Xenophobia as form of violence on the example of Russian Federation Shodiyor Oghonazarov American University of Central Asia Abstract. This paper will explore Violence among human played a significant part of humans’ history. There are certain types of violence that appeared in humans biologically dependent on the environment. It is important to link perspectives from origins of violence on the micro level (individual perspective) to macro level (social perspective) describing the interpretation of violence towards minorities known as xenophobia, based on example of xenophobia towards immigrants in Russian Federation. Key Words: Violence, Xenophobia, Hate Crime Introduction Xenophobia - fear and hatred of strangers or foreigners or something …show more content…
Possessive xenophobia – minor individual is fundamentally different from and outside imagined community AND they are trying to take jobs, education, tax dollars, medical care, etc., from individuals of major groups. (Jones, 2011) 3. Toxic xenophobia – minor individual is fundamentally different from and outside our imagined community AND is trying to destroy that which major group holds most dear, freedom. (Jones, 2011) All three kinds of the xenophobia present in Russian society, which makes it the most violent country in post-soviet space. “Russian skinhead groups violently reject immigration (and internal migration) by ethnic minorities. Extremist groups regularly refer to a ‘genocide’ of ethnic Russians, playing on widespread racialized fears of demographic decline.” (Arnold, 2015) A number of assaults happen every day is impossible to count, considering the fact of how many of them are not registered. The level of violence against racism was the highest in the period from 2005 to 2009, after which (as I will describe below), the state delayed its police efforts late. In 2007, SOVA recorded skinheads, killing 97 people and beating 623. In 2009, the corresponding figures were 94 and
The topic of immigrants has been debated for centuries, and has been an even larger topic for discussion since the attack on the two towers in 2001. Many people contemplate whether immigrants are a reason to be scared, not; and if so, then why? If one finds themselves asking this conflicting question, Jeremy Adam Smith’s article, Our Fear of Immigrants, provides an answer. Relying on research from psychologists and sociologists, Smith gives sufficient evidence for why immigrants bring such intense feelings of both hatred and compassion, and recommends a way to increase empathy toward them.
One example that clearly illustrates this hatred is Jeanne’s Caucasian teacher at Boyle Heights. Jeanne writes, “She would have nothing to do with me...This was the first time I had felt outright hostility from a Caucasian,” (Wakatsuki Houston; 12). This hatred was a first for
It has been thoroughly thought over what current topic or issue that people experience in most environments today, at both a micro and macro level that would be able to be examined and have come to the decision of looking at the most widely discussed subject, prejudice. All people are affected by prejudice in one way or another and it can impact on people's lives depending on what form it has taken. Also to be able to acknowledge that all people can be prejudices and see this is the first step to overcoming it.. The question that has been decided upon is that of “What types of prejudice do we see commonly today and how do they affect an individual at a micro and macro level?”
Our Fear of Immigrants by Jeremy Adam Smith uses emotional scenarios and scientific evidence to support his question of why people fear immigrants. Smith never clearly states his point in the paper, but he wants to address the issue of prejudice against immigrants. This is easy to figure out because of the content of the excerpt, and the headings that guides the reader to an additional support of the idea throughout the passage.
The reason why Smith questioned the credibility of Xenophobia was because of the way the classmates of Rodrigo reacted to him getting deported. Rodrigo’s classmates sent their friend a video, a valentine, and even had their parents help them write their congressmen as well as speak to the media in order to help get their friend back. Smith stated, “If xenophobia has such a deep evolutionary and psychological roots, what explains Ms. Wagner’s fourth-grade class, which rallied to support their friend Rodrigo after he was sent back to Mexico?” (Smith,754).
In the essay “Our Fear of Immigrants,” Jeremy Adam Smith writes about why it is we fear immigrants. Smith divides his essay with numerous examples and comparisons, through biological, sociological and psychological explanations. As unorthodox as it sounds, our hesitation towards outsiders can be explained in various ways we never believed imaginable; in Smith’s investigation, he unveils the bewildering reality about the contrasts between ourselves, as adults, and children when it comes to immigration. He begins with a distressful story of a classroom of 4th graders from Berkeley, California, who missed their classmate named Rodrigo when he didn’t return from Christmas break, due to his parents’ expired visa. Rodrigo’s classmates thought that it was so unfair, that they complained to their congressmen. Smith then contrasts this response of empathetic children to unsympathetic adults from Berkeley, California, who protested against immigrants who seek shelter in the U.S for the families. Smith pondered the questions: “Why do immigrants provoke such strong feelings of both empathy and revulsion, a polarization that pits fourth graders in Berkeley against the citizens of Murrieta?” and “What characteristics and qualities do Rodrigo’s classmates possess
Writer Jeremy Adam Smith, starts his argument by telling a story about a little boy named Rodrigo Guzman. Rodrigo’s teacher noticed that he has been absent for a few days and found out later, that him and his family have been deported back to Mexico. Rodrigo’s teacher had told the fourth-grade class what happened to Rodrigo and his family. The kids in his class were shocked to hear that their friend had been deported and wanted to do something about it. In Jeremy Adam Smith “Our Fear of Immigrants”, many Americans fear immigrants based on what they learn from their in-groups. He believes that some people fear immigrants, find them a threat and how people try to tame xenophobe.
What is nativism and xenophobia and how are they being expressed in today’s society? (20 points)
Hate Crime in the United States of America THESIS: In this research paper, information will be given on hate crime in the United States of America. It’s best to know about these types of crimes before it’s too late because it’s rarely reported or spoken about but does occur on regular bases. Hate crime didn't come about until the early 1980's. It's sad how these types of crimes still occur so many years later; there are innocent people who are attacked simply because of their race, religion or sexual orientation. Based on the articles, hate crime in the USA is very common and the chances to be a victim are high enough. Hate crimes are ignorant and pointless, they need to be stopped.Done to many different people in many different
Critical preface: I choose to explore the hate crime problem in society. The reason I choose this topic is because hate crime is a brutal act against people, property, or society because of the group to which they are members or associate with. The hate crime is one of the most notorious crimes which leads to violent acts causing death and disaster. We need to stop these horrible acts and the solution would be to seek advice from an anti-hate organization which help us reduce hate crimes and factual information can then be spread to the society.
One of the greatest difficulties in intercultural relations is the acceptance of others due to the perceived threats and anxiety produced. The threat being that one will lose their culture, language, and ‘race’. These feelings give rise to the issue of racism, prejudice, and in some cases violence. With this in mind, we can begin to see why it is hard for some members of a host country to be accepting of immigrants. In Canada, 16% of Canadians believe immigrants take away jobs from locals (Ward & Masgoret, 2006). The increasing migration of immigrants has a strong impact on the host countries; one such impact is an incident in which a Sikh truck driver was physically assaulted in Canada despite Canada being portrayed as a cultural mosaic. Understanding
When united states citizens have strong feelings of self-perseverance they become xenophobic as they find themselves disliking and fearing other cultures because they feel their own culture is at risk of being overshadowed by others causing its value in society to diminish. This desire to preserve one’s culture is drawn out
Prior to the 1940’s mass migration, about 60,000 immigrants came to America each year. More important than the numbers of immigrants coming into the country was the change in ethnic composition. Previously, the vast majority of immigrants originated from England. Although, during these two decades, over one-and-a-half million Irish came and almost as many Germans followed (A. Thomas Bailey, The American Pageant: A History of the Republic. 3rd ed. Boston: D.C. Heath & Co., 1966. p324). The reaction of the English settlers to these newcomers was a perfect example of the hostile attitude that people display against outsiders. At that time when the first Irish settle in the new country they were looked as the bottom of the social scale, working as unskilled laborers and domestic servants, and some cases living in inhumane conditions. Furthermore, the Irish, like today's Hispanics, were accused of stealing American jobs and blamed in part for some of the economical problem the nation had at the time. This fear and resentment of the English-American towards the new comers especially the Iris led to a movement a racial profiling inspired by xenophobia.
The history of human nature has been bloody, painful, and even destructive. Nonetheless, before understanding their environments humans used to kill each other based on their own mindset on the ideal of violence, and what it actually meant. Pinker describes narratives of violent acts from the past, that today are foreign to us. He gives us a tour of the historical human violence and how the violence in human nature has changed throughout time. The main idea from Pinker’s book,“The Better Angels of Our Nature ', is “for all the dangers we face today, the dangers of yesterday were even worse.” He provides its readers with explicit violent stories beginning from 8000 BCE to now, and describes how violence has evolved from a blood lost to more of a peaceful existence.
Tshitereke (1999) introduces a psychological level of explanation to supplement this sociological interpretation. He conceptualises xenophobia in terms of frustration and relative deprivation. Relative-deprivation theory suggests that 'a key psychological factor in generating social unrest is a sense of relative deprivation. This arises from a subjective feeling of discontent based on the belief that one is getting less than one feels entitled to.