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Environmental And Social Impact Assessment

Satisfactory Essays

In recent years, there have been more and more concerns on social impact assessment. SIA can be viewed as a methodology often used to examine the impacts of social development and social change. In general, environmental and social impact assessment not only can identify and address potential issues which may be caused by a proposed project but also can provide affected groups with opportunities to express their viewpoints (Goldman & Baum 2000). However, some environmental and social impact assessments could go further than that, that is, playing a role in the advocacy process. Advocacy can be simply regarded as an act or process of influencing decision making. A number of researchers (Mayoux 2003; Goldman & Baum 2000) point out that SIA can be used by citizens or nongovernmental organizations to support their advocacy movements and then to affect policy changes. The central question in this essay asks how social impact assessment could be used as a tool for advocacy. In order to address this question, this essay will use two case studies about environmental activism in China as evidence. This first case study will discuss how the SIA on Manwan Dam conducted by a local NGO supports advocacy activities for appeal to government actions on resettlement issues and watershed management. The second one will be the case of the protest against planned Beijing –Shenyang high speed railway project in which Beijing residents make use of the ESIA of the project to advocate for a

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