A World without Polio: A Benefit Cost Analysis Critique Introduction A benefit cost analysis must be performed before the start of any public health campaign and the eradication of global poliomyelitis is no exception. This paper will examine the first benefit cost analysis of the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative, published in 1996 . It will also explore the broader question of the economic value of eradication. Background & Context The world is on the verge of a remarkable achievement
WHAT IS POLIO? Poliomyelitis or polio, is highly contagious viral infection that can lead to abnormal conditions such as paralysis, breathing problems, or even lead to death. The poliomyelitis is from the word “grey”, myelos referencing to the “matter” of the spinal cord, -itis meaning inflammation. So it means the inflammation of the grey matter of the spinal cord. Poliomyelitis can be categorize as either asymptomatic or symptomatic. About
INTRODUCTION Polio is caused by a virus and it used to be a common cause of Encephalitis. Polio was once considered a middle class, because good hygiene could delay exposure of a person to the virus until late childhood, the adolescent years or adulthood, when infection would produce most severe symptoms. Infections in early childhood generally results in asymptomatic or very mild disease. In the great 1916 polio endemic in New York City, 9,000 cases of paralysis were reported and nearly all in children
Introduction: In most countries of the world, polio has been eradicated. However in developing countries, there are the cases suffering from polio. In recent years, there has been a re-emergence of polio in Pakistan and its distribution amongst the population is not evenly distributed. The purpose of this essay is to critically evaluate the need of health care professionals working in health improvement organization to add towards the wellbeing of people and reducing health inequalities. The essay
1. Define eradication, extinction, elimination, and control. a) Eradication as permanent reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of a disease or an infection and with further intervention no longer needed, once interruption of transmission has been certified worldwide,. b) Extinction of the disease means the specific infectious agent no longer exists in nature or even in the laboratory. c) Elimination: reduction to zero of the occurrence of a disease or an infection in a defined geographical
Polio (Poliomyelitis) is a very contagious illness caused by the poliovirus. The poliovirus affects the central nervous system, and is known and feared for causing paralysis (CDC, 2015). The virus is contracted orally (through the mouth), from fecal matter (CDC, 2015): It first goes to the throat and digestive system (CDC, 2015). Next it enters the lymphatic system, the bloodstream and finally the Central Nervous System (CNS), were it can cause paralysis due to damage/destruction of the motor neurons
vaccines for cholera and anthrax 2 and since then there has been no looking back. Polio vaccination was developed in 1950s 3. Live attenuated vaccines were developed for measles, mumps and rubella during 1960-1969. Pneumococcal, meningococcal and Hemophilus polysaccharide vaccines were introduced in 1970s. In 1980, World Health Organization declared global eradication of smallpox 4, followed by eradication of polio from America, Europe and most Asian countries by 2014 5. Most recent vaccine to be
The World Innovations of Science and Technology in the Medical Field During the 20th century Medical Innovation in the 20th century was geared around prolonging and enhancing the quality of people 's lives. With the emergence of Epidemiology came understanding the relationship between the world around us and the effects it has on our health. With some many diseases already reaching epidemic status, Immunizations were a significant innovation in the 20th century, effectively eradicating many diseases
developing countries, one over two deaths is caused by an infectious disease. In this essay I will talk about the main diseases responsible for deaths in third world countries, what helps to eradicate them and what are the obstacles to this eradication. Most deaths from infectious diseases occur in developing countries, where about one third of the population live with less than $1 a day, where one third of the children are malnourished and one fifth are not fully immunized by
can help inform viable long-term solutions to contemporary problems with vaccine research, production, and supply. [pic] The gasping breath and distinctive sounds of whooping cough; the iron lungs and braces designed for children paralyzed by polio; and the devastating birth defects caused by rubella: To most Americans, these infectious scourges simultaneously inspire dread and represent obscure maladies of years past. Yet a little more than a century ago, the U.S. infant mortality rate was a