Foreign Exchange Market and Currency

The Balance of Payments in India mainly relies on services exports, remittances and the course capital flows, both foreign direct investments (FDI) and FII. It is very essential that all market participants, such as banks and other intermediaries be provided with the wherewithal so that they can undertake a risk management in a way that is scientific. One of the ways to access domestic, foreign exchange markets is to hedge on the underlying foreign exchange exposures. In addition, the facilities that are available as the booking of forward contracts were included in the domestic forex market in order to evolve and acquire volumes and depth (Sumanth, 2012). Some of the newer hedging instruments have put in place swaps and options in the

The first stage in defining a risk management strategy includes the formulation of superior objectives as basis for the firm’s foreign exchange risk management policy. Only with respect to these objectives embedded in the firm’s risk management strategy can an appropriate policy in managing foreign currency risks be developed. For instance, GM Corporation has identified three primary objectives which should be met by the foreign exchange risk management policy to ensure the ongoing business results.

The presentation was scheduled for the first week of December 1990. Mr. Pross outlined the use of various derivatives, noting that they differed widely in their ability to reduce risk. If the company was, say, placing a large bid to buy a building abroad, one might prefer to use foreign currency options to hedge the currency risk in the event the deal fell through. He argued, however, that foreign currency futures were best suited to hedge the fluctuations in revenues arising from currency movements. Mr. Pross proposed a plan to hedge currency risk using futures which

The starting point of any foreign exchange risk management plan is to identify the exchange exposure faced. In controlling the foreign exchange risk, currency options have attained acceptance as very helpful tools due to their exclusive nature. They are very critical and convey a much wider range of hedging alternatives. Call options provide the right to the buyer to purchase the

Journal written by Robert G.Rulland from Northeastern University and Timothy S.Dauprik from Univesity of South Carolina discussed about the foreign currency translation and behaviour of exchange rate. Consequently, the first controversy is which translation method provides the most meaningful translation gains and losses, for example which method provides the most reasonable measure of the foreign entity's exposure to movements in exchange rates. The second controversy is whether translation gains and losses should be reported in the income statement or whether they should be deferred and shown in the stockholders' equity section of the balance sheet. Two major controversies exist in the translation of foreign currency financial statements is first which translation method should be used, and the second is how should the resulting translation gains and losses be reported. When items translated at current exchange rates, translation gains and losses result. Translation methods vary as, to which balance sheet items translated at current and which at historical exchange rates. This paper proposes two criteria for settling these questions which are based upon the actual pattern of exchange rates existing between the U.S. dollar and other currencies .It is argued that application of these criteria would result in a more objective and economically meaningful translation process than exists under current rules.

Then, we took into consideration only a fluctuation of the exchange rate. The scenarios that we analyzed covers different positions of the dollar against the euro: weak dollar (USD 1,48/EUR), stable dollar (USD 1,22/EUR) and strong dollar (USD 1,01/EUR). Different coverage of costs with hedging was also introduced in the analysis. The three main policies are of not hedging, 100% hedging with forward contracts and 100% hedging with options.

We are using the third currency pair i.e. GBP/USD for the conduct of the study and the appreciation / Depreciation of these currencies over the

Next, we are concerned about accounting risk. At each reporting period end we must translate all of our balance sheet items to our reporting currency (USD). This means that if we hold assets in a foreign denominated currency and it depreciates relative to the USD, it will result in a write down of our balance sheet assets. This can be particularly harmful in the face of loan covenants, and potentially drive up our borrowing costs. This can also result in a decrease of our net income and drive down our share price.

The price of a currency that will be delivered in the future is called (THE FORWARD EXCHANGE RATE)

This option provided protection when the US Dollar strengthened against the currency basket. This basket was purchased late in the year from banks, after forecasting the company’s planned and expected foreign profits for the next year

This option provided protection when the US Dollar strengthened against the currency basket. This basket was purchased late in the year from banks, after forecasting the company’s planned and expected foreign profits for the next year

the currency into dollars and be exposed to a possible loss or gain when they convert the money.

The expected prospect estimation of the dollar – the yearnings are having an escalating pressure in deciding the exchange rates level. On the off chance that fund administrators think the exchange rate will increase they want to buy the currency. And if they sense the exchange rates will decrease they offer the currency. The time these save heads will consider might be years, months, days or minutes, so this adds to the making impulse in overall budgetary business focus that

Finance plays and important role in our day-to-day routine. Considering the value of money, countries and people have started investing them into other countries and shares. Investing money in other countries is principally dependent on currency exchange rates.

The aim of this essay is to understand the problem of exchange rate. In order to answer to this problematic, various topics will be