problem that the food industry have been looking can be the elaboration and production of low fat products that resemble the full fat versions according to sensory behaviour, taste and perceived indulgence (Norton, Moore, & Fryer, 2007). Air bubbles designated to act like oil droplets in terms of size and physical properties is an alternative to the low fat food production (Tchuenbou-Magaia, 2009).
Some findings strengthen that approach, like the contribution of microbubbles for the improvement of a range of desirable properties, including texture, digestibility and flavour intensity (Campbell, Webb, Pondiella, & Niranjan,, 1999; Kilcast & Clegg, 2002; Lau & Dickinson, 2005; Wildmoser, Scheiwiller, & Windhab, 2004), that are essential during processing of some aliments like ice cream and whipped cream. Microbubbles can facilitate mastication and promote enzyme accessibility and enhance flavour delivery (Tchuenbou-Magaia, 2011). Nevertheless,
Food industries trick he/she into buying their food by using words that sound healthier. Words like ''natural'' sound better, but natural is still a chemical made in a lab. Fast foods are not completely honest with the ingredients they use. We eat foods that say fat-free but fat hasn't been the problem with weight gain; it is sugar. Food Industries use more sugar or sweetener to make food taste better when they remove fat. The fat-free product causes the consumer to eat more because he or she may think it is ok too, but it is far worse to eat. Eating so much sugar can lead to high blood pressure and more health problems. The dangers of fast food can lead to significant weight gain, health problems, and more money spendings.
For many years fast food has made a huge impact on people's lives causing many serious problems. However, there are ways to make healthier decisions when choosing what to eat. In this paper, all of the problems that come along with eating fast food will be discussed, as well as the ways to help these problems.
Obesity within adults is a prevalent problem in the United States, with over 51% of all adults suffering from obesity by the year 2030 (Joyner et al. 217). Obesity, or the state of being excessively overweight, is sometimes a result from what is known as food addiction. Much like an addiction to a substance, to be addicted to food is to constantly crave a certain food item (Joyner et al. 217). Obesity and food addiction tend to coincide with each other. That coexistence is shown primarily in the documentary Super Size Me, in which director Morgan Spurlock focuses on the way fast food and food addiction affect the human body.
Fast food, in today’s society, has become a major part of individuals’ lives. For it’s easy, quick and cheap food. While any meal with low preparation time can be considered to be fast food, typically it is referred to as low quality, prepackaged foods that have little preparation time. Through further research of fast food restaurants and their role in the obesity epidemic in America, it lead to further conclusions on the need for changes that must be done in order to combat obesity. There are, however, multiple individuals who feel that the fast food industry is simply taking a toll on Americans and their health. For instance, the article “Don’t blame the Eater” explains the battle of fast food chains in America, and the major causes of this epidemic. Obesity in America, costs the United States about 147 billion dollars annually. In a recent article, Author Eric Finkelstein, a researcher for Triangle Park conducted a study in which explains the multiple causes and affects of fast food chains and its role in creating an unhealthy society. Considerably, “The Effect of Fast food Restaurants on Obesity”, an in depth article written by authors Janet Currie, Stefano DellaVigna, Enrico Moretti and Vikram Pathania, share their studies and findings on how fast food chains are indeed a major player in obesity across the country, as well as a leading player in the up rise in health related illnesses. There is a connection between neighborhood scarcity and fast food industries.
The majority of Americans enjoy fast food like bees enjoy their honey. Fast food is hard not to love due to families experiencing fast paced days, parents who work more than 20 hours a week, and having children with picky appetites can be rough. For most American families, it can be a challenge to not consider eating fast food more than once a week. The fast food industry has grown tremendously through the years. The one restaurant that is known all over the world for their golden arches and their big macs is McDonalds. With knowledge and personal experiences, I can say that McDonalds is by far the worst fast food restaurant in America. I believe this due to how unhealthy the food is for our bodies, the disturbing facts about the happy meals, the poor service, and the non-cleanliness of the restaurant.
The production and consumption of food has had an impact in Americans. According to a "The Washington Post" article, How a national food policy could save millions of American lives, the food industry affects Americans in economic, health and environmental aspects. This problem has not been resolved by the government. Government representatives and officials have spoken about ways to fix it but they have not come to an agreed solution for the damages caused by the food system. Some of the damages are income inequality, obesity, climate change, greenhouse gas emission, diabetes, other chronic diseases, and more. The American government is in conflict. They acknowledge the problems and say they will do something about it, but truly, they
Obesity is a major public health concern in the United States and worldwide. Recent data suggest that more than 70% of the U.S. adults 20 years or older are overweight or obese (CDC 2016, CDC 2015). Obesity is associated with numerous serious health sequelae, including cardio- and neuro- vascular diseases, diabetes, and several types of cancer and incurs substantial medical costs (CDC 2015). Given the seriousness of the public health concern, there is great interest in the identification and mitigation of potential causes of obesity. As such, obesogenic environmental contaminants with widespread exposure and biological persistence is of great concern.
According to the Center of Diseases and Control Center facts, during the previous 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase of weight in the United States and the rate continues to remain high. With the estimate of more than 33% of the United States adults (34.9%) and pretty near 17% or (12.7 million) of kids and youths matured 2-19 years of age are obese” (CDC, 2014). According to a study released in June of 2013, Mexico have passed the United States as the ‘fattest’ nation on 50% of the globe (CBS news, July 2013). With a 32.8 percent adult obesity rate, Mexico simply creeps past the 31.8% obesity rate in the United States, as indicated by a study released in June of 2013 by the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization. With food, oil, gas, lack of stability, unemployment, and finance, body weight and statistics are continually changing not only yearly but daily for many individuals.
Compared to other countries, the United States was reported to have the second highest rate of obesity in the world after Mexico. Over the past decade, cases of obesity have triplicated in the U.S., affecting more than one-third (34.9% or 78.6 million) of the adults (Ogden et al. 2014). Given the current trends, it was projected that 42% of the U.S. population will be obese by 2030 (Finkelstein et al. 2012). Aside from its nefarious impact on the overall quality of life on the affected individual on a micro level, this health issue presents an economic burden for a US healthcare system already without equilibrium. In their extensive annual medical spending report, Finkelstein et al. (2012) estimated the annual medical cost of obesity in the US to amount to $147 billion in 2008; the medical costs for people who are obese were $1,429 higher than those of normal weight. Additionally, more than $150 billion per year is spent on related health care costs and lost productivity (Finkelstein, Trogdon, Cohen et al 2009). The situation as a whole seems dire; however, its repercussions are disparate and its distribution across U.S. territories is uneven. For instance, African Americans are nearly 1.5 times as likely to be obese compared with White. According to Ogden at al.’s (2014) report which is cited by the Center of Disease Control and Prevention, about 47.8 percent of African Americans are obese (men: 37.1; women: 56.6 %) compared to 32.6 percent of Whites (men: 32.4; women:
Today in the United States, obesity is the one of the leading causes of death in adults and children. Obesity also leads to several chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than one-third (34.9% or 78.6 million) of U.S. adults are obese (“Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity”). This is such a scary fact to know that more than a third of American’s are obese. Obesity itself may impact our society or better yet make our society dystopian. The word “Dystopia” according to the article “Dystopias: Definition and Characteristics” is defined as, “A futuristic, imagined universe in which oppressive societal control, and illusion of a
The topic of obesity in America is not a new one. In fact, the reality of obesity and its effects on America and its population has been mounting by the decade. Currently, more than 1/3 of adults in America are obese. This translates to 34.9% or 78.6 million people. Unfortunately, this number doesn’t even account for the youth of America (CDC, 2014). To call this an epidemic could almost be considered an understatement.
In today's society, fast food has become a large part of many American's lives. With the rising numbers of obese people, it is hard not to draw a correlation between the increase in fast food and obesity. Most obese people don’t want to be obese and wish they could lose weight, yet they continue to struggle with their fast food intake and obesity. This is due to the advertising done on the consumers, the highly addictive food itself, and most importantly, how advertising and addiction combine with children to form habits that are kept once they become adults. These factors are the reasons that fast food restaurants are to blame for the rising obesity and health risks across America. The government needs to step in and place regulations on
Obesity has become an epidemic in today’s society. Today around 50% of America is now considered to be over weight. Fast-food consumption has been a major contributor to the debate of the twenty-first century. Chapter thirteen, titled “Is Fast-Food the New Tobacco,” in the They Say I Say book, consists of authors discussing the debate of fast-food’s link to obesity. Authors debate the government’s effects on the fast-food industry, along with whether or not the fast-food industry is to blame for the rise in obesity throughout America. While some people blame the fast food industry for the rise in obesity, others believe it is a matter of personal responsibility to watch what someone eats and make sure they get the proper exercise.
Comparing the new solution with the original solution , we notice that this one unit gram change of fat in lollipop changes the solution a lot. Remind that the data in the nutrition label of foods sold in market is rounded to the nearest integer. According to the experiment of change the smallest gram values by one unit, rounding the gram values to the nearest integer will changes the solution a lot, thus the number of grams reported on the nutrition label is not significant.
Several studies have shown that the increase in fast food restaurants over the past few decades has resulted in a negative impact on the already outrageous obesity rate.According to the National Bureau of Economic Research, the number of fast food restaurants over the past thirty years has tripled, which equates to about three hundred thousand establishments in the United States alone. During this time the number of children, ages six to nineteen classified as obese, has risen from five percent to seventeen percent. The percentage of adults classified as obese has risen from half to two-thirds the population. Although fast food restaurants may be a contributing factor to the increasing obesity rate in the United States, people are