Fluorescence Spectroscopy And The Emission Wavelength Of Eosin Serum Albumin ( Bsa )

The most common macromolecules found in living organisms are lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids. Briefly, the meaning of macromolecules is that they normally contain two or more molecules in them and their main functions are to store energy, information and much more. Most foods are known to be combinations of macromolecules. While some of these compounds can be detected by taste tests, many cannot. Scientists then use certain tests to determine the presence of macromolecules.

The shape and magnitude of the UV spectra depends on the composition of amino acid in each protein. Due to the aromatic amino acid residues in the protein, the observed UV absorbance was mainly in the 240 nm to 340 nm region. In Figure 1 to 3, the maximal absorbance of each protein was approximately at 280 nm. The difference in magnitudes of the peak observed was linked to the differences in the amino acid contents in each of the proteins. The peak of lysozyme was greater than those of BSA and gelatin, because lysozyme has a greater number of tryptophan residues. Lysozyme has six tryptophan residues, whereas BSA and gelatin has two and zero, respectively (Department of Chemistry, 2014). Lysozyme has three times more tryptophan residues

Evers, D. J., B. Hendricks, G. Lucassen, and T. Ruers. "Optical Spectroscopy: Current Advances and Future Applications in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy." NCBI. National Center for Biotechnology Information, 8 Mar. 2012. Web. 13 Sept. 2015.

A spectrophotometer’s purpose is to use colors of the light spectrum to determine the concentration of light absorbing molecules in a solution. (p.59) In this particular lab, our mission was to determine the protein concentration and the standard curve of the unknown sample of BSA. This, by preparing five dilutions of the unknown solution of BSA together with other known concentrations, and then experimenting by observing how the concentrations were passed through the spectrophotometer. The outcome resolved in the absorption levels being decreased, and this

The specificity of albumin binding experiment was to determine the binding interactions that occur between serum albumin and three synthetic dyes with the use of electrophoretic procedure. Whole blood, or plasma. Clots upon standing and if the clot is removed, the remaining straw colored fluid is called serum. The major protein in serum is albumin which functions as a carrier molecule for the transport of certain small molecular weight compounds in blood. Molecules that bind to serum albumin are fatty acids, hormones and some synthetic dyes. In this experiment the synthetic dyes used are Bromophenol Blue, Ponceau S and Orange G. we observed that free dyes not bound to albumin migrate faster that albumin or dyes bound to albumin. This

Green Fluorescent Protein, produced by the bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria, is a protein that fluoresces green under ultraviolet light. Since its discovery, properties of the protein have been improved by mutations in the gene resulting in the expansion of its spectrum, which now contains brighter variants and multiple different colors. GFP is used in a wide variety of applications and technologies. Its many different applications have contributed greatly, and continue to do so, in numerous fields of study including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, microbiology, biotechnology, and medicine.

Chemiluminescence is the release of light without heat due to a chemical reaction. The release of light is from bonds that are broken, formed, or restructured2. A similar process, known as fluorescence, also produces an illumination. This chemical process on the other hand, gets its energy for light from the absorbance and release of light at different frequencies.

How does it work? Glow sticks produce light using a process known as chemiluminescence. Chemiluminescence is the production of light energy from a chemical reaction without the use of heat or a flame.

Light can be produced in many different ways, including incandescence, phosphorescence, and fluorescence (Gunderman 1). Incandescence is when heat makes an object release light, like the filament in a light bulb. Phosphorescence is when a material absorbs energy and then releases it slowly over time, like glow-in-the-dark toys. Fluorescence is when a material absorbs energy and releases it quickly as light (Gunderman 1). Fluorescence is the process used in glow sticks (Science Fair Projects 1). The fluorescent dye in this experiment’s glow sticks released yellow light. Different color glow sticks are made with different dyes (Harris 2).

This is known as the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. The goal of photophosphorylation is to take the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy for the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle then takes this chemical energy and uses it to make glucose. Photophosphorylation begins when a photon (packet of light) is absorbed by a pigment (light absorbing molecule), which is attached to a protein along the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. The energy from the photon creates resonance (electron passing from one pigment to the next), which eventually reaches a special reaction center. The reactions center is a protein that houses a special pair of chlorophyll molecules capable of releasing electrons. When the chlorophyll molecules get excited, they release two electrons. These two electrons then move along the membrane through a series of specialized protein releasing energy as they go. This action creates an H+ gradient inside the lumen of the chloroplast. Eventually the electrons reach the end of the chain and attach onto electron carriers. The H+ flow across the ATP Synthase protein where they meet up with ADP (andesine diphosphate) and Pi (phosphate group) to from ATP. The chemical energy created can then be used in the Calvin

Usually an excited state can take the form of the electron bouncing from its start energy level or annual also called the ground state. The excited states that are found in the atoms which are in molecules are really crucial for some chemical reactions. The excited electron does not stay in the excited state for a long time, in a while it goes down back to the ground state. When an electron goes down from the excited state, its energy decreases in the form of light, this process is called emission (What is an Excited

• A photon hits a pigment & its energy is passed among pigment molecules until it excites P680 • An excited electron from P680 is

The concentrations of L-arginine and L-asparagine were measured in the range 0.110 mM. Data was collected from the fluorescence intensity of the Arg-and Asn-sensing membranes at the two emission wavelengths (λem = 565 and 625 nm) at an excitation wavelength of 460 nm (λex = 460 nm). The fluorescence spectra for detecting L-Arg and L-Asn were measured using a multifunctional fluorescence microtiter plate reader (Saphire2, Tecan GmbH, Wien, Austria).

Purpose In this laboratory, the mass of riboflavin in a vitamin B pill was determined by using the florescence spectrometry technique. Analytically Relevant Chemical-Level Processes A photon of energy is, first, supplied by external light source.

The photon ends up smacking into chlorophyll and that energy gets absorbed by an electron then the electron gets all jittery and excited like Chaney eating cookies. Chaney eating cookies is called photoexcitation. Sorry, I was recently told that electrons getting energy and having no where to put it is called photoexcitation. Just imagine photons being Harry Styles and electrons as twelve year old girls. Or even better: the photons as Jensen Ackles and the electrons as Naida.