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Flying Direction Lab Report

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flying direction. To achieve best solution, all particles will follow the current optimum particles[49]. The PSO algorithm is explained step by step as follows. Step 1: Some parameters are initialized with certain values. These parameters include operation and maintenance coefficient, number of variables, and constraints such as boundaries of variables and battery, charge and discharge efficiency, maximum number of iteration, population size or swarm size, inertia weight and its damping ratio, personal and global learning coefficient, and velocity limits. Step 2: PSO is initialized with a group of random particles. Each particle has its own position, velocity, and best position called personal best position. Each particle will be updated by its own personal best position and global best position. Personal best position is the best position the particle itself has ever reached and global best position is the best one obtained by any particle in the whole group. Step 3: After initialization, several iterations will be performed. In each iteration, the velocity and position of the particles are updated by the following two functions[49]. Velocity = w * Velocity+ c1 * rand() * (pbest- pPosistion) + c2 * rand() * (gbest- pPosition) ( 4 8 ) pPosition=pPosition+Velocity〖-P〗_b^(t,) ( 4 9 ) Velocity is the particle velocity. w …show more content…

The time to charge battery bank is selected at 1, 4, 10, and 16 where electricity prices are relative low than the prices followed. The discharge time is chosen at 2, 7, 13, and 19 where electricity prices are the highest before the next charge time. The battery bank is charged at the lowest electricity price and discharged at the highest electricity price, which allows WWTP to gain financial benefits and helps increase the stability of the main electricity grid.

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