Amy Ly
International Policy Seminar
Professor Danielson
10 March 2016
[Title]
Introduction What is the effect of regime type on the duration of war and war’s impact on political leaders? And how do these effects range in comparison to other variables, such as wealth, military power, or alliances? I hypothesize the following: longer wars have a worse impact on democracies than on dictatorships and mixed regimes, and as a result are shorter. In the first section of this paper, I define key terms used throughout the paper and review literature and theory related to the topic of war and regime type. In the next section, I
Background and Literature Review Using [cite]’s definition of regime type, I have identified three types of regimes in this paper: democracies, dictatorships, and mixed regimes. Democracies are defined as regimes that do not repress its people and include the highest proportion of the populace; dictatorships are highly repressive and exclude most of the population; and mixed regimes use moderate repression and exclude a significant proportion of their populace (CITE). To understand the reasoning behind my hypothesis, I turn to the democratic and inter-democratic peace theories, in which my hypothesis is fundamentally rooted. These theories come from the liberal school of thought in international relations and posit that democracies do not, or are less likely, to go to war, and do not go to war with other democracies (Elman 758). There is much scholarly
Many countries in the world have democracies, but there are still some where there is a dictatorship. In a dictatorship, nobody is free or safe and nobody will
Dictatorships are the most controversial form of government. They create a sense of comfort through the means of lies and a lack of knowledge. For the people living under a dictatorship, they have many options. They can stay and hide or rebel, or they can leave behind the only home that they have ever known. But if they leave, the oppression, or suppression might follow them. The main source of terror comes from within the mind of the oppressed. They are left with thoughts of the unknown. They are also left with thinking if they actually did well by leaving the country in which the oppression took place. Furthermore, the people are also left with constant thoughts. If the words are not spoken, they cannot be destroyed for words are ideas. People
Which is why dictators usually reserve the right of overriding their parliaments, government and courts even though they designate power for most situations. It's also why dictatorships are far more efficient in crisis situations i.e. war, then democracies. (Separation of Powers)
Rebellions, protests, civil unrest, and underrepresentation are just some of the side effects of group grievance. While there are many factors that determine whether or not a certain nation’s populace is happy, well-represented, secure, and involved in their state’s political affairs, one rather large and interesting factor to consider is the form of government of the nation. For centuries scholars have debated what forms of political regimes are most successful in satisfying the needs of its people. While that topic is interesting, it is terribly broad. To entertain this concept with a narrower lens of comparative analysis, one can instead decide to contrast the key differences between two forms of government and see how said differences impact
In this essay, after defining some crucial concepts, such as peace, liberal and democratic governments, I’ll present arguments that support the idea that liberal democratic states are not inherently more peaceful then other states, but that they are, in fact,
According to Conley, dictatorship is a form of government that restricts the right to political participation to a small group or even to a single individual. In states that are under the rule of dictatorship there may be limited information given to the public, and brutal “disappearances” of nonsubmissive subordinates (pg. 593). Dictatorships can be very difficult to overthrow because the dictator has strong allies and know uses power ruthlessly, and many remain in mostly in the least-developed countries. One might describe the United States as a dictatorship because some people think the president of the United States has too much power, which commonly occurs in dictatorships. People fear that the government is trying to take away their guns,
Wars are usually fought for getting resources or based on ideologies or religion. Democratic institutions may sway public opinion, but this still may not result in future wars. Domestic order is in opposition to international anarchy and highlights the challenges facing international institutions. We need to identify different domestic interests that value the cost of war differently. The government itself can be an actor that can have interests in threatening or starting a war. Democratic peace tries to explain that having a democratic world will result in less war, but that is not true. Wars against democracies can be predicted by chance. An example of this would be the American Civil War when democracies fought one
While some might argue that dictators rely on repression to help them stay in power, does it actually increase the chances the survival of a dictatorship and does repression actually work? In this journal article, the author conducts an experiment to see if there’s a relationship between survival and repression. The writer also explores what type of repression is more effective, non-violent or violent repression. The writer states that while the use of repression can sometimes backfire and lead to the demise of the leader however from his research he also finds that the use of repression is actually beneficial for the leader because it decreases the likelihood of coups and any challengers that can harm the regime. So using repression is actually
While there are many variables that constitute to the increase in peace or decrease in violence throughout history; many argue that democracy has a direct correlation with global peace and some say there is not enough there for a causation. However democracy is an important factor that should be considered when evaluating the state of human relations. In a Democracy, leaders are elected to represent the will of the citizens on how the country should be ran, and are held accountable for the success or detriment they may bring to the country. Citizens of a democracy are less likely to want to engage in costly wars as they will be the ones to inevitably subsidize it by using up valuable resources and lives."Most
The idea that democracies do not fight each other can be traced back to the writings of Immanuel Kant over two hundred years ago in essay ‘On Perpetual Peace’, however, only in the early 1980s and with the writings of Michael Doyle was the idea consolidated. According to Doyle and other advocates of the democratic peace theory, liberal democratic states have been able to maintain peaceful relations amongst themselves, but are prone to wage war against non-democratic regimes. In order to prove this theory, vast databases have been constructed of historical dyadic relationships between states as well as detailed breakdowns of incidents of inter-state war. The conclusions reached are best shown in the work of Bruce Russett who has argued that
The type of government rule is an explanation for the invasion of Iraq that goes against the economic structure argument, that is the idea that whether states are democratic or not affects the way that states interact (Bova, 2012). Democratic peace theory suggests that democratic countries are less prone to engage in war than those that are non-democratic. As political scientist James Fearon argued, democracies have an advantage when it comes to crisis bargaining, democratic leaders when taking a stand during an international crisis cannot easily back down without backlash from the citizens at home. As a result, opposing states understand that the democratic leaders cannot make hollow threats and should be taken seriously (Bova, 2012).
Numerous scholars have determined an inverted U curve exists between regime type and political violence. In each inverted U relationship, semidemocracies experience more violence than both autocracies and democracies. Each academic explored in the following literature review, however, interprets such findings in a different manner.
There are various types of government systems in the world, and the each kind comprises the set of laws and political bodies in many different forms. Whether the size of government is small or big, it was established to empower its citizens depending on the different degree to which it is free of limitations and restraints. Today, many countries focus on the North Korea's dictatorship towards its citizens. Not only because North Korea’s ambition of nuclear but also their systematic human rights abuses upset all the democratic publics and institutions considerably. According to Democracy and Dictatorship, “In a dictatorship, the government tightly controls all aspects of the state and will often ban or tightly control groups and meetings” (Democracy
Which, led to the debate of dyadic vs. monadic, and almost all evidence pointed to two states who share commonalities such as government structure and culture (dyadic) are more peaceful than, one state because of their system is less likely to have conflict (monadic). This did place a hole in the idea that democracies are more peaceful, but supported their claim for a need in cooperation. As well as economic interdependence, which further decreased the likelihood of war because by doing so would actually hurt your own self interest and since the actors are rational it would not be a rational choice for them to make such