Example Of Just World Bias

The first victimization theory is victim precipitation. According to Dr. Marvin Wolfgang, some people may initiate confrontation, provoking the offender, which could eventually lead to his or her death or injury. (Siegel 78) During his research, he concludes that victims are not entirely innocent or blameless. Consequently, the victim sets into motion their own victimization using confrontation. These precipitations are performed in one of two ways, active or passive. Both have strengths and weaknesses.

Much of the theoretical progress to explain recurring victimization has been focused on repeat victimization. The leading theories include state dependence theory, risk heterogeneity theory, lifestyle routine activities theory, and rational choice theory. Although these theories have different origins and have been applied to a variety of types of recurring victimization, many of the theoretical concepts have applicability across the different types of recurring victimization.

Have you ever been a target of an individual’s cruelty and hatred? It does not necessarily have to be physical, but more like being verbally degraded or publicly humiliated. The effects bullying can have on its victims is something that may last throughout their lives, or something that may end their life(Braithwaite, Hyde, Pope, 2010).We all are well aware of childhood bullying but as evidence shows bullying does not stop on the

Notably, the fundamental attribution error is a personal bias that is problematic in society. To emphasize, the fundamental attribution error is when individuals have the tendency to attribute people’s behavior to components of their character or personality, even when situational influences are producing the behavior (Textbook, page 171). An example of the fundamental attribution error operating in daily life is when a driver avoids hitting a pedestrian and causes an accident. In this

There is an idea that we have become a nation of victims. Some psychologist and most people have a don’t blame the victim mentality. While other psychologist look at the victims as being held accountable in some cases. Looking at the data and validity of these arguments, I believe that neither one should be used but instead we should shy away from the blame approach and develop a better understanding of the role victims play in violent situations

Rape is a crime in which one person forces another person with threats, physical force or deception to have sex or sexual contact. In many cases rape is often through penetration, but victims are submitted to rape under different circumstances, such as oral sex, therefore rape has many muddled definitions. The various definitions of rape is a consequence of different cultural backgrounds and stereotypes. Sexual assaults have an effect on everyone either directly or indirectly, especially when victim blaming. Rape is not biased, for it can occur to any person despite their age, gender, religion, education level, sexual orientation or ethnicity. “According to the Department of Justice the average number of rape cases reported annually is approximately 89,000, but many victims are fearful to report their case to the police, for they do not want to be blamed for their assault.” (The Offender 's) Victim blaming in rape cases is a direct correlation to stereotypes. Some stereotypes that affect victim blaming is sexual orientation, promiscuity, gender roles, and race. “These contributing factors are stemmed from the much larger problem of society 's idea of gender and race stereotypes.” (Gill)

Scapegoating is defined as the action of blaming an individual or group for wrongdoings, especially to draw/redirect attention or responsibility away from oneself. Individuals might scapegoat in order to enact revenge upon others or to avoid personal responsibility for their actions. Scapegoating is especially prevalent in society when there are terrible socioeconomic circumstances and a high level of fear suggested by the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 as well as the Red Scare in the 1960s. Individuals in these circumstances take advantage of the paranoia in the atmosphere and blame or justify their problems on the object of fear. The high level of fear in these communities warps society’s judgement of the feared

To illustrate contemporary victim blaming, a high profile case such as Ray and Janay Rice are an example of victim blaming in modern society. After the video of Ray Rice having punched out his fiancé many wondered after why she stayed and stood by him let alone still marry him. People formed low opinions of her for having stayed and did not stop to think of the psychological aspects of intimate partner violence they saw the assault and instantly seemed to believe that she should easily be able to leave and when she did not leave people became outraged that she could think to stay. Many opinioned that he had absolutely no right to punch her yet there were several who defended Ray Rice saying that she also held some blame in the altercation

“I may be blamed. I think I won’t be believed,” victims believe. Some victims lack awareness, not knowing what constitutes

Where Bias Comes From Words are the world; however, words don’t mirror the world. We depend on vocabularies or words to form thoughts, to interpret ideas, and to communicate with others, and it’s needless to say that we share the same physical world; however, we see the world through different perspective and we use different vocabularies to interpret what we absorb from the objective reality. Consequently, we use different words to describe the unitary reality. For example, if a botanist, an artist, and a poet were presented with a rose, and they were asked to describe the rose with all their might and with all the time, they might came up with three different versions of depiction of the same rose, and yet each of the depiction would has certain flaw that makes it not mirroring the real rose. When we use the word bias, the first thing comes to mind is perspective.

Victim blaming can be defined as a devaluing act where the victim of the said crime is blamed and held partially responsible for the outcome committed against them (Ben-David, Schneider, 2005). As displayed throughout this paper, from historical times to present day there still manages to be the idea that the victim plays some kind of role in their sexual assault taking place. In 1980 an important study was done that is still relevant today. Brown’s study showed the predictive validity of feminist theoretical ideas about the nature of rape in America. The results show that many Americans believed in rape myths with attitudes connected to gender role stereotyping (Burt, 1980). Individuals in the research were asked questions

Our predictions for the first study was that we hypothesized that compared to the conditions of Accept and Rejected, people who were told to write about a time that they believed that someone got what they deserved would agree the most that the type of person Anna is, and that Anna’s behavior were the result of her being bullied. After conduction the experiment and running the data, we concluded that our hypothesis was supported. The results showed that indeed people who wrote about a time they believed that someone got what they deserved were more likely to agree that it was the type of person Anna is, and that Anna’s behavior were the result of her being bullied. The results also showed that people who wrote about a time they accepted

The report by Duke University psychologists explores the effect of unchecked bullying of classmates, which is often undetected or unpunished by school staff, on victims and innocent bystanders.

“Out of every 1000 rapes, 994 perpetrators will walk free”(RAINN). Victim blaming is detrimental to the justice system because it makes it so much harder for victims of sexual assault/rape to come forward and seek justice due to their fear of being attacked by the perpetrators and those who support them. “By engaging in victim-blaming attitudes, society allows the abuser to perpetrate relationship abuse or sexual assault while avoiding accountability for his/her actions.”(“Connecticut Sexual Assault Crisis Services”). Victim blaming in rape and sexual violence cases is a social justice issue because it can influence the outcome of trials, make it difficult for other victims to come forward, and justify the rapist/abuser so they don’t change

For most individuals, the thought of blaming the victim of a tragic experience for their own pain and suffering, seems preposterous. However, ascribing at least some of the blame to the victim is not uncommon (Niemi & Young, 2014). Victim blaming refers to individuals finding reasons to hold the victim of an incident responsible for the crime that took place (Hayes, Lorenz & Bell, 2013). For victims of sexual assault, who may already be experiencing self-blame and distrust of others, being blamed adds insult to injury (Harber, Podolski, & Williams, 2015). According to Harber et. al, victim blaming can also have long-term effects on victims, such as, increased anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. In an effort to increase support and resources for survivors of sexual assault researchers must determine why individuals are prone to blaming the victims rather than the perpetrator of a crime.