C. elegans are a nematode a member of the phylum nematode family. They are roundworms with smooth, unsegmented skin and are about one millimeter in length. C. elegans. The do not have a respiratory and circulatory system, but they do have a hypodermis, excretory system and muscles.(1) They are model organisms to use in experiments because they have a short life span, which makes them manageable, they are inexpensive, and most importantly they are transparent.(2) Therefore, whatever you do to them you will be able to see through a microscope. I conducted a research on C. elegans to test to see how every day fertilizer that we apply to our soil affects them and their movements. When you are putting fertilizer on your soil you are adding extra nutrients to the soil to make your yard look nicer. Although, if you are not careful you may also be putting too much fertilizer on your soil which is raising the concentration of all the nutrients in the soil abnormally
Therefore, the reason for my experiment is to see how adding fertilizer may affect C. elegans. This research is important because, if we don’t know what happens if we add fertilizer to C. elegans environment, then we can potentially be killing them. Therefore, if we are killing the C. elegans, then we are killing the environment itself. My hypothesis on this experiment is that NPK fertilizer will affect C. elegans negatively, causing them to decrease in motion and repel from the fertilizer.
Methods: One the first day
The dependent variable is pulsation rates of L. variegatus before and after they were in the treatments. The standardized variable of this experiment would be the temperature of the surroundings of the L. variegatus, the three pulsation rates taken for each worm before and after the treatments, and also the amount of time each worm was kept in their respective treatments. The level of treatment for this experiment would be ten because of the six different concentration treatments of caffeine and nicotine along with the four household drugs. The sample size of the experiment differed from some treatments to other. For the three different concentrations of caffeine and nicotine, the sample size was 18 black worms each. The sample size of the control treatment of week 1 was 6 black worms. 12 black worms were used for the control of week 2, decaffeinated coffee and instant coffee. 11 black worms were used for the tea treatment and 15 were used for the tobacco treatment. There were three replications of the pulsation rate readings per worm before and after the treatment. With all this information we were able to get the results we got.
At the start of the semester we learned that one’s environment influences how they behave. Through the variety of dimensions listed in the multidimensional framework, we learned that “people confront biophysical, psychological and social demands that require effective human responses (Ashford & LeCroy, 2010, p.9)”. Through Erikson’s psychosocial theory we learned that there are several stages during one’s development must be completed in order to move on to the other stage. That is that each individual must master the first stage and all its tasks in order to proceed to the next stage. Failure to master the stage and its tasks determines how they will succeed in the next stage. For example, Raul Salazar, a case study listed in the text, entails a story of a boy in the fourth grade, who due to his chaotic environment is unable to thrive in his environment. An anxiety disorder that could have either been passed down from his mother or created directly from his social environment, has affected his social functioning. Due to his anxious nature Raul, was labeled as having a learning disability.
In this experiment we are testing the effect of fertilizer on the speed of plant growth. We prepared a 4 quad cell, 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. So, we had one with no fertilizer, one with three seeds of fertilizer, one with six seeds of fertilizer, and lastly, one with nine seeds of fertilizer. The plants that we grew were called Wisconsin Fast Plants, members of the crucifer family. These plants are small and easy to grow, but for optimal growth they require continuous fertilizer, water, fluorescent light, and temperature between 18 degrees Celsius and 26 degrees Celsius 24 hours a day. Fertilizers are substances that are put into soils to increase the growth of the plant. There are two different types of fertilizers, synthetic
Pill bugs live in an outside environment where they are able to get the necessary amount of energy from organic matter. This environment is where water and organic matter is plentiful. In there natural habitat, pill bugs are found in dark, damp places. Living in moist places is important for pill bugs so they can take in enough water, and if water is not available, they group together to prevent water loss. Pill bugs most often live in dark places because they have a negative photo taxis. Darker places also tend to be cooler and damper. Each experiment connected to how the pill bugs would behave in a certain environment. We were able to test these experiments in a laboratory way to see if the natural environments were also true.
The purpose of our experiment was to observe the behavior of the pill bugs. We were trying to find exactly whether the pill bugs would be attracted or repelled by the chemicals. The chemicals used were vinegar, water, salt solution and a sugar
As an experiment I would place multiple kinds of cereal in front of a single mealworm, and record their reactions to each certain type of
The C. elegans were washed several times once a week for several weeks. After the final wash for each week, a small amount of C. elegans was pipetted to the middle of each plate (3 experimental plates and 1 control plate). After all the passages for the C. elegans were completed, the three avoidance assay plates were set up. (A small amount of S. marcerens was pipetted on one side of each assay plate while a small
However, for each quad, the fertilizer used for the control was added altogether with the fertilizers being studied. Since the only plant that presented growth was in the control quad, it becomes necessary to explore the effects of excess fertilizers, and furthermore, excess nitrogen, would have in the development of the fast plants. Although Nitrogen is one of the elements most living organisms require, some studies have showed high levels of nitrogen can cause toxic stress to some plants, to the point where growth can be inhibited. (Yu et al.
Read "Lab 3: Biodiversity." This lab will allow you to investigate how various organisms alter their environments. Additionally, it will allow you to
Basically speaking, an earthworm has two muscles, circular and longitudinal, that allow for locomotion with the muscular system. They run throughout their entire bodies and also help with contraction.
The article discussed the changes in many habitats due to anthropogenic activity. Anthropogenic is an adjective that describes changes in nature due to the people. Next, this article discussed climate change and the impact that it is having on species like clams, and fish due to ocean temperatures rising. The article also addressed carbon dating of fossils to look for cause of extinctions. Human development and agriculture have had a tremendous impact on the population of many species that are terrestrial. Deforestation is a big problem that has caused a decline in the bird species. Commercial fishing in many areas has led to a decline in fish populations. Furthermore this article
In the event that you see any indications of wood harm in your home, it was in all likelihood brought about by termites. Termite pervasion can bring about an enormous issue in your home, and also in your place of business in the event that it is not treated. In the event that your home or even your business place was assembled utilizing a lot of wood, then a termite pervasion can bring about the serious harm to the basic elements of the building. Subsequently, once you see that there is a termite invasion in your home or business, you have to contact a termite control organization promptly.
Processed that shaped the landscape: 1. What processes that shape the landscape continuously take place? 2. Will the earth’s surface look the same in the future as it looks today? 3.
First we will induce beta amyloid expression in the C. elegans and then quantify paralysis time. Then the worms will be run on a series of assays, testing for arginine levels, arginase levels, and NOS levels. We will then test to see if DFMO given before heat shock or after heat shock will inhibit expression at a greater level. Whichever one works best we will then do the assays again. We hypothesize that giving C. elegans a dose of DFMO prior to the heat shock will lead to less if not totally inhibiting expression of beta-amyloids after the heat shock as well as increased levels of arginine, and decreased levels of arginase and
Invasive species are organisms that are not native to an ecosystem and cause harm to it. These organisms are capable of bringing about a great deal of damage to the ecosystems they are foreign to. This can range from disrupting the growth of the environment it has taken over to completely decimating other species. The introduction of invasive species to new environments often involves humans. The way that invasive species are introduced to a new environment varies greatly. Invasive species may be introduced by something as simple as humans accidentally tracking species into a new environment from the bottom of their shoes, or something bigger like destroying an ecosystem to clear the land, forcing the species that lived there to flee to a new ecosystem that can be disrupted by the presence of a new species.