External Consequences Of Terrorism

In today’s society domestic terrorism is one of the biggest threats to the United States. Some of these recent terrorist attacks include. Domestic Terrorism is when U.S. citizens carry out terrorist acts against other U.S. residents or groups.Many people think that the biggest threat of terrorism to the U.S. is from a foreign country, when in fact, the bigger threat is closer to home. Domestic terrorism is becoming a bigger threat to the U.S. than international terrorism and we need to find a way to prevent these attacks.

Domestic terrorism has played a major part in shaping the societies of the United States. The ideologies of individuals can become radicalized. This can lead to a movement. This movement involves the infliction of fear upon the communities, in attempt to make it a better world. It is critical to examine the events created by one man’s extreme ideologies in effort to better understand.

The President of the United States of America issued the Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD)-5 on February 28th, 2003 for managing Domestic incidents like terrorist attacks. The HSPD-5 helped create the National Incident Management System (NIMS), (Homeland Security, 2004). The use of the Incident Management System and Incident Command System can help manage the response to an attack involving Weapons of Mass Destruction among many other emergencies. These systems allow for coordination to be used in a proper and efficient manner. Without a system in place communication and coordination can fall apart and the response will not be prompt as it needs to be to protect lives and infrastructure.

In a United States-centered world, when one considers domestic terrorism, often one assumes that the United States is being spoken about, with all other acts of terrorism being deemed as “international.” While it is true that it would be international from a US standpoint, if all acts of terrorism are seen within a bubble it makes it much more difficult to combat terrorists before they become a larger problem. Often, many domestic terrorists can go on to have an impact on the international community and Greece is no different. They, like many other countries, have their own internal terrorism issues and ironically, most of these groups like November 17, Revolutionary People’s Struggle or Revolutionary Nuclei, are anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist

Just one month after the attack, legislations were introduced to create this Department of Homeland Security. DHS was born in the wake of anti-terrorism focus, in which much attention was diverted to the formation of a new National Threat Advisory system. The system applied colour coded level in expressing the state of security, whereby green signified low threat while red signified severe threats. Many DHS officers were given the responsibility of preparing for the upcoming terror attack in an attempt to minimise the effects of such assaults.

During the Cold War era, fallout shelters were an instrumental part of society where the government-sponsored these measures to protect the country and its citizens from nuclear attack. However, the Cold war has past and a new threat has emerged that is unpredictable and seems to appear out of nowhere. Seemingly, the government is trying to secure the critical infrastructure of the United States through internal restructuring, legislation and the private sector.

The United States Department of Homeland Security was used the National Terrorism Advisory System (NTAS) which is terrorism threat advisory scale since 20 April 2011. The framework was reported on 27 January 2011 by Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano amid a discourse at George Washington University. The National Terrorism Advisory System (NTAS) is a terrorism threat advisory scale used by the United States Department of Homeland Security since April 26, 2011. The NTAS is the replacement for the often-criticized, color-coded Homeland Security Advisory System introduced by the George W. Bush administration in 2002.

The NTAS’s antecedent, HSAS, was not often viewed as credible or respected by the general public due to its overuse, ineffectiveness, and consistently high or elevated alert. The NTAS now possesses the opposite problem. After six years of use, the NTAS still has not used to their alert system to the public of an Elevated Threat or an Imminent Threat. There is no history or credible resources that show the public how credible the NTAS really is, except for the bulletins that the DHS post very minimally (Terror Alert System, 2017). However effective the NTAS might be in the future, there are no current examples of NTAS effectiveness for the public to base their opinions on. This may lead some to wonder why the NTAS is a

Wherever anyone goes, anyone is vulnerable to Terrorism. Terrorism exists as an incredibly horrific and violent act, and it affects everyone that goes through it and people watching news and reading newspapers. The effects of terrorism can be extremely dangerous; sometimes it can even be deadly. “In the last of a couple of years around 50 terrorist attacks have been in the United States and Around 200 in the world” (Barrett), just last week there was an attack on the London bridge. ISIS even has claimed that they planned the attack. For anybody that doesn't know who ISIS is they are a terrorist organization that people say " They are upon extreme than Al-Qaida or any other terrorist group in the world"(Tran). Terrorism affects the world in so many ways, and it isn't pretty. As People that travel a lot read the

Since the 9/11 attack, a little over a decade ago, our nation has witnessed the initiation and implementation of two national warning systems, which was launched in April of 2011. “We 've also seen the emergence of several emergency- and disaster-related citizen support groups, designed to serve law-enforcement agencies and first responders at all levels of government—city, county, state, and federal”(Homeland Security past, present ,future). Presendent Bush signed Homeland Security Presidential Directive 3 in March of 2002, creating the Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS). “”This system was established to

Per the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), domestic terrorism is an offense that is intended to influence or affect the conduct of government through intimidation or coercion. It can also be considered as a retaliation against government conduct. Terrorism violates many statutes, including 18 U.S.C. § 2332b, § 930(c), which relates to killing or attempting to kill during the attack of a federal facility with a dangerous weapon; and § 1114 which relates to the killing or attempted killing of officers and employees of the U.S (FBI, 2016). To be classified as an act of domestic terrorism, the event must contain specific criteria, such as the involvement of acts that are dangerous to human life that are in violation of federal or state law.

As the need for a more uniformed response system that not only notified federal agencies but that would include state, local and civilians the Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS) became obsolete and was replaced with National Terrorism Advisory System (NTAS). This instrument is not only beneficial in planning how to prepare for terrorist attack but also provides guidance to all whom may be involved on procedures and policies. First responders need to be aware of all risks they may be exposed to prior to, during, and after an event occurs. Lack of proper personal equipment (PPE), training and funding for their agency may be detrimental not only to them but those they are trying to assist. There are many risk that first responders are

Domestic terrorism consists of violations against federal and state law that put humans into danger. The purpose of domestic terrorism is to influence or to instill fear into the population and government. Terrorism comes in forms of gun violence, assassinations, and destruction (1). Since 1970, there have been 2,608 attacks and 226 fatal attacks up until 2011 (3). In 1867, the development of dynamite contributed to increasing terrorism, and radicals have used explosives to bring attention to political issues within the country. This invention led to the Haymarket Affair, Los Angeles Times, and the Preparedness Day bombings (2). What has further caused domestic terrorism has been the argument over who is an American. This explains the emergence of the Boston Tea Party and the “white supremacy” of the Ku Klux Klan which both occurred to claim what being an authentic American means (3). After the Cold war, domestic intelligence and law enforcement suppressed terrorist plots, but since the leader of al-Qaeda increased website usage in 2003, more internet terrorist sites have grown. In 2009, the FBI stated that there were approximately 15,000 websites that advocated terrorism with 10,000 sites still active on 80% of U.S based servers. (4) An example of an attack was the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995 which resulted in 168 people dead and 600 people injured; the motivation for this was to show the opposition against the U.S government by bombing the Alfred P. Murrah Federal

In spite of the fact that the distinctive types of terrorism may emerge for various arrangement of reasons however a portion of the real causes might be recorded as political disappointment, financial hardship, local incongruities and intercession into religious, social; and individual opportunity of the general population . Any or these may on occasion make circumstance where worldwide personal stakes discover t simple to mediate and to animate the propensities towards terrorism for further their own particular targets at the expense of honest individuals .

Over the years there have been significant changes in how terrorism is carried out. With the changes in how terrorism is carried out there have also been dramatic changes in how countries counter terrorist attacks. The modifications in the way a country counters these terrorist attacks affects international relations of these countries. These issues bring about the question of how have counter terrorism methods affected international relations. To answer this question several things must be addressed which are, methodology, history of terrorism, and a literature review of multiple authors that have discussed this subject.