GROUP 1 REPORT FINANCIAL RATIOS
Financial ratios are useful indicators of a firm’s performance and financial situation. Most ratios can be calculated from information provided by the financial statements. Financial ratios can be used to analyze trends and to compare the firm’s financials to those of other firms. In some cases, ratio analysis can predict future bankruptcy.
SOURCES OF DATA FOR FINANCIAL RATIOS
Balance Sheet Income Statement Statement of Cash Flows Statement of Retained Earnings
PURPOSE AND TYPES OF RATIOS
Financial ratios can be classified according to the information they provide. The following types of ratios frequently are used: a. b. c. d. e. Liquidity ratios Asset turnover ratios Financial leverage
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It is the cost of goods sold in a time period divided by the average inventory level during that period:
Cost of Goods Sold Inventory Turnover = Average Inventory
The inventory turnover often is reported as the inventory period, which is the number of days worth of inventory on hand, calculated by dividing the inventory by the average daily cost of goods sold:
Average Inventory Inventory Period = Annual Cost of Goods Sold / 365
The inventory period also can be written as:
365 Inventory Period = Inventory Turnover
Other asset turnover ratios include fixed asset turnover and total asset turnover.
FINANCIAL LEVERAGE RATIOS
Financial leverage ratios provide an indication of the long-term solvency of the firm. Unlike liquidity ratios that are concerned with short-termed assets and liabilities, financial leverage ratios measure the extent to which the firm is using long term debt. The debt ratio is defined as total debt divided by total assets:
Total Debt Debt Ratio = Total Assets
The debt-to-equity ratio is total debt divided by total equity:
Total Debt Debt Ratio = Total Equity
Debt ratios depend on the classification of long-term leases and on the classification of longterm debt or equity. The times interest earned ratio indicates how well the firm’s earnings can cover the interest payments on its debt. This ratio also is known as the interest coverage and is calculated as follows:
EBIT Interest Coverage = Interest Charges
Where EBIT
The inventory turnover ratio "measures the number of times on average the inventory sold during the period; computed by dividing cost of goods sold by the average inventory during the period" (Kimmel et al, 2007, p. 292). This indicates how quickly a company sells its goods and a high ratio "suggests that management is reducing the amount of inventory on hand, relative to sales" (Kimmel et al, 2007, p. 287).
Ratios are highly important profit tools in financial analysis that help financial analysts implement plans that improve profitability, liquidity, financial structure, reordering, leverage, and interest coverage. Although ratios report mostly on past performances, they can be predictive too, and provide lead indications of potential problem areas. Financial ratios are important because they help investors make decisions to buy hold or sell securities.
Financial ratios play a key role in determining how a company is doing financially either for the good or the bad. Financial Ratios can be used internally or externally to determine how financially stable a company is. For this assignment we will use three common ratios to determine how financially stable and how Under Armour is over the last three years.
There is a essential use and limitations of financial ratio analysis, One must keep in mind the following issues when using financial ratios: One of the most important reasons for using financial ratio analysis is comparability and for this, a reference point is required. Usually, financial ratios are compared to historical ratios of the business itself, competitor’s financial ratios or the overall ratios of the industry in question. Performance may be adjudged as against organizational goals or forecasts. A number of ratios must be analyzed together to get a true and reliable picture of the financial performance of the business. Relying on each ratio
Financial ratios are great indicators to find a firm’s performance and financial situation. Most of the ratios are able to be calculated through the use of financial statements provided by the firm itself. They show the relationship between two or more financial variables that can be used to analyze trends and to compare the firm’s financials with other companies to further come up with market values or discount rates, etc.
These ratios are used to provide an insight of the long-term solvency of a company. They differ from Liquidity Ratios by indicating how a company is using its long-term debt.
One good example of a financial ratio is the net profit margin, which is used to compare the net income of a business with its net revenue to find out the profit of a specific business earned. This ratio helps the business to know its profit position compared to other businesses in the same industry, and also realise if its profitability is growing or decreasing over different periods of time. Financial ratio analysis is a very important tool in any business; it makes the process of financial comparison between two or more businesses very easy. Directly comparing financial statements is not that effective because different businesses have different sizes. Financial ratio analysis allows easy comparison of financial statements, both in different
Financial ratios can be used for a quick comparison to other companies in the industry and to the same company over time. They allow you to ignore the numbers and focus on their relationships.
The paper illustrates that financial ratio analysis is an important tool for firm’s to evaluate their financial health in order to identify areas of weakness so as to institute corrective measures.
Long term creditors and shareholders are interested in this part of ratios and very carefully to deal with it. It evaluates how the company is using or managing its debt. Debt asset ratio and times interest earned and times interest earned will be calculated in
Financial ratio analysis is a valuable tool that allows one to assess the success, potential failure or future prospects of the company (Bazley 2012). The ratios are helpful in spotting useful trends that can indicate the warning signs of
A. Ratios are used to standardize numbers, facilitate comparisons, and highlight both weaknesses and strengths. In addition, ratios are important profit tools in financial analysis that help financial managers implement plans that improve profitability, liquidity, financial structure, reordering, leverage, and interest coverage. Managers use ratios to help them effectively run the business. Creditors use ratios
Ratio analysis is generally used by the company to provide some information on how the company has performed during that year, so that the parties involved including shareholders, lenders, investors, government and other users could make some analysis before making any further decision towards that particular company. As mentioned by Gibson (1982a cited in British Accounting Review, 2002 pg. 290) where he believes that the use of ratio analysis is such an effective tool to evaluate the company’s finance, and to predict its future financial state. Ratios are simply divided in several categories; these are the profitability, liquidity, efficiency and gearing.
The calculation of ratios is the calculation technique for analyzing a company’s financial performance that divides or standardize one accounting measure by another economically relevant measure. Financial ratios can be used as a tool to demonstrate financial statement users for making valid comparisons of firm operating performance, over time for the same firm and between comparable companies. External investors are mostly interested in gaining insights about a firm’s profitability, asset management, liquidity, and solvency.
Our first important financial ratio is the current ratio. The current ratio measures a firms’ potential or ability to pay off it’s short term debts (or liabilities) with specifically it’s current assets. Short term liabilities are due within a year, which makes the current ratio extremely important. The ratio is both a liquidity ratio and an efficiency ratio. A company favors a higher current ratio because it shows the company can pay current debt payments with little hassle. If a company has a current ratio of 3, it means the company has 3x the current assets than current liabilities. But If a company