Emotional Intelligence And Human Primates

There were no families, no companions, no grooming, and no nests . There were only cold, hard steel bars and concrete and terror and loneliness that went on for so many years that most chimpanzees would sink into depression, eventually losing their minds . As a result of enduring the terror and pain of having their bodies routinely violated for experiments and the loneliness of their tiny steel and concrete prison cells, many chimpanzees bear lifelong emotional scars . Numerous studies have shown that even long after they’ve been retired from experimentation, many chimpanzees exhibit abnormal behavior indicative of depression and posttraumatic stress . They suffer from symptoms such as social withdrawal, anxiety, and loss of appetite . They pull out their own hair, bite themselves, and pace incessantly . when they were done testing on them they are locked up in cold bars and they are put in small

ountid=13939. It is important to know and keep in mind that all animals have feelings

This literature review of the emergence of empathy does not adhere to any particular theoretical models, but to summarize research findings about what contributes to empathic responses. Firstly, we will focus on infants’ early social interactions. We focus on imitation, emotion matching, and emotional contagion as precursors of empathy. These support the formation of strong bonds of attachment with primary caregivers. This relationship promotes reciprocal responsiveness in the infant. Following a section on emotional attunement, we discuss research relating to infants’ abilities to discriminate emotions. Responses to other people’s displays of emotion are discussed and associated with prosocial behaviour and the cognitive skills that support its development. While there is little research addressing the neurobiology of empathy during infancy, links are proposed between studies of infant behaviour and neurospscyhology studies.

Charles Darwin was the first scientist to ever study animals in a systematic way (Bekoff “The Emotional Lives” 6). In his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, Darwin discussed the

This research paper will discuss the ways in which non-human primates use different sound and gestures to convey different feeling and emotions toward one another like humans. A primate is “a mammal of an order that includes the Lemurs, Bushbabies, Tarsiers, Marmosets, Monkeys, Apes, and Humans” (Oxford). What makes us human are our language, our culture, and our behavior. We as humans have feelings of joy, sadness, fear, anger, trust, and so much more, but have we ever stopped to wonder how or if our nonhuman primate relatives have and use these emotions just like us. These next couple paragraphs will explain and discuss what emotions are felt and how emotions are conveyed in the nonhuman primate culture.

The orangutans differ in hand size, Herald had much larger hands than my own and Taylor’s hand size was around the same size as mine. Their hands display the thickness of the fingers and knuckles, which is more likely explained by their fist walking attributes.

Sarah-Elizabeth Atunrase Final Paper 5/9/18 Final Paper The two behavioral concepts I recognized in the DeWaal paper were true altruism and empathy. Altruism is defined as “altruism without obvious advantages for the actor” (DeWaal). Reciprocal altruism is the act of giving aid or preforming an act of kindness in order to receive delayed benefits or even immediate benefits (Lecture 23: Empathy and Altruism). In order to participate in altruistic acts the species must have empathy. Empathy is important because in order to perform these acts of kindness one has to understand the emotion of another and be able to imagine what someone else is going through. Dewaal discusses how altruism in animals must stem from something other than actions with

The evolution of primate intelligence. Intro and summary Inquisitiveness, probably one if the most important trait a human being exhibits. This characteristic has also extended to our quest to understand own past. One of the most fundamental reasons why we are interested in the other primates is to obtain a precise view of how our ancestor may have lived.

The beginnings of conspecific care are currently unknown; however, researchers do note that other primates, including chimpanzees, participate in altruistic care of conspecifics (Hublin, 2009). Hublin (2009) decided to compare the Neanderthal SH14 and Salé specimens to data collected on chimpanzee behavior. SH14 was an individual that did not make it to adulthood due to cranial malformation and would have required constant aid to stay alive for as long as it did. The Salé specimen was a young adult female that suffered from cranial distortion and muscular trauma (Hublin, 2009). Both specimens would have relied on relatives or peers to

One of the main reasons why we are so interested in the other primates is that by looking at them we can obtain some ideas of what our ancestor must have been like a few millions years ago. Even though, we are not descended from any modern-type monkey or ape, our lineage does appear to have gone through stages in which we were a medium-sized, reasonably intelligent creature with good binocular vision, hands that were good at manipulation and the ability to climb trees. An evolutionary trend in primates involves the development of offspring both before and after birth and their integration into complex social systems. Another trend in primate evolution has been toward a more elaborate brain. In addition to brain size and gestation periods,

Consolation behavior entails as an increase in comforting contact in response to and directed toward a distressed individual by an uninvolved bystander, which produces a calming effect (Zahn-Waxler et al., 1992; De Waal & Van Roomalen, 1979). Observations of consolation behavior in animals such as elephants have led to the conclusion that consolation behavior may require advanced cognitive capacities (Plotnik & De Waal, 2014). However, the current study sought to investigate if consolation behavior could be observed outside of species with advanced cognition, such as in a rodent species. Such an observation would suggest that consolation behavior relies on less cognitive capacities and may be variably expressed in species due to their species-specific evolutionary context (Burkett et al., 2016).

As most of us know, Charles Darwin is known as the father of the theory of evolution. Darwin not only advanced our understanding of nature in the fields of science and biology, he also made a huge contribution to the field of psychology in his book entitled “The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals”. In it he argued that organisms develop the ability to express emotion as an adaptation to enhance their skills at surviving (Hockenbury & Hockenbury, 2014). In essence what Darwin was trying to explain is that emotions play a crucial role in our survival. Emotions allow us to feel love and compassion with the end result being reproduction. The emotion of fear urges us to avoid threats and danger. It is also the demonstration of these emotions that assist us in communicating our needs or intentions. As Darwin put it “...emotional displays serve the important function of informing other organisms about an individual’s internal state” (Hockenbury & Hockenbury, 2014). For an example a rattlesnake in a state of anxiety will rattle its tail as a warning to tell others to retreat or he will strike. Charles Darwin’s evolutionary stand point on the expression of emotions is a thorough and multifaceted study.

This photo, taken by Phil Moore, shows that humans aren’t the only ones who display mourning and grief. The gorilla is clearly saddened as it puts both hands on Karabaranga’s lap. All the man can do is offer a consoling arm around the gorilla’s shoulders.

Do animals feel joy, love, fear, anguish or despair? What ere emotions, and perhaps more importantly, how do scientists prove animals are capable of emotion? Sea lion mothers have often been seen wailing painfully and squealing eerily as they watch their babies being eaten by killer whales. Buffaloes have also been observed sliding playfully across ice, excitedly screaming “Gwaaa.” Emotions are defined broadly as psychological phenomena that help in behavioral management and control. This is a challenging question to researchers who are trying to determine the answer to this question. Through current research by close observation combined with neurobiological research, evidence that animals exhibit fear, joy

Research by Yamamoto, Humle and Tanaka in 2009 concluded that chimpanzees show altruism only when prompted or pressured rather than voluntarily [5]. This particular empirical research challenges the evidence proposed by prior researchers and tests the limits of chimpanzee’s altruistic nature. Using colour-coded tokens, one of which allowed for a partner to share the reward with the test subject and one of which gave the test subject all of the reward, several chimps were tested as to their response. Results showed a tendency for the chimpanzee to take the prosocial option in situations both with and without peer pressure. Abnormally results showed that pressure or harassment from partners reduced the chimpanzee’s inclination to take the prosocial option. Although these results challenge prior research [5] they are limited as they are not conclusive and raise questions of their own to reach a complete understanding. These research results are significant in challenging an already established understanding of chimpanzee’s altruistic traits and acts as a good contrast to other references. This resource stands out as it does not make conclusive statements out of abnormal results but rather opens up a reader’s opinion and presents issues further