In recent years, there have been more and more concerns on social impact assessment. SIA can be viewed as a methodology often used to examine the impacts of social development and social change. In general, environmental and social impact assessment not only can identify and address potential issues which may be caused by a proposed project but also can provide affected groups with opportunities to express their viewpoints (Goldman & Baum 2000). However, some environmental and social impact assessments could go further than that, that is, playing a role in the advocacy process. Advocacy can be simply regarded as an act or process of influencing decision making. A number of researchers (Mayoux 2003; Goldman & Baum 2000) point out that SIA can be used by citizens or nongovernmental organizations to support their advocacy movements and then to affect policy changes. The central question in this essay asks how social impact assessment could be used as a tool for advocacy. In order to address this question, this essay will use two case studies about environmental activism in China as evidence. This first case study will discuss how the SIA on Manwan Dam conducted by a local NGO supports advocacy activities for appeal to government actions on resettlement issues and watershed management. The second one will be the case of the protest against planned Beijing –Shenyang high speed railway project in which Beijing residents make use of the ESIA of the project to advocate for a
Assess the potential environmental impact of a proposed construction project on the local natural environment.
Overpopulation, pollution, global warming, climate change, genetic modification, ocean acidification, water/soil pollution, deforestation, acid rain, and ozone depletion are among some of the main factors that have a negative impact on the planet. Overpopulation is one the most concerning environmental issues currently. Overpopulation is defined as the human population of a specific area exceeding the carrying capacity. Overpopulation can occur from an increase in births mainly or a decline in deaths. Also, other factors that affect overpopulation can be an increase in immigration or a depletion of resources. It was stated by the United Nations that the worth has a total carrying capacity of somewhere between 4 and 16 billion. Currently we hold over 7 billion humans on Earth. As of 2017 the UN has increased their population predictions to 9.8 billion by 2050 and up to 15 billion by 2100. Pollution we hear about every day.
Social movements are one of the primary means through which the public is able to collectively express their concerns about the rights and wellbeing of themselves and others. Under the proper conditions, social movements not only shed light on issues and open large scale public discourse, but they can also serve as a means of eliciting expedited societal change and progress. Due to their potential impact, studying the characteristics of both failed and successful social movements is important in order to ensure that issues between the public and the government are resolved to limit injustices and maintain societal progress.
The purpose of this piece is to draw awareness to the many contradictions relating environmental justice movements and to create a society more conscious of decisions by considering consequences.
The overall objective to this Goal is to ensure that the public is both involved in identifying, avoiding and minimizing environmental justice concerns. In addition, another objective to this Goal is maintenance and assurance of Tribal Relations. Furthermore, another objective is to maintain a database of national and community based organizations and networks concerned with environmental justice. Moreover, this goal has U.S.D.A. performance measures and target dates in similar fashion as the other
Agriculture, Forestry and Soils: such as: farming and other rural enterprises, farm buildings, related land use and woodland planting, ancient woodlands;
Prenzel, P. V., & Vanclay, F. (2014). How social impact assessment can contribute to conflict management. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 45, 30-37. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2013.11.003
The scope and scale of direct action campaigns has increased significantly since the 1990s. The anti-roads protests of recent years, the campaign against live animal exports, the campaigns against fox hunting and vivisection, the fuel protests and the campaigns by groups such as Fathers4Justice and environmental groups such as Greenpeace and Plane Stupid have al been seen to have had some effect on policy or opinion.
Activism using the Internet and other new media is increasingly having an impact in broadening the scope of civic action in support of human rights in East Asia. Select one or two case studies of activism in ONE East Asian country studied in this course. With regard to your chosen case studies, how effective is online activism as a force for social change? How are government authorities responding to the challenge of internet activism?
Attending the January 13, 2016, Climate Change Research and Action in Washington State symposium, gave me hope for common and individual action. One of the keynote presenters Dr. John Byrne, was at the UNFCCC COP 21 in Paris, France and he spoke of how internationally, we are struggling to address concerns, but nations, states, and towns are making things happen. A polycentric approach to our local and global concerns. Local people, helping people in our individual communities. However, Dr. John Byrne at his meet and greet prior to the symposium, eluded to a lack of discussion for those who are disadvantaged in society. We are still struggling for democracy.
Activism is defined as “the policy or action of using vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change” by the Oxford Dictionary online. Traditionally, this is the commonly accepted and widespread definition used to label the renegades of society, the fighters for justice, and the believers in change. This trend of societal self-modification has predicated our prevailing view of activism, because social change is, and always has been, a part of human evolution. Nowadays we are faced with a polymorphous concept of activism that baffles everyone – from academics to activists themselves. Over the past decade, new forms of pseudo activism have appeared, and have proven to be increasingly difficult to classify under the preexisting categorizations.
This book chapter goes over the overview of several historical events, organizations, and people that contributed to the evolution of what is now the Environmental Justice movement. The authors list some of the key influences of the movement. This influences include: 1) the Civil Rights movement that brought an understanding of social structural injustices – Civil Rights activists argue that because of racism, the injustices were not random –, 2) the anti-toxics movement that contributed to better understand the power dynamics that shape the distribution of environmental bads while resisting against hazardous waste facilities, landfills and incinerators, 3) academics who demonstrated that environmental injustice is part of a national problem
In order to reduce the ecological impact of Macquarie University’s Arts Department the ecological footprinting tool is used to highlight problem areas and provide clear information on usage. By using this footprinting tool and related academic literature seven potential strategies have been identified.
Organizations need to be aware of what is going on in their environments that might concern them, and more so, during the planning process. Diverse but overlapping environments ought to be monitored; the macro environment, the industrial environment, the competitive environment, and the organization’s internal environment (Ginter, 2013; Pfeiffer, 1986). At Rapha AL, my chosen organization, the environmental scanning will include distinct internal and external factors that would enable Rapha gain excellent understanding of the current and emerging issues that might affect it, and inspire the setting of clear and achievable goals. In this paper, I will analyze and address the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT); discuss current and prospective customers and evaluate the impact of environmental factors on the organization’s effectiveness to achieve the established goals within the strategic plan. Furthermore, I will address evolving external issues that could influence the strategic plan, evaluate the benefits of competitive analysis and Rapha’s capacity to achieve the strategic goals and objectives in a 3-year strategic plan.
Environment now become a global issue. For that reason, non-state actors such as: NGOs and activists participate to solve this problem. However, their participations are almost affecting population’s idea or cooperating with firms and even lobbying policies (O’Neil, 2009). These actions can be considered as effort of non-state actors, but not directly protect environment. Therefore, non-state actors alone is not enough to deal with environmental problems that require a dependence of them on state actors. This essay will present, analyze the functions of non-state actors and will illustrate the relation between them and states.