Essay On Rainfall Forecasting

From the CER maps (Figure 9), it can be observed that in 2013 ISMR the entire region had witnessed high CER values while other years were partially cover by cloud drops of different radii. The high rainfall intensity during 2013 ISMR could be the manifestation of the high CER values observed during that year compared to the other years (Figure 12). However, the low CER values in the other years can be seen in conjugation with high aerosol loading during that period. Similar trend is also observed in LWP plots for the study area during 2012-15 ISMR (Fig 13). It is evident from the figure 9 that LWP varies from low to high values over the region while, it is more homogeneous in 2014 and 2015 ISMR. The OLR was considerably

Because of Melbourne's extending climate conditions and regular dry season periods spreading over quite a long while, the city experiences underneath yearly normal precipitation more than once. Consequently because of developing populaces and depleted water storage

Iterations of analysis eliminated data points that were listed as “unusual observations,” or any data point with a large standardized residual. After 5 iterations, the analysis showed improved residual plots. Randomness in the versus fits and versus order plots means that the linear regression model is appropriate for the data; a straight line in the normal probability plot illustrates the linearity of the data, and a bell shaped curve in the histogram illustrates the normality of the data.

The groups examined for differences are dependent based on matching or subjects serving as their own control.

Mean precipitation is another factor

“‘Today is August 5, 2026, today is August 5, 20206, today is…’” (Bradbury 7). In Ray Bradbury’s short story, “There Will Come Soft Rain” The House is very high tech, efficient, and helpful. The story takes place in August, 2026; and shows what life could possibly be like if we do not take care of our enviroment.

St. Louis falls into the mellow midlatitude atmosphere gathering, and this is a district loaded with air mass complexities (Hess, 2011). These differentiations cause a mixture of unsettling influences in the air leaving St. Louis with an assortment of climate (Hess, 2011). The summers have a tendency to have more precipitation with the coastal stream and incessant convection (Hess, 2011). However winter can encounter rain and periodic snow due to midlatitude typhoons (Hess, 2011).

information in the analysis. The Appendix to this teaching note contains a discussion of these

As discussed in the previous section, a normal distribution has particular characteristics it conforms to. i.e.

The pattern of precipitation in Brisbane is not regular. The Bureau of Meteorology of Australia (2015) has mentioned that the number of rainfall days has decreased but the intensity of rainfall has increased. From the data below, we can demonstrate that the data is not following any particular trend. In 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2014, rainfall received is just half of the amount of rainfall in 2010. Also, the intensity of rainfall received was highest in the days of months of December and January as compared to rainfall days of other months.

6. Warmer temperatures increase the energy of the climatic system and can lead to heavier rainfall in some areas.

The above plot displays the effects of rainfall on the average amount of inbound commuters. As can be observed around the sudden spikes in rainfall amount, the number of bikers falls somewhat dramatically, more so towards the end of the year. A limitation of this data is that the rainfall amount reported by BOM is not exactly specific to all different commuting areas. Some of these areas could have been much less effected by rain, as well as their being cover to shield commuters from rainfall.

1- most of these stations are unevenly spatially distributed and not enough to extract regional and long-term records of climatic parameters. Rainfall measurements by gages are a good example for the heterogeneity of assessment in space and time (El Kenawy and McCabe 2015); 2- some stations are restricted by topographic influences, nonetheless, their data are used to comprise the climate of the entire region including its plateaus and depressions, which gives biased results. For example, Hereher (2010) found that wind data obtained from meteorological stations in some depressions within the Western Desert of Egypt do not accurately reflect the general wind conditions in the mainland of the desert and there is differences between the main sand drift calculated in these depressions and those extracted from satellite images for the upland desert; and 3- meteorological stations are generally settled in or around cities and, hence, temperature data may be under the influence of the urban heat island (UHI) effect that rises the urban temperature more than surrounding environment. Li et al. (2004) observed that the average surface air temperatures in China were considerably affected for about 50 years due to the UHI. In such cases, it is not possible to point out the

The Normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is an average distribution of values that resemble the shape of a bell which is symmetric about the mean. Most of the values in a normal distribution fall near the average with less values falling behind it. It is produced when the number of data points is relatively large. The curve formed by a normal distribution is called a normal curve or bell curve. If the values are precise, the curve is tall and thin while unprecise data gives a short and wide normal curve.

Figure 4: (a) and (b) represents monthly mean AOD and CF for the Study area and (c) corresponds to monthly mean Rainfall (RF) plots during 2012-15 ISMR