Explain The Major Categories Of Hormones

TCO 5) Sex hormones and adrenal hormones are substances derived from which class of lipid?

A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that travels across the synapse between a neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber, or gland. Hormone is a chemical messenger of the endocrine system that is released by a gland or organ and travels through the blood. Neurotransmitter and hormone both compare because they both are chemical messenger, both chemicals are released from vessels into the surrounding fluid by similar mechanisms. They both work by binding to receptors on target cells. Neurotransmitter and hormones are very important systems, which regulate the various activities of the body, and are dependent on the release of special chemicals. Furthermore, the tissues in the Central Nervous System produce some hormones, as well as the neurotransmitters. What sets neurotransmitter and hormone apart? Neurotransmitters belong to the nervous system, however hormones belong to the endocrine system. Hormones and neurotransmitters are engendered differently; hormones are engendered by endocrine glands while neurotransmitters are engendered by neurons. The transmission of neurotransmitters is across the synaptic cleft, whereas that of hormones is by blood. Hormones are able to regulate their target organs, whereas neurotransmitters are able to stimulate the postsynaptic membranes. The action of neurotransmitters is extremely fast, which could be up to a few milliseconds. In contrast, effect of hormones could be lost for a long period, which could be in the range of few seconds to a few days.

Steroids are a group of liquids with a complex molecule containing carbon atoms in four interlocking rings that form a hydrogenated cyclopentophenanthren-ring system the rings contain six atoms and the fourth contains five.steroids can be important in the body and include hormones such as gonadal,sex steroids and corticosteroids. One group of steroids are produced mainly by adrenal cortex. They fall into three groups glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids and sex hormones. Glucocorticoids have antiinflammatory properties reducing vasodilatation stabilizing cells and decreases the release of histamine it maintains the normal permeability of blood which prevents oedema. It also inhibits production of prostaglandins that mediates the effects of inflammation. They are used

Corticosteroids are a part of the steroid hormones family, which include glucocorticoids that are synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex (Simon, et al., 2013, p. 545). On the flipside anabolic steroids are controversial drugs that are synthetic variants of testosterone (Simon et al., 2013, p. 45).

There are three ways hormones are able to be produced/stimulated. The most common method is through a process called Hormonal Stimuli. As Marieb(2012) states,” The most common stimulus is a hormonal stimulus, in which endocrine organs are prodded into action by other hormones” (p. 311) So in order for some hormones to be stimulated/produced they must first be in the presence of another hormone. Or they must sense that the human body is producing its hormone partner.

Adrenal glands contain cells which produce hormones cortisol, aldosterone (salt retaining hormone) and androgen. Adrenal glands also form small amounts of sex hormones such as testosterone and oestrogen. The amount of cortisol made is controlled by adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), made by the pituitary gland. Cortisol protects the body from illness or injury by maintaining immunity and anti-inflammatory processes and maintains blood pressure. Cortisol is also responsible for feeding back to inhibit ACTH production. If too much cortisol reaches the pituitary, pituitary inhibits adrenal glands, to return cortisol levels to normal. Cortisol normally starts to be produced in the second month of foetal life however, CAH prevents the formation of

Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by body cells.

The human body naturally produces substances that are commonly known as steroids. To keep the body running smoothly, steroids such as Vitamin D, cholesterol, estrogen, and cortisone are needed.

     Corticosteroids are released by the adrenal gland. Corticosteroids help to regulate protein and carbohydrate metabolism. They also influence the body's mineral and water balance in both males and females.

A steroids are any of a large group of fat soluble organic compounds, as the sterols bile acid, and sex hormones, most of which have specific physiological action. Woman are not the only ones with insecurities about their body image. Men magazines often show pictures of really muscular men flexing and advertising protein powers.

These are lipids (fat-soluble chemicals) produced naturally by the human body. Some of these steroids include the male hormone testosterone (an androgen) and the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. Testosterone is responsible for many of the physical changes that occur to males during adolescence, such as deepening of the voice and increase in muscle mass. Even after adolescence, testosterone continues to influence a variety of male sexual and emotional processes.

Anabolic steroids are a group of organic compounds and synthetic variants of the male sex hormone testosterone. The proper term for these compounds is anabolic-androgenic steroids (abbreviated AAS)—“anabolic” referring to muscle-building and “androgenic” referring to increased male sexual characteristics (Pope and Brower, 2005). They are synthesized in the body from cholesterol in the Leydig cells in the testes, and in smaller amounts in the adrenal glands of both males and females and in female ovaries (Talih, Fattal and Malone, 2007). Anabolic steroids should not be confused with other types of steroids such as corticosteroids (e.g., cortisone or prednisone), which have no anabolic effects and therefore have little abuse potential (Pope and Brower, 2005; Sheffield-Moore and Urban, 2004).

The chemical substance of an endocrine gland is called hormone. Endocrine glands are also known as ductless glands. Endocrine glands secrete or deposit the hormones into the blood. After the deposition of hormones into the blood, the blood provides the hormones to each and every part of the body. Estrogen and testosterone are the two sex hormones. In similarity with all other hormones, estrogen and testosterone are messengers that take the message to the respective part of the body. Estrogen and testosterone are in fact the substances that are produced in one part of the body and go on to provide information to other parts of the body about what they should do. Men and women produce both estrogen and testosterone (J., 1984).

All animals and humans produce large compounds which are referred to as Steroids. They can be made synthetically or naturally.

Steroids are a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms. They include many hormones, alkaloids, and vitamins. There are many types of steroids. You will find more about steroids throughout this essay.